Optimal Placement and Sizing of Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure in a Grid-Tied DC Microgrid Using Modified TLBO Method Article Swipe
YOU?
·
· 2023
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/en16041781
In this work, a DC microgrid consists of a solar photovoltaic, wind power system and fuel cells as sources interlinked with the utility grid. The appropriate sizing and positioning of electric vehicle charging stations (EVCSs) and renewable energy sources (RESs) are concurrently determined to curtail the negative impact of their placement on the distribution network’s operational parameters. The charging station location problem is presented in a multi-objective context comprising voltage stability, reliability, the power loss (VRP) index and cost as objective functions. RES and EVCS location and capacity are chosen as the objective variables. The objective functions are tested on modified IEEE 33 and 123-bus radial distribution systems. The minimum value of cost obtained is USD 2.0250 × 106 for the proposed case. The minimum value of the VRP index is obtained by innovative scheme 6, i.e., 9.6985 and 17.34 on 33-bus and 123-bus test systems, respectively. The EVCSs on medium- and large-scale networks are optimally placed at bus numbers 2, 19, 20; 16, 43, and 107. There is a substantial rise in the voltage profile and a decline in the VRP index with RESs’ optimal placement at bus numbers 2, 18, 30; 60, 72, and 102. The location and size of an EVCS and RESs are optimized by the modified teaching-learning-based optimization (TLBO) technique, and the results show the effectiveness of RESs in reducing the VRP index using the proposed algorithm.
Related Topics
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.3390/en16041781
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 68
- References
- 47
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4320495796
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W4320495796Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.3390/en16041781Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Optimal Placement and Sizing of Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure in a Grid-Tied DC Microgrid Using Modified TLBO MethodWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2023Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2023-02-10Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Nandini K. Krishnamurthy, N. S. Jayalakshmi, Vinay Kumar Jadoun, D. N. Gaonkar, Ashish Shrivastava, Vidya S. Rao, Ganesh C. KudvaList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.3390/en16041781Publisher landing page
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://doi.org/10.3390/en16041781Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Sizing, Context (archaeology), Electric vehicle, Photovoltaic system, Automotive engineering, Microgrid, Renewable energy, Power (physics), Voltage, Computer science, Engineering, Electrical engineering, Quantum mechanics, Physics, Visual arts, Biology, Paleontology, ArtTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
68Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 28, 2024: 27, 2023: 13Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
47Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W4320495796 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.3390/en16041781 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.3390/en16041781 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W4320495796 |
| fwci | 11.28010507 |
| type | article |
| title | Optimal Placement and Sizing of Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure in a Grid-Tied DC Microgrid Using Modified TLBO Method |
| biblio.issue | 4 |
| biblio.volume | 16 |
| biblio.last_page | 1781 |
| biblio.first_page | 1781 |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T10768 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/22 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Engineering |
| topics[0].score | 1.0 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2208 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Electrical and Electronic Engineering |
| topics[0].display_name | Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T10663 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/22 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Engineering |
| topics[1].score | 0.9997000098228455 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2203 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Automotive Engineering |
| topics[1].display_name | Advanced Battery Technologies Research |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T10223 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/22 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Engineering |
| topics[2].score | 0.9991999864578247 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2207 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Control and Systems Engineering |
| topics[2].display_name | Microgrid Control and Optimization |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list.value | 2200 |
| apc_list.currency | CHF |
| apc_list.value_usd | 2382 |
| apc_paid.value | 2200 |
| apc_paid.currency | CHF |
| apc_paid.value_usd | 2382 |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C2777767291 |
| concepts[0].level | 2 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.7697725296020508 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1080291 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Sizing |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C2779343474 |
| concepts[1].level | 2 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.6223087310791016 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Context (archaeology) |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C2776422217 |
| concepts[2].level | 3 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.6166447997093201 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13629441 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Electric vehicle |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C41291067 |
| concepts[3].level | 2 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.6019866466522217 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1897785 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Photovoltaic system |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C171146098 |
| concepts[4].level | 1 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.5428003072738647 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Automotive engineering |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C2776784348 |
| concepts[5].level | 3 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.5159155130386353 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5762595 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Microgrid |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C188573790 |
| concepts[6].level | 2 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.47745707631111145 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Renewable energy |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C163258240 |
