New Constraints on the Composition and Initial Speed of CNEOS 2014-01-08 Article Swipe

PDF

YOU? · · 2022 · Open Access · · DOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2204.08482

We study the newly released light curve from the fireball of the first interstellar meteor CNEOS 2014-01-08. The measured velocity and three observed flares down to an altitude of $18.7 \mathrm{\; km}$ imply ambient ram pressure in the range of $113-194$ MPa when the meteor disintegrated. The required yield strength is $\gtrsim 20$ times higher than stony meteorites and $\gtrsim 2$ times larger than iron meteorites. The implied slowdown in the atmosphere suggests an initial speed of about $66.5 \; {\rm km~s^{-1}}$, strengthening the case for an interstellar origin of this meteor and making it an outlier relative to the velocity dispersion of local stars.

Related Topics

Concepts

Meteor (satellite) Meteorite Physics Atmosphere (unit) Astrophysics Stars Altitude (triangle) Dispersion (optics) Meteoroid Slowdown Interstellar medium Range (aeronautics) Yield (engineering) Atmospheric sciences Astronomy Meteorology Materials science Optics Geometry Thermodynamics Mathematics Composite material Political science Galaxy Law

Metadata

Type: preprint
Language: en
Landing Page: http://arxiv.org/abs/2204.08482
PDF: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2204.08482
OA Status: green
Related Works: 10
OpenAlex ID: https://openalex.org/W4224264525

All OpenAlex metadata

Raw OpenAlex JSON

OpenAlex ID: https://openalex.org/W4224264525

Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
DOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2204.08482

Digital Object Identifier
Title: New Constraints on the Composition and Initial Speed of CNEOS 2014-01-08

Work title
Type: preprint

OpenAlex work type
Language: en

Primary language
Publication year: 2022

Year of publication
Publication date: 2022-04-18

Full publication date if available
Authors: Amir Siraj, Abraham Loeb

List of authors in order
Landing page: https://arxiv.org/abs/2204.08482

Publisher landing page
PDF URL: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2204.08482

Direct link to full text PDF
Open access: Yes

Whether a free full text is available
OA status: green

Open access status per OpenAlex
OA URL: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2204.08482

Direct OA link when available
Concepts: Meteor (satellite), Meteorite, Physics, Atmosphere (unit), Astrophysics, Stars, Altitude (triangle), Dispersion (optics), Meteoroid, Slowdown, Interstellar medium, Range (aeronautics), Yield (engineering), Atmospheric sciences, Astronomy, Meteorology, Materials science, Optics, Geometry, Thermodynamics, Mathematics, Composite material, Political science, Galaxy, Law

