Numerical Investigation of Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition Engine Performance under Fuel Aggregation Collision to Piston Bowl Rim Edge Situation Article Swipe
S. Talesh Amiri
,
R. Shafaghat
,
Omid Jahanian
,
Ahmad Fakhari
·
YOU?
·
· 2021
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.5829/ijee.2021.12.01.02
YOU?
·
· 2021
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.5829/ijee.2021.12.01.02
To better homogenize the mixture of fuel and air in the combustion chamber and to enhance the controllability of ignition timing in Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) engines, controlling the start of injection (SOI) timing can be essential. By changing the SOI timing, at some specific crank angles (CAs), the fuel can impact the edge of the piston bowl and create some difficulties. In this research, initially, efforts are made to recognize the range of SOI timing in which this collision process takes place (in the range of 44-54° bTDC), then, performance and the emission levels of the engine were evaluated in the beginning and end of this interval. The findings suggest that the nitrogen oxides emissions and the maximum in-cylinder mean pressure are higher in SOI of 44° bTDC, as compared to those in the SOI timing of 54°bTDC, although the latter has higher ignition delay and unburnt hydrocarbon (UHC) emission. Moreover, some evaluations were carried out to examine how the temperature of the fuel-air mixture can affect the performance of the engine in this specific range. It was found that as the IVC temperature increases, it rises the indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP), in-cylinder pressure, and NOx emission.
Related Topics
Concepts
Piston (optics)
Ignition system
Materials science
Automotive engineering
Compression ratio
Combustion
Ignition timing
Range (aeronautics)
NOx
Cylinder
Homogeneous charge compression ignition
Compression (physics)
Nuclear engineering
Environmental science
Internal combustion engine
Combustion chamber
Composite material
Mechanical engineering
Engineering
Chemistry
Aerospace engineering
Physics
Optics
Organic chemistry
Wavefront
Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.5829/ijee.2021.12.01.02
- OA Status
- diamond
- Cited By
- 8
- References
- 15
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W3169540262
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W3169540262Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.5829/ijee.2021.12.01.02Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Numerical Investigation of Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition Engine Performance under Fuel Aggregation Collision to Piston Bowl Rim Edge SituationWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2021Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2021-01-01Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
S. Talesh Amiri, R. Shafaghat, Omid Jahanian, Ahmad FakhariList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.5829/ijee.2021.12.01.02Publisher landing page
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
diamondOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://doi.org/10.5829/ijee.2021.12.01.02Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Piston (optics), Ignition system, Materials science, Automotive engineering, Compression ratio, Combustion, Ignition timing, Range (aeronautics), NOx, Cylinder, Homogeneous charge compression ignition, Compression (physics), Nuclear engineering, Environmental science, Internal combustion engine, Combustion chamber, Composite material, Mechanical engineering, Engineering, Chemistry, Aerospace engineering, Physics, Optics, Organic chemistry, WavefrontTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
8Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 2, 2024: 2, 2023: 1, 2022: 2, 2021: 1Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
15Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W3169540262 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.5829/ijee.2021.12.01.02 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.5829/ijee.2021.12.01.02 |
| ids.mag | 3169540262 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W3169540262 |
| fwci | 0.75008801 |
| type | article |
| title | Numerical Investigation of Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition Engine Performance under Fuel Aggregation Collision to Piston Bowl Rim Edge Situation |
| biblio.issue | 1 |
| biblio.volume | 12 |
| biblio.last_page | |
| biblio.first_page | |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T10117 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/15 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Chemical Engineering |
| topics[0].score | 1.0 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/1507 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes |
| topics[0].display_name | Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T10553 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/22 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Engineering |
| topics[1].score | 0.9965999722480774 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2206 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Computational Mechanics |
| topics[1].display_name | Combustion and flame dynamics |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T12095 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/22 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Engineering |
| topics[2].score | 0.9925000071525574 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2203 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Automotive Engineering |
| topics[2].display_name | Vehicle emissions and performance |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list | |
| apc_paid | |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C199524791 |
| concepts[0].level | 3 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.7119946479797363 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7198512 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Piston (optics) |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C159063594 |
| concepts[1].level | 2 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.6948683261871338 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q248382 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Ignition system |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C192562407 |