| concepts[7].level | 2 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.41946983337402344 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Power (physics) |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C165801399 |
| concepts[8].level | 2 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.4114535450935364 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Voltage |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C41008148 |
| concepts[9].level | 0 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.38686707615852356 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198 |
| concepts[9].display_name | Computer science |
| concepts[10].id | https://openalex.org/C127413603 |
| concepts[10].level | 0 |
| concepts[10].score | 0.3653830289840698 |
| concepts[10].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023 |
| concepts[10].display_name | Engineering |
| concepts[11].id | https://openalex.org/C119599485 |
| concepts[11].level | 1 |
| concepts[11].score | 0.2958202362060547 |
| concepts[11].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035 |
| concepts[11].display_name | Electrical engineering |
| concepts[12].id | https://openalex.org/C62520636 |
| concepts[12].level | 1 |
| concepts[12].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[12].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944 |
| concepts[12].display_name | Quantum mechanics |
| concepts[13].id | https://openalex.org/C121332964 |
| concepts[13].level | 0 |
| concepts[13].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[13].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413 |
| concepts[13].display_name | Physics |
| concepts[14].id | https://openalex.org/C153349607 |
| concepts[14].level | 1 |
| concepts[14].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[14].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649 |
| concepts[14].display_name | Visual arts |
| concepts[15].id | https://openalex.org/C86803240 |
| concepts[15].level | 0 |
| concepts[15].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[15].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420 |
| concepts[15].display_name | Biology |
| concepts[16].id | https://openalex.org/C151730666 |
| concepts[16].level | 1 |
| concepts[16].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[16].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205 |
| concepts[16].display_name | Paleontology |
| concepts[17].id | https://openalex.org/C142362112 |
| concepts[17].level | 0 |
| concepts[17].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[17].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735 |
| concepts[17].display_name | Art |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/sizing |
| keywords[0].score | 0.7697725296020508 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Sizing |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/context |
| keywords[1].score | 0.6223087310791016 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Context (archaeology) |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-vehicle |
| keywords[2].score | 0.6166447997093201 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Electric vehicle |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/photovoltaic-system |
| keywords[3].score | 0.6019866466522217 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Photovoltaic system |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering |
| keywords[4].score | 0.5428003072738647 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Automotive engineering |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/microgrid |
| keywords[5].score | 0.5159155130386353 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Microgrid |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/renewable-energy |
| keywords[6].score | 0.47745707631111145 |
| keywords[6].display_name | Renewable energy |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/power |
| keywords[7].score | 0.41946983337402344 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Power (physics) |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage |
| keywords[8].score | 0.4114535450935364 |
| keywords[8].display_name | Voltage |
| keywords[9].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science |
| keywords[9].score | 0.38686707615852356 |
| keywords[9].display_name | Computer science |
| keywords[10].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering |
| keywords[10].score | 0.3653830289840698 |
| keywords[10].display_name | Engineering |
| keywords[11].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering |
| keywords[11].score | 0.2958202362060547 |
| keywords[11].display_name | Electrical engineering |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.3390/en16041781 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S198098182 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 1996-1073 |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 1996-1073 |
| locations[0].source.is_core | True |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | True |
| locations[0].source.display_name | Energies |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage_names | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| locations[0].license | cc-by |
| locations[0].pdf_url | |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | Energies |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3390/en16041781 |
| locations[1].id | pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e9a220db9d7a44a98c7837371a33e78e |
| locations[1].is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306401280 |
| locations[1].source.issn | |
| locations[1].source.type | repository |
| locations[1].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.issn_l | |
| locations[1].source.is_core | False |
| locations[1].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[1].source.display_name | DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) |
| locations[1].source.host_organization | |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_name | |
| locations[1].license | |
| locations[1].pdf_url | |
| locations[1].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[1].raw_type | article |
| locations[1].license_id | |
| locations[1].is_accepted | False |
| locations[1].is_published | False |
| locations[1].raw_source_name | Energies, Vol 16, Iss 4, p 1781 (2023) |
| locations[1].landing_page_url | https://doaj.org/article/e9a220db9d7a44a98c7837371a33e78e |
| locations[2].id | pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1996-1073/16/4/1781/ |
| locations[2].is_oa | True |
| locations[2].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306400947 |
| locations[2].source.issn | |
| locations[2].source.type | repository |
| locations[2].source.is_oa | True |
| locations[2].source.issn_l | |
| locations[2].source.is_core | False |
| locations[2].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[2].source.display_name | MDPI (MDPI AG) |