Top concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
Cited by: 0

Total citation count in OpenAlex
Related works (count): 10

Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex

Full payload

id	https://openalex.org/W4224264525
doi	https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2204.08482
ids.doi	https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2204.08482
ids.openalex	https://openalex.org/W4224264525
fwci
type	preprint
title	New Constraints on the Composition and Initial Speed of CNEOS 2014-01-08
biblio.issue
biblio.volume
biblio.last_page
biblio.first_page
topics[0].id	https://openalex.org/T10325
topics[0].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/31
topics[0].field.display_name	Physics and Astronomy
topics[0].score	0.9997000098228455
topics[0].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/3
topics[0].domain.display_name	Physical Sciences
topics[0].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/3103
topics[0].subfield.display_name	Astronomy and Astrophysics
topics[0].display_name	Astro and Planetary Science
topics[1].id	https://openalex.org/T10039
topics[1].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/31
topics[1].field.display_name	Physics and Astronomy
topics[1].score	0.996399998664856
topics[1].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/3
topics[1].domain.display_name	Physical Sciences
topics[1].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/3103
topics[1].subfield.display_name	Astronomy and Astrophysics
topics[1].display_name	Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
topics[2].id	https://openalex.org/T11323
topics[2].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/31
topics[2].field.display_name	Physics and Astronomy
topics[2].score	0.9957000017166138
topics[2].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/3
topics[2].domain.display_name	Physical Sciences
topics[2].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/3103
topics[2].subfield.display_name	Astronomy and Astrophysics
topics[2].display_name	Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae
is_xpac	False
apc_list
apc_paid
concepts[0].id	https://openalex.org/C2778105581
concepts[0].level	2
concepts[0].score	0.8905086517333984
concepts[0].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1925316
concepts[0].display_name	Meteor (satellite)
concepts[1].id	https://openalex.org/C130635790
concepts[1].level	2
concepts[1].score	0.8116169571876526
concepts[1].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60186
concepts[1].display_name	Meteorite
concepts[2].id	https://openalex.org/C121332964
concepts[2].level	0
concepts[2].score	0.7210382223129272
concepts[2].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413
concepts[2].display_name	Physics
concepts[3].id	https://openalex.org/C65440619
concepts[3].level	2
concepts[3].score	0.6217530965805054
concepts[3].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177974
concepts[3].display_name	Atmosphere (unit)
concepts[4].id	https://openalex.org/C44870925
concepts[4].level	1
concepts[4].score	0.592856764793396
concepts[4].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547
concepts[4].display_name	Astrophysics
concepts[5].id	https://openalex.org/C150846664
concepts[5].level	2
concepts[5].score	0.5916432738304138
concepts[5].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7602306
concepts[5].display_name	Stars
concepts[6].id	https://openalex.org/C6350597
concepts[6].level	2
concepts[6].score	0.5447704195976257
concepts[6].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q339495
concepts[6].display_name	Altitude (triangle)
concepts[7].id	https://openalex.org/C177562468
concepts[7].level	2
concepts[7].score	0.5335602760314941
concepts[7].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182893
concepts[7].display_name	Dispersion (optics)
concepts[8].id	https://openalex.org/C10393806
concepts[8].level	2
concepts[8].score	0.5044976472854614
concepts[8].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7012
concepts[8].display_name	Meteoroid
concepts[9].id	https://openalex.org/C2777242750
concepts[9].level	2
concepts[9].score	0.4658091366291046
concepts[9].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31351
concepts[9].display_name	Slowdown
concepts[10].id	https://openalex.org/C196939603
concepts[10].level	3
concepts[10].score	0.426784873008728
concepts[10].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41872
concepts[10].display_name	Interstellar medium
concepts[11].id	https://openalex.org/C204323151
concepts[11].level	2
concepts[11].score	0.4212720990180969
concepts[11].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424
concepts[11].display_name	Range (aeronautics)
concepts[12].id	https://openalex.org/C134121241
concepts[12].level	2
concepts[12].score	0.41662001609802246
concepts[12].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301