| concepts[2].level | 0 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.6051226854324341 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Materials science |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C171146098 |
| concepts[3].level | 1 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.5660508871078491 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Automotive engineering |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C25797200 |
| concepts[4].level | 3 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.5553629398345947 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828137 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Compression ratio |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C105923489 |
| concepts[5].level | 2 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.5336896181106567 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133235 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Combustion |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C96532641 |
| concepts[6].level | 3 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.5274651050567627 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q248240 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Ignition timing |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C204323151 |
| concepts[7].level | 2 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.4907556474208832 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Range (aeronautics) |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C203032635 |
| concepts[8].level | 3 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.480199933052063 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20962970 |
| concepts[8].display_name | NOx |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C203311528 |
| concepts[9].level | 2 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.47767195105552673 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34132 |
| concepts[9].display_name | Cylinder |
| concepts[10].id | https://openalex.org/C96949565 |
| concepts[10].level | 4 |
| concepts[10].score | 0.44190749526023865 |
| concepts[10].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5606882 |
| concepts[10].display_name | Homogeneous charge compression ignition |
| concepts[11].id | https://openalex.org/C180016635 |
| concepts[11].level | 2 |
| concepts[11].score | 0.4309573173522949 |
| concepts[11].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2712821 |
| concepts[11].display_name | Compression (physics) |
| concepts[12].id | https://openalex.org/C116915560 |
| concepts[12].level | 1 |
| concepts[12].score | 0.41078975796699524 |
| concepts[12].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83504 |
| concepts[12].display_name | Nuclear engineering |
| concepts[13].id | https://openalex.org/C39432304 |
| concepts[13].level | 0 |
| concepts[13].score | 0.3842431306838989 |
| concepts[13].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847 |
| concepts[13].display_name | Environmental science |
| concepts[14].id | https://openalex.org/C511840579 |
| concepts[14].level | 2 |
| concepts[14].score | 0.3089497983455658 |
| concepts[14].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12757 |
| concepts[14].display_name | Internal combustion engine |
| concepts[15].id | https://openalex.org/C106169591 |
| concepts[15].level | 3 |
| concepts[15].score | 0.2901371419429779 |
| concepts[15].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909434 |
| concepts[15].display_name | Combustion chamber |
| concepts[16].id | https://openalex.org/C159985019 |
| concepts[16].level | 1 |
| concepts[16].score | 0.26187992095947266 |
| concepts[16].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790 |
| concepts[16].display_name | Composite material |
| concepts[17].id | https://openalex.org/C78519656 |
| concepts[17].level | 1 |
| concepts[17].score | 0.22070229053497314 |
| concepts[17].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333 |
| concepts[17].display_name | Mechanical engineering |
| concepts[18].id | https://openalex.org/C127413603 |
| concepts[18].level | 0 |
| concepts[18].score | 0.1767534613609314 |
| concepts[18].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023 |
| concepts[18].display_name | Engineering |
| concepts[19].id | https://openalex.org/C185592680 |
| concepts[19].level | 0 |
| concepts[19].score | 0.15265166759490967 |
| concepts[19].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329 |
| concepts[19].display_name | Chemistry |
| concepts[20].id | https://openalex.org/C146978453 |
| concepts[20].level | 1 |
| concepts[20].score | 0.13282686471939087 |
| concepts[20].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668 |
| concepts[20].display_name | Aerospace engineering |
| concepts[21].id | https://openalex.org/C121332964 |
| concepts[21].level | 0 |
| concepts[21].score | 0.13243570923805237 |
| concepts[21].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413 |
| concepts[21].display_name | Physics |
| concepts[22].id | https://openalex.org/C120665830 |
| concepts[22].level | 1 |
| concepts[22].score | 0.0726836621761322 |
| concepts[22].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620 |
| concepts[22].display_name | Optics |
| concepts[23].id | https://openalex.org/C178790620 |
| concepts[23].level | 1 |
| concepts[23].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[23].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351 |
| concepts[23].display_name | Organic chemistry |
| concepts[24].id | https://openalex.org/C165699331 |
| concepts[24].level | 2 |
| concepts[24].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[24].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461533 |
| concepts[24].display_name | Wavefront |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/piston |
| keywords[0].score | 0.7119946479797363 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Piston (optics) |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/ignition-system |
| keywords[1].score | 0.6948683261871338 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Ignition system |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science |