| locations[2].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I4210097602 |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_name | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland) |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210097602 |
| locations[2].license | cc-by |
| locations[2].pdf_url | |
| locations[2].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[2].raw_type | Text |
| locations[2].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[2].is_accepted | False |
| locations[2].is_published | False |
| locations[2].raw_source_name | Energies |
| locations[2].landing_page_url | https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16041781 |
| indexed_in | crossref, doaj |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5019919680 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0246-1834 |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Nandini K. Krishnamurthy |
| authorships[0].countries | IN |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I164861460 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I164861460 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02xzytt36 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I164861460 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | IN |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | Manipal Academy of Higher Education |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Nandini K. Krishnamurthy |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5020114473 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0882-6283 |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | N. S. Jayalakshmi |
| authorships[1].countries | IN |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I164861460 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I164861460 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02xzytt36 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I164861460 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | IN |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | Manipal Academy of Higher Education |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Jayalakshmi N. Sabhahit |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5066036242 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3373-8613 |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Vinay Kumar Jadoun |
| authorships[2].countries | IN |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I164861460 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I164861460 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02xzytt36 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I164861460 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | IN |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | Manipal Academy of Higher Education |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Vinay Kumar Jadoun |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5090019586 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8067-2661 |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | D. N. Gaonkar |
| authorships[3].countries | IN |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I11880225 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal 575025, Mangalore, India |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I11880225 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/01hz4v948 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I11880225 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code | IN |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name | National Institute of Technology Karnataka |
| authorships[3].author_position | middle |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | Dattatraya Narayan Gaonkar |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal 575025, Mangalore, India |
| authorships[4].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5002740493 |
| authorships[4].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2465-0708 |
| authorships[4].author.display_name | Ashish Shrivastava |
| authorships[4].countries | IN |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210137508 |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Skill Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Shri Vishwakarma Skill University, Gurugram 122003, Haryana, India |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210137508 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03kbe9m86 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210137508 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].country_code | IN |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].display_name | Shri Vishwakarma Skill University |
| authorships[4].author_position | middle |
| authorships[4].raw_author_name | Ashish Shrivastava |
| authorships[4].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[4].raw_affiliation_strings | Skill Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Shri Vishwakarma Skill University, Gurugram 122003, Haryana, India |
| authorships[5].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5044577427 |
| authorships[5].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1384-8572 |
| authorships[5].author.display_name | Vidya S. Rao |
| authorships[5].countries | IN |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I164861460 |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Instrumentation & Control Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I164861460 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02xzytt36 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I164861460 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].country_code | IN |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].display_name | Manipal Academy of Higher Education |
| authorships[5].author_position | middle |
| authorships[5].raw_author_name | Vidya S. Rao |
| authorships[5].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[5].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Instrumentation & Control Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India |
| authorships[6].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5038041381 |
| authorships[6].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2125-6139 |
| authorships[6].author.display_name | Ganesh C. Kudva |
| authorships[6].countries | IN |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I164861460 |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I164861460 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02xzytt36 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I164861460 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].country_code | IN |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].display_name | Manipal Academy of Higher Education |
| authorships[6].author_position | last |
| authorships[6].raw_author_name | Ganesh Kudva |
| authorships[6].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[6].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India |
| has_content.pdf | False |
| has_content.grobid_xml | False |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://doi.org/10.3390/en16041781 |
| open_access.oa_status | gold |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | Optimal Placement and Sizing of Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure in a Grid-Tied DC Microgrid Using Modified TLBO Method |
| has_fulltext | False |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T10768 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/22 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Engineering |
| primary_topic.score | 1.0 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2208 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Electrical and Electronic Engineering |
| primary_topic.display_name | Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W4210780382, https://openalex.org/W2057975886, https://openalex.org/W4308700935, https://openalex.org/W1574359403, https://openalex.org/W2356033827, https://openalex.org/W2391138633, https://openalex.org/W4206134051, https://openalex.org/W2907234787, https://openalex.org/W4285503559, https://openalex.org/W4383747562 |
| cited_by_count | 68 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2025 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 28 |
| counts_by_year[1].year | 2024 |
| counts_by_year[1].cited_by_count | 27 |
| counts_by_year[2].year | 2023 |
| counts_by_year[2].cited_by_count | 13 |
| locations_count | 3 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.3390/en16041781 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S198098182 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | 1996-1073 |
| best_oa_location.source.type | journal |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | 1996-1073 |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | True |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | Energies |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| best_oa_location.license | cc-by |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | Energies |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3390/en16041781 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.3390/en16041781 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S198098182 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 1996-1073 |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 1996-1073 |
| primary_location.source.is_core | True |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| primary_location.source.display_name | Energies |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| primary_location.license | cc-by |
| primary_location.pdf_url | |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | Energies |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3390/en16041781 |
| publication_date | 2023-02-10 |
| publication_year | 2023 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W3088478141, https://openalex.org/W2983724346, https://openalex.org/W2953929860, https://openalex.org/W3163989072, https://openalex.org/W2964249246, https://openalex.org/W2612442180, https://openalex.org/W3208273960, https://openalex.org/W3034840822, https://openalex.org/W2782951042, https://openalex.org/W2614130787, https://openalex.org/W2963558364, https://openalex.org/W3040129181, https://openalex.org/W3011029223, https://openalex.org/W3086908419, https://openalex.org/W3148267205, https://openalex.org/W3133712197, https://openalex.org/W3160656401, https://openalex.org/W2771591219, https://openalex.org/W2558809144, https://openalex.org/W3177993236, https://openalex.org/W2938186776, https://openalex.org/W3118783584, https://openalex.org/W3153132925, https://openalex.org/W3158641223, https://openalex.org/W3187349546, https://openalex.org/W3197667875, https://openalex.org/W4313420259, https://openalex.org/W2991506894, https://openalex.org/W2900416547, https://openalex.org/W2766502901, https://openalex.org/W2921842401, https://openalex.org/W4292264330, https://openalex.org/W2895748964, https://openalex.org/W2120098964, https://openalex.org/W2885037588, https://openalex.org/W2008228728, https://openalex.org/W6691543791, https://openalex.org/W3192358885, https://openalex.org/W2889260116, https://openalex.org/W2015830404, https://openalex.org/W1999284878, https://openalex.org/W6639797986, https://openalex.org/W3180552863, https://openalex.org/W3136946723, https://openalex.org/W2236829833, https://openalex.org/W4299295126, https://openalex.org/W1902150770 |
| referenced_works_count | 47 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 3, 8, 65, 169, 177 |
| abstract_inverted_index.2, | 160, 190 |
| abstract_inverted_index.33 | 102 |
| abstract_inverted_index.6, | 135 |
| abstract_inverted_index.DC | 4 |
| abstract_inverted_index.In | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.an | 202 |
| abstract_inverted_index.as | 17, 79, 90 |
| abstract_inverted_index.at | 157, 187 |
| abstract_inverted_index.by | 132, 208 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 64, 172, 179, 223 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 62, 114, 130, 168 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 7, 29, 48, 111, 126, 201, 221 |
| abstract_inverted_index.on | 51, 99, 140, 149 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 43 |
| abstract_inverted_index.× | 117 |
| abstract_inverted_index.106 | 118 |
| abstract_inverted_index.16, | 163 |
| abstract_inverted_index.18, | 191 |
| abstract_inverted_index.19, | 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.20; | 162 |
| abstract_inverted_index.30; | 192 |
| abstract_inverted_index.43, | 164 |
| abstract_inverted_index.60, | 193 |
| abstract_inverted_index.72, | 194 |
| abstract_inverted_index.RES | 82 |
| abstract_inverted_index.The | 24, 57, 94, 108, 123, 147, 197 |
| abstract_inverted_index.USD | 115 |
| abstract_inverted_index.VRP | 128, 181, 226 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 14, 27, 35, 77, 83, 86, 103, 138, 142, 151, 165, 176, 195, 199, 204, 215 |
| abstract_inverted_index.are | 40, 88, 97, 154, 206 |
| abstract_inverted_index.bus | 158, 188 |
| abstract_inverted_index.for | 119 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 21, 45, 52, 72, 91, 120, 127, 173, 180, 209, 216, 219, 225, 229 |
| abstract_inverted_index.102. | 196 |
| abstract_inverted_index.107. | 166 |
| abstract_inverted_index.EVCS | 84, 203 |
| abstract_inverted_index.IEEE | 101 |
| abstract_inverted_index.RESs | 205, 222 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cost | 78, 112 |
| abstract_inverted_index.fuel | 15 |
| abstract_inverted_index.loss | 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.rise | 171 |
| abstract_inverted_index.show | 218 |
| abstract_inverted_index.size | 200 |
| abstract_inverted_index.test | 144 |
| abstract_inverted_index.this | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.wind | 11 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 20, 183 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(VRP) | 75 |
| abstract_inverted_index.17.34 | 139 |
| abstract_inverted_index.EVCSs | 148 |
| abstract_inverted_index.There | 167 |
| abstract_inverted_index.case. | 122 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cells | 16 |
| abstract_inverted_index.grid. | 23 |
| abstract_inverted_index.i.e., | 136 |
| abstract_inverted_index.index | 76, 129