concepts[12].display_name	Yield (engineering)
concepts[13].id	https://openalex.org/C91586092
concepts[13].level	1
concepts[13].score	0.35130608081817627
concepts[13].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520
concepts[13].display_name	Atmospheric sciences
concepts[14].id	https://openalex.org/C1276947
concepts[14].level	1
concepts[14].score	0.2858872711658478
concepts[14].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333
concepts[14].display_name	Astronomy
concepts[15].id	https://openalex.org/C153294291
concepts[15].level	1
concepts[15].score	0.19468504190444946
concepts[15].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261
concepts[15].display_name	Meteorology
concepts[16].id	https://openalex.org/C192562407
concepts[16].level	0
concepts[16].score	0.14151307940483093
concepts[16].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736
concepts[16].display_name	Materials science
concepts[17].id	https://openalex.org/C120665830
concepts[17].level	1
concepts[17].score	0.14114496111869812
concepts[17].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620
concepts[17].display_name	Optics
concepts[18].id	https://openalex.org/C2524010
concepts[18].level	1
concepts[18].score	0.10195446014404297
concepts[18].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087
concepts[18].display_name	Geometry
concepts[19].id	https://openalex.org/C97355855
concepts[19].level	1
concepts[19].score	0.07050687074661255
concepts[19].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473
concepts[19].display_name	Thermodynamics
concepts[20].id	https://openalex.org/C33923547
concepts[20].level	0
concepts[20].score	0.0
concepts[20].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395
concepts[20].display_name	Mathematics
concepts[21].id	https://openalex.org/C159985019
concepts[21].level	1
concepts[21].score	0.0
concepts[21].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790
concepts[21].display_name	Composite material
concepts[22].id	https://openalex.org/C17744445
concepts[22].level	0
concepts[22].score	0.0
concepts[22].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442
concepts[22].display_name	Political science
concepts[23].id	https://openalex.org/C98444146
concepts[23].level	2
concepts[23].score	0.0
concepts[23].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q318
concepts[23].display_name	Galaxy
concepts[24].id	https://openalex.org/C199539241
concepts[24].level	1
concepts[24].score	0.0
concepts[24].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748
concepts[24].display_name	Law
keywords[0].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/meteor
keywords[0].score	0.8905086517333984
keywords[0].display_name	Meteor (satellite)
keywords[1].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorite
keywords[1].score	0.8116169571876526
keywords[1].display_name	Meteorite
keywords[2].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/physics
keywords[2].score	0.7210382223129272
keywords[2].display_name	Physics
keywords[3].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/atmosphere
keywords[3].score	0.6217530965805054
keywords[3].display_name	Atmosphere (unit)
keywords[4].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/astrophysics
keywords[4].score	0.592856764793396
keywords[4].display_name	Astrophysics
keywords[5].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/stars
keywords[5].score	0.5916432738304138
keywords[5].display_name	Stars
keywords[6].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/altitude
keywords[6].score	0.5447704195976257
keywords[6].display_name	Altitude (triangle)
keywords[7].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/dispersion
keywords[7].score	0.5335602760314941
keywords[7].display_name	Dispersion (optics)
keywords[8].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/meteoroid
keywords[8].score	0.5044976472854614
keywords[8].display_name	Meteoroid
keywords[9].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/slowdown
keywords[9].score	0.4658091366291046
keywords[9].display_name	Slowdown
keywords[10].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/interstellar-medium
keywords[10].score	0.426784873008728
keywords[10].display_name	Interstellar medium
keywords[11].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/range
keywords[11].score	0.4212720990180969
keywords[11].display_name	Range (aeronautics)
keywords[12].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/yield
keywords[12].score	0.41662001609802246
keywords[12].display_name	Yield (engineering)
keywords[13].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-sciences
keywords[13].score	0.35130608081817627
keywords[13].display_name	Atmospheric sciences
keywords[14].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/astronomy
keywords[14].score	0.2858872711658478
keywords[14].display_name	Astronomy
keywords[15].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology
keywords[15].score	0.19468504190444946
keywords[15].display_name	Meteorology
keywords[16].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science
keywords[16].score	0.14151307940483093
keywords[16].display_name	Materials science
keywords[17].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/optics
keywords[17].score	0.14114496111869812
keywords[17].display_name	Optics
keywords[18].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry
keywords[18].score	0.10195446014404297
keywords[18].display_name	Geometry
keywords[19].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/thermodynamics
keywords[19].score	0.07050687074661255
keywords[19].display_name	Thermodynamics
language	en
locations[0].id	pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2204.08482
locations[0].is_oa	True
locations[0].source.id	https://openalex.org/S4306400194
locations[0].source.issn
locations[0].source.type	repository
locations[0].source.is_oa	True
locations[0].source.issn_l
locations[0].source.is_core	False
locations[0].source.is_in_doaj	False
locations[0].source.display_name	arXiv (Cornell University)
locations[0].source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/I205783295
locations[0].source.host_organization_name	Cornell University
locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/I205783295
locations[0].license
locations[0].pdf_url	https://arxiv.org/pdf/2204.08482
locations[0].version	submittedVersion
locations[0].raw_type
locations[0].license_id
locations[0].is_accepted	False
locations[0].is_published	False
locations[0].raw_source_name
locations[0].landing_page_url	http://arxiv.org/abs/2204.08482
locations[1].id	doi:10.48550/arxiv.2204.08482
locations[1].is_oa	True
locations[1].source.id	https://openalex.org/S4306400194
locations[1].source.issn
locations[1].source.type	repository
locations[1].source.is_oa	True
locations[1].source.issn_l
locations[1].source.is_core	False
locations[1].source.is_in_doaj	False
locations[1].source.display_name	arXiv (Cornell University)
locations[1].source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/I205783295
locations[1].source.host_organization_name	Cornell University
locations[1].source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/I205783295
locations[1].license
locations[1].pdf_url
locations[1].version
locations[1].raw_type	article
locations[1].license_id
locations[1].is_accepted	False
locations[1].is_published
locations[1].raw_source_name
locations[1].landing_page_url	https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2204.08482
indexed_in	arxiv, datacite
authorships[0].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5070944599
authorships[0].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9275-0380
authorships[0].author.display_name	Amir Siraj
authorships[0].author_position	first
authorships[0].raw_author_name	Siraj, Amir
authorships[0].is_corresponding	False
authorships[1].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5040946565
authorships[1].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4330-287X
authorships[1].author.display_name	Abraham Loeb
authorships[1].author_position	last
authorships[1].raw_author_name	Loeb, Abraham
authorships[1].is_corresponding	False
has_content.pdf	False
has_content.grobid_xml	False
is_paratext	False
open_access.is_oa	True
open_access.oa_url	https://arxiv.org/pdf/2204.08482
open_access.oa_status	green
open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext	False
created_date	2025-10-10T00:00:00
display_name	New Constraints on the Composition and Initial Speed of CNEOS 2014-01-08
has_fulltext	False
is_retracted	False
updated_date	2025-11-06T06:51:31.235846
primary_topic.id	https://openalex.org/T10325
primary_topic.field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/31
primary_topic.field.display_name	Physics and Astronomy
primary_topic.score	0.9997000098228455
primary_topic.domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/3
primary_topic.domain.display_name	Physical Sciences
primary_topic.subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/3103
primary_topic.subfield.display_name	Astronomy and Astrophysics
primary_topic.display_name	Astro and Planetary Science
related_works	https://openalex.org/W2921958040, https://openalex.org/W2047734985, https://openalex.org/W2102855826, https://openalex.org/W4376255072, https://openalex.org/W2155013590, https://openalex.org/W2021467165, https://openalex.org/W2064694358, https://openalex.org/W2061282546, https://openalex.org/W2597487176, https://openalex.org/W2792493134
cited_by_count	0
locations_count	2
best_oa_location.id	pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2204.08482
best_oa_location.is_oa	True
best_oa_location.source.id	https://openalex.org/S4306400194
best_oa_location.source.issn
best_oa_location.source.type	repository
best_oa_location.source.is_oa	True
best_oa_location.source.issn_l