| keywords[2].score | 0.6051226854324341 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Materials science |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering |
| keywords[3].score | 0.5660508871078491 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Automotive engineering |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/compression-ratio |
| keywords[4].score | 0.5553629398345947 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Compression ratio |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/combustion |
| keywords[5].score | 0.5336896181106567 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Combustion |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/ignition-timing |
| keywords[6].score | 0.5274651050567627 |
| keywords[6].display_name | Ignition timing |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/range |
| keywords[7].score | 0.4907556474208832 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Range (aeronautics) |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/nox |
| keywords[8].score | 0.480199933052063 |
| keywords[8].display_name | NOx |
| keywords[9].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/cylinder |
| keywords[9].score | 0.47767195105552673 |
| keywords[9].display_name | Cylinder |
| keywords[10].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/homogeneous-charge-compression-ignition |
| keywords[10].score | 0.44190749526023865 |
| keywords[10].display_name | Homogeneous charge compression ignition |
| keywords[11].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/compression |
| keywords[11].score | 0.4309573173522949 |
| keywords[11].display_name | Compression (physics) |
| keywords[12].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/nuclear-engineering |
| keywords[12].score | 0.41078975796699524 |
| keywords[12].display_name | Nuclear engineering |
| keywords[13].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science |
| keywords[13].score | 0.3842431306838989 |
| keywords[13].display_name | Environmental science |
| keywords[14].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-combustion-engine |
| keywords[14].score | 0.3089497983455658 |
| keywords[14].display_name | Internal combustion engine |
| keywords[15].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/combustion-chamber |
| keywords[15].score | 0.2901371419429779 |
| keywords[15].display_name | Combustion chamber |
| keywords[16].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material |
| keywords[16].score | 0.26187992095947266 |
| keywords[16].display_name | Composite material |
| keywords[17].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering |
| keywords[17].score | 0.22070229053497314 |
| keywords[17].display_name | Mechanical engineering |
| keywords[18].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering |
| keywords[18].score | 0.1767534613609314 |
| keywords[18].display_name | Engineering |
| keywords[19].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry |
| keywords[19].score | 0.15265166759490967 |
| keywords[19].display_name | Chemistry |
| keywords[20].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering |
| keywords[20].score | 0.13282686471939087 |
| keywords[20].display_name | Aerospace engineering |
| keywords[21].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/physics |
| keywords[21].score | 0.13243570923805237 |
| keywords[21].display_name | Physics |
| keywords[22].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/optics |
| keywords[22].score | 0.0726836621761322 |
| keywords[22].display_name | Optics |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.5829/ijee.2021.12.01.02 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4210173582 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 2079-2115, 2079-2123 |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 2079-2115 |
| locations[0].source.is_core | False |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | True |
| locations[0].source.display_name | Iranica Journal of Energy and Environment |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | |
| locations[0].license | cc-by |
| locations[0].pdf_url | |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | Iranian Journal of Energy and Environment |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.5829/ijee.2021.12.01.02 |
| locations[1].id | pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9f0168e8473a4d5ca29ef9cfc0827af1 |
| locations[1].is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306401280 |
| locations[1].source.issn | |
| locations[1].source.type | repository |
| locations[1].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.issn_l | |
| locations[1].source.is_core | False |
| locations[1].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[1].source.display_name | DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) |
| locations[1].source.host_organization | |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_name | |
| locations[1].license | |
| locations[1].pdf_url | |
| locations[1].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[1].raw_type | article |
| locations[1].license_id | |
| locations[1].is_accepted | False |
| locations[1].is_published | False |
| locations[1].raw_source_name | Iranica Journal of Energy and Environment, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 10-17 (2021) |
| locations[1].landing_page_url | https://doaj.org/article/9f0168e8473a4d5ca29ef9cfc0827af1 |
| indexed_in | crossref, doaj |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5047670151 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | S. Talesh Amiri |
| authorships[0].countries | IR |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I84248293 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Mechanical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I84248293 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02zc85170 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I84248293 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | IR |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | Babol Noshirvani University of Technology |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Talesh Amiri, S. |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Mechanical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5110775174 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | R. Shafaghat |
