Neuromodulation for the Treatment of Refractory Chronic Renal Pain: Clinical Report and Literature Review Article Swipe
Gabriel Urreola
,
Omar Ortuno
,
Jose Castillo
·
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ctn9010014
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ctn9010014
Background: Chronic renal pain secondary to urological pathology can severely affect a patient’s quality of life. Utero Pelvic Junction Obstruction (UPJO) and Loin Pain Hematuria Syndrome (LPHS) are two conditions known to cause chronic renal pain that can be refractory to conventional treatments. Recent publications demonstrate neuromodulation as an effective treatment option for refractory renal pain. The purpose of this review is to (1) provide evidence from a patient case demonstrating the expanding clinical application of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) for refractory renal pain; (2) provide a review of the literature surrounding UPJO/LPHS and SCS; and (3) express a call to action to investigate the clinical applications of neuromodulation and SCS to treatment-resistant genitourinary pathologies. Methods: We performed a search across PubMed and Web of Science databases to search for patients with UPJO/LPHS who had chronic renal/flank pain and were treated with SCS. Results: In our review, we included five case reports/series (including our own) of eight patients who had chronic flank pain secondary to the genitourinary pathologies UPJO and LPHS. Some patients have been having renal pain for up to 20 years, with all patients experiencing significant or complete alleviation of pain after SCS despite multiple failed attempts with other modalities. Five patients had complete resolution of pain and four patients were able to discontinue their pain medications entirely. Conclusions: SCS is gaining traction in its versatility in the management of various chronic pathologies beyond just CNS conditions. Specifically, UPJO and LPHS are examples of urogenital conditions that may benefit from using SCS. Our case shows an exciting opportunity for managing clinical symptoms in patients who have these conditions but have not undergone surgery for many reasons. Our review and clinical report suggest more research is needed in the application of SCS to genitourinary conditions and those experiencing refractory chronic pain.
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Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.3390/ctn9010014
- https://www.mdpi.com/2514-183X/9/1/14/pdf?version=1741073515
- OA Status
- gold
- References
- 28
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4408156043
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
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https://openalex.org/W4408156043Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.3390/ctn9010014Digital Object Identifier
- Title
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Neuromodulation for the Treatment of Refractory Chronic Renal Pain: Clinical Report and Literature ReviewWork title
- Type
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articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
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enPrimary language
- Publication year
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2025Year of publication
- Publication date
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2025-03-04Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Gabriel Urreola, Omar Ortuno, Jose CastilloList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.3390/ctn9010014Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
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https://www.mdpi.com/2514-183X/9/1/14/pdf?version=1741073515Direct link to full text PDF
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YesWhether a free full text is available
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goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
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https://www.mdpi.com/2514-183X/9/1/14/pdf?version=1741073515Direct OA link when available
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Neuromodulation, Medicine, Refractory (planetary science), Chronic pain, Intensive care medicine, Physical therapy, Internal medicine, Stimulation, Astrobiology, PhysicsTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
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0Total citation count in OpenAlex
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28Number of works referenced by this work
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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| abstract_inverted_index.that | 36, 248 |
| abstract_inverted_index.this | 59 |
| abstract_inverted_index.were | 139, 212 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 131, 141, 183, 199 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(SCS) | 79 |
| abstract_inverted_index.LPHS. | 170 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Utero | 16 |
| abstract_inverted_index.after | 193 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cause | 32 |
| abstract_inverted_index.eight | 156 |
| abstract_inverted_index.flank | 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.known | 30 |
| abstract_inverted_index.life. | 15 |
| abstract_inverted_index.other | 200 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pain. | 55, 301 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pain; | 83 |
| abstract_inverted_index.renal | 2, 34, 54, 82, 176 |