best_oa_location.source.is_core	False
best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj	False
best_oa_location.source.display_name	arXiv (Cornell University)
best_oa_location.source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/I205783295
best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name	Cornell University
best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/I205783295
best_oa_location.license
best_oa_location.pdf_url	https://arxiv.org/pdf/2204.08482
best_oa_location.version	submittedVersion
best_oa_location.raw_type
best_oa_location.license_id
best_oa_location.is_accepted	False
best_oa_location.is_published	False
best_oa_location.raw_source_name
best_oa_location.landing_page_url	http://arxiv.org/abs/2204.08482
primary_location.id	pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2204.08482
primary_location.is_oa	True
primary_location.source.id	https://openalex.org/S4306400194
primary_location.source.issn
primary_location.source.type	repository
primary_location.source.is_oa	True
primary_location.source.issn_l
primary_location.source.is_core	False
primary_location.source.is_in_doaj	False
primary_location.source.display_name	arXiv (Cornell University)
primary_location.source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/I205783295
primary_location.source.host_organization_name	Cornell University
primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/I205783295
primary_location.license
primary_location.pdf_url	https://arxiv.org/pdf/2204.08482
primary_location.version	submittedVersion
primary_location.raw_type
primary_location.license_id
primary_location.is_accepted	False
primary_location.is_published	False
primary_location.raw_source_name
primary_location.landing_page_url	http://arxiv.org/abs/2204.08482
publication_date	2022-04-18
publication_year	2022
referenced_works_count	0
abstract_inverted_index.2$	60
abstract_inverted_index.We	0
abstract_inverted_index.\;	79
abstract_inverted_index.an	26, 73, 86, 95
abstract_inverted_index.in	36, 69
abstract_inverted_index.is	50
abstract_inverted_index.it	94
abstract_inverted_index.of	10, 28, 39, 76, 89, 102
abstract_inverted_index.to	25, 98
abstract_inverted_index.20$	52
abstract_inverted_index.MPa	41
abstract_inverted_index.The	17, 46, 66
abstract_inverted_index.and	20, 58, 92
abstract_inverted_index.for	85
abstract_inverted_index.ram	34
abstract_inverted_index.the	2, 8, 11, 37, 43, 70, 83, 99
abstract_inverted_index.case	84
abstract_inverted_index.down	24
abstract_inverted_index.from	7
abstract_inverted_index.iron	64
abstract_inverted_index.km}$	31
abstract_inverted_index.than	55, 63
abstract_inverted_index.this	90
abstract_inverted_index.when	42
abstract_inverted_index.{\rm	80
abstract_inverted_index.$18.7	29
abstract_inverted_index.$66.5	78
abstract_inverted_index.CNEOS	15
abstract_inverted_index.about	77
abstract_inverted_index.curve	6
abstract_inverted_index.first	12
abstract_inverted_index.imply	32
abstract_inverted_index.light	5
abstract_inverted_index.local	103
abstract_inverted_index.newly	3
abstract_inverted_index.range	38
abstract_inverted_index.speed	75
abstract_inverted_index.stony	56
abstract_inverted_index.study	1
abstract_inverted_index.three	21
abstract_inverted_index.times	53, 61
abstract_inverted_index.yield	48
abstract_inverted_index.flares	23
abstract_inverted_index.higher	54
abstract_inverted_index.larger	62
abstract_inverted_index.making	93
abstract_inverted_index.meteor	14, 44, 91
abstract_inverted_index.origin	88
abstract_inverted_index.stars.	104
abstract_inverted_index.ambient	33
abstract_inverted_index.implied	67
abstract_inverted_index.initial	74
abstract_inverted_index.outlier	96
abstract_inverted_index.$\gtrsim	51, 59
abstract_inverted_index.altitude	27
abstract_inverted_index.fireball	9
abstract_inverted_index.measured	18
abstract_inverted_index.observed	22
abstract_inverted_index.pressure	35
abstract_inverted_index.relative	97
abstract_inverted_index.released	4
abstract_inverted_index.required	47
abstract_inverted_index.slowdown	68
abstract_inverted_index.strength	49
abstract_inverted_index.suggests	72
abstract_inverted_index.velocity	19, 100
abstract_inverted_index.$113-194$	40
abstract_inverted_index.\mathrm{\;	30
abstract_inverted_index.atmosphere	71
abstract_inverted_index.dispersion	101
abstract_inverted_index.meteorites	57
abstract_inverted_index.2014-01-08.	16
abstract_inverted_index.meteorites.	65
abstract_inverted_index.interstellar	13, 87
abstract_inverted_index.km~s^{-1}}$,	81
abstract_inverted_index.strengthening	82
abstract_inverted_index.disintegrated.	45
cited_by_percentile_year
countries_distinct_count	0
institutions_distinct_count	2
sustainable_development_goals[0].id	https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14
sustainable_development_goals[0].score	0.46000000834465027
sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name	Life below water
citation_normalized_percentile