| authorships[1].countries | IR |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I84248293 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Mechanical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I84248293 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02zc85170 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I84248293 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | IR |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | Babol Noshirvani University of Technology |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Shafaghat, R. |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Mechanical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5069747213 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5968-5185 |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Omid Jahanian |
| authorships[2].countries | IR |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I84248293 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Mechanical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I84248293 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02zc85170 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I84248293 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | IR |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | Babol Noshirvani University of Technology |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Jahanian, O. |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Mechanical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5027652781 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9723-5145 |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | Ahmad Fakhari |
| authorships[3].countries | IR |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I67009956 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I67009956 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/01jw2p796 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I67009956 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code | IR |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name | Iran University of Science and Technology |
| authorships[3].author_position | last |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | Fakhari, A. H. |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran |
| has_content.pdf | False |
| has_content.grobid_xml | False |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://doi.org/10.5829/ijee.2021.12.01.02 |
| open_access.oa_status | diamond |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2021-06-22T00:00:00 |
| display_name | Numerical Investigation of Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition Engine Performance under Fuel Aggregation Collision to Piston Bowl Rim Edge Situation |
| has_fulltext | False |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T10117 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/15 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Chemical Engineering |
| primary_topic.score | 1.0 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/1507 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes |
| primary_topic.display_name | Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W2720874478, https://openalex.org/W2084630957, https://openalex.org/W2352346058, https://openalex.org/W2265164254, https://openalex.org/W2393655693, https://openalex.org/W4301737637, https://openalex.org/W2045587412, https://openalex.org/W1861214345, https://openalex.org/W2645839324, https://openalex.org/W2010455482 |
| cited_by_count | 8 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2025 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 2 |
| counts_by_year[1].year | 2024 |
| counts_by_year[1].cited_by_count | 2 |
| counts_by_year[2].year | 2023 |
| counts_by_year[2].cited_by_count | 1 |
| counts_by_year[3].year | 2022 |
| counts_by_year[3].cited_by_count | 2 |
| counts_by_year[4].year | 2021 |
| counts_by_year[4].cited_by_count | 1 |
| locations_count | 2 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.5829/ijee.2021.12.01.02 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S4210173582 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | 2079-2115, 2079-2123 |
| best_oa_location.source.type | journal |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | 2079-2115 |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | False |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | Iranica Journal of Energy and Environment |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | |
| best_oa_location.license | cc-by |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | Iranian Journal of Energy and Environment |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.5829/ijee.2021.12.01.02 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.5829/ijee.2021.12.01.02 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S4210173582 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 2079-2115, 2079-2123 |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 2079-2115 |
| primary_location.source.is_core | False |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| primary_location.source.display_name | Iranica Journal of Energy and Environment |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | |
| primary_location.license | cc-by |
| primary_location.pdf_url | |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | Iranian Journal of Energy and Environment |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.5829/ijee.2021.12.01.02 |
| publication_date | 2021-01-01 |
| publication_year | 2021 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W3105123135, https://openalex.org/W2954380556, https://openalex.org/W2974964784, https://openalex.org/W1915325319, https://openalex.org/W1986434297, https://openalex.org/W2193258121, https://openalex.org/W3021832706, https://openalex.org/W2972410658, https://openalex.org/W2766647893, https://openalex.org/W2995674574, https://openalex.org/W1512939215, https://openalex.org/W2944020080, https://openalex.org/W2965007763, https://openalex.org/W2212527144, https://openalex.org/W2765466082 |
| referenced_works_count | 15 |
| abstract_inverted_index.By | 38 |
| abstract_inverted_index.In | 63 |
| abstract_inverted_index.It | 178 |
| abstract_inverted_index.To | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.as | 130, 182 |
| abstract_inverted_index.at | 43 |
| abstract_inverted_index.be | 36 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 9, 21, 77, 101, 125, 134, 174 |
| abstract_inverted_index.it | 187 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 5, 18, 31, 55, 74, 87, 96, 106, 127, 138, 163, 171 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 14, 70, 132, 158 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(in | 84 |
| abstract_inverted_index.IVC | 184 |
| abstract_inverted_index.NOx | 198 |
| abstract_inverted_index.SOI | 41, 75, 126, 136 |
| abstract_inverted_index.The | 109 |
| abstract_inverted_index.air | 8 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 7, 13, 59, 92, 104, 117, 147, 197 |
| abstract_inverted_index.are | 68, 123 |
| abstract_inverted_index.can | 35, 51, 167 |
| abstract_inverted_index.end | 105 |
| abstract_inverted_index.has | 143 |
| abstract_inverted_index.how | 160 |
| abstract_inverted_index.out | 157 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 3, 10, 16, 29, 40, 49, 53, 56, 72, 85, 93, 97, 102, 113, 118, 135, 141, 161, 164, 169, 172, 183, 189 |
| abstract_inverted_index.was | 179 |
| abstract_inverted_index.44° | 128 |
| abstract_inverted_index.bowl | 58 |
| abstract_inverted_index.edge | 54 |
| abstract_inverted_index.fuel | 6, 50 |
| abstract_inverted_index.made | 69 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mean | 121, 191 |
| abstract_inverted_index.some | 44, 61, 153 |
| abstract_inverted_index.that | 112, 181 |
| abstract_inverted_index.this | 64, 79, 107, 175 |
| abstract_inverted_index.were | 99, 155 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(SOI) | 33 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(UHC) | 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.bTDC, | 129 |
| abstract_inverted_index.crank | 46 |
| abstract_inverted_index.delay | 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.found | 180 |
| abstract_inverted_index.place | 83 |
| abstract_inverted_index.range | 73, 86 |
| abstract_inverted_index.rises | 188 |
| abstract_inverted_index.start | 30 |
| abstract_inverted_index.takes | 82 |
| abstract_inverted_index.then, | 90 |
| abstract_inverted_index.those | 133 |
| abstract_inverted_index.which | 78 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(CAs), | 48 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(RCCI) | 26 |
| abstract_inverted_index.affect | 168 |
| abstract_inverted_index.angles | 47 |
| abstract_inverted_index.bTDC), | 89 |
| abstract_inverted_index.better | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.create | 60 |
| abstract_inverted_index.engine | 98, 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.higher | 124, 144 |
| abstract_inverted_index.impact | 52 |
| abstract_inverted_index.latter | 142 |
| abstract_inverted_index.levels | 95 |
| abstract_inverted_index.oxides | 115 |
| abstract_inverted_index.piston | 57 |
| abstract_inverted_index.range. | 177 |
| abstract_inverted_index.timing | 20, 34, 76, 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(IMEP), | 194 |
| abstract_inverted_index.44-54° | 88 |
| abstract_inverted_index.carried | 156 |
| abstract_inverted_index.chamber | 12 |
| abstract_inverted_index.efforts | 67 |
| abstract_inverted_index.enhance | 15 |
| abstract_inverted_index.examine | 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.maximum | 119 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mixture | 4, 166 |
| abstract_inverted_index.process | 81 |
| abstract_inverted_index.suggest | 111 |
| abstract_inverted_index.timing, | 42 |
| abstract_inverted_index.unburnt | 148 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Ignition | 25 |
| abstract_inverted_index.although | 140 |
| abstract_inverted_index.changing | 39 |
| abstract_inverted_index.compared | 131 |
| abstract_inverted_index.emission | 94 |
| abstract_inverted_index.engines, | 27 |
| abstract_inverted_index.findings | 110 |
| abstract_inverted_index.fuel-air | 165 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ignition | 19, 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.nitrogen | 114 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pressure | 122, 193 |
| abstract_inverted_index.specific | 45, 176 |
| abstract_inverted_index.54°bTDC, | 139 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Moreover, | 152 |
| abstract_inverted_index.beginning | 103 |
| abstract_inverted_index.collision | 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.effective | 192 |
| abstract_inverted_index.emission. | 151, 199 |
| abstract_inverted_index.emissions | 116 |
| abstract_inverted_index.evaluated | 100 |
| abstract_inverted_index.indicated | 190 |
| abstract_inverted_index.injection | 32 |
| abstract_inverted_index.interval. | 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pressure, | 196 |
| abstract_inverted_index.recognize | 71 |
| abstract_inverted_index.research, | 65 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Controlled | 23 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Reactivity | 22 |
| abstract_inverted_index.combustion | 11 |
| abstract_inverted_index.essential. | 37 |
| abstract_inverted_index.homogenize | 2 |
| abstract_inverted_index.increases, | 186 |
| abstract_inverted_index.initially, | 66 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Compression | 24 |
| abstract_inverted_index.controlling | 28 |
| abstract_inverted_index.evaluations | 154 |
| abstract_inverted_index.hydrocarbon | 149 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in-cylinder | 120, 195 |
| abstract_inverted_index.performance | 91, 170 |
| abstract_inverted_index.temperature | 162, 185 |
| abstract_inverted_index.difficulties. | 62 |
| abstract_inverted_index.controllability | 17 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 97 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 89 |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 4 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.8700000047683716 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Affordable and clean energy |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.63252904 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | False |