| abstract_inverted_index.shows | 256 |
| abstract_inverted_index.their | 216 |
| abstract_inverted_index.these | 268 |
| abstract_inverted_index.those | 297 |
| abstract_inverted_index.using | 252 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(LPHS) | 26 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(UPJO) | 20 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Pelvic | 17 |
| abstract_inverted_index.PubMed | 121 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Recent | 43 |
| abstract_inverted_index.across | 120 |
| abstract_inverted_index.action | 101 |
| abstract_inverted_index.affect | 10 |
| abstract_inverted_index.beyond | 235 |
| abstract_inverted_index.failed | 197 |
| abstract_inverted_index.having | 175 |
| abstract_inverted_index.needed | 287 |
| abstract_inverted_index.option | 51 |
| abstract_inverted_index.report | 282 |
| abstract_inverted_index.review | 60, 87, 279 |
| abstract_inverted_index.search | 119, 128 |
| abstract_inverted_index.spinal | 76 |
| abstract_inverted_index.years, | 182 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Chronic | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Science | 125 |
| abstract_inverted_index.benefit | 250 |
| abstract_inverted_index.chronic | 33, 135, 160, 233, 300 |
| abstract_inverted_index.despite | 195 |
| abstract_inverted_index.express | 97 |
| abstract_inverted_index.gaining | 223 |
| abstract_inverted_index.patient | 68 |
| abstract_inverted_index.provide | 64, 85 |
| abstract_inverted_index.purpose | 57 |
| abstract_inverted_index.quality | 13 |
| abstract_inverted_index.review, | 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.suggest | 283 |
| abstract_inverted_index.surgery | 274 |
| abstract_inverted_index.treated | 140 |
| abstract_inverted_index.various | 232 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Junction | 18 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Methods: | 115 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Results: | 143 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Syndrome | 25 |
| abstract_inverted_index.attempts | 198 |
| abstract_inverted_index.clinical | 73, 105, 262, 281 |
| abstract_inverted_index.complete | 189, 205 |
| abstract_inverted_index.evidence | 65 |
| abstract_inverted_index.examples | 244 |
| abstract_inverted_index.exciting | 258 |
| abstract_inverted_index.included | 148 |
| abstract_inverted_index.managing | 261 |
| abstract_inverted_index.multiple | 196 |
| abstract_inverted_index.patients | 130, 157, 172, 185, 203, 211, 265 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reasons. | 277 |
| abstract_inverted_index.research | 285 |
| abstract_inverted_index.severely | 9 |
| abstract_inverted_index.symptoms | 263 |
| abstract_inverted_index.traction | 224 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Hematuria | 24 |
| abstract_inverted_index.UPJO/LPHS | 92, 132 |
| abstract_inverted_index.databases | 126 |
| abstract_inverted_index.effective | 49 |
| abstract_inverted_index.entirely. | 219 |
| abstract_inverted_index.expanding | 72 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pathology | 7 |
| abstract_inverted_index.performed | 117 |
| abstract_inverted_index.secondary | 4, 163 |
| abstract_inverted_index.treatment | 50 |
| abstract_inverted_index.undergone | 273 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(including | 152 |
| abstract_inverted_index.conditions | 29, 247, 269, 295 |
| abstract_inverted_index.literature | 90 |
| abstract_inverted_index.management | 230 |
| abstract_inverted_index.refractory | 39, 53, 81, 299 |
| abstract_inverted_index.resolution | 206 |
| abstract_inverted_index.urogenital | 246 |
| abstract_inverted_index.urological | 6 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Background: | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Obstruction | 19 |
| abstract_inverted_index.alleviation | 190 |
| abstract_inverted_index.application | 74, 290 |
| abstract_inverted_index.conditions. | 238 |
| abstract_inverted_index.demonstrate | 45 |
| abstract_inverted_index.discontinue | 215 |
| abstract_inverted_index.investigate | 103 |
| abstract_inverted_index.medications | 218 |
| abstract_inverted_index.modalities. | 201 |
| abstract_inverted_index.opportunity | 259 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pathologies | 167, 234 |
| abstract_inverted_index.patient’s | 12 |
| abstract_inverted_index.renal/flank | 136 |
| abstract_inverted_index.significant | 187 |
| abstract_inverted_index.stimulation | 78 |
| abstract_inverted_index.surrounding | 91 |
| abstract_inverted_index.treatments. | 42 |
| abstract_inverted_index.versatility | 227 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Conclusions: | 220 |
| abstract_inverted_index.applications | 106 |
| abstract_inverted_index.conventional | 41 |
| abstract_inverted_index.experiencing | 186, 298 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pathologies. | 114 |
| abstract_inverted_index.publications | 44 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Specifically, | 239 |
| abstract_inverted_index.demonstrating | 70 |
| abstract_inverted_index.genitourinary | 113, 166, 294 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reports/series | 151 |
| abstract_inverted_index.neuromodulation | 46, 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.treatment-resistant | 112 |
| cited_by_percentile_year | |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 3 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.12376992 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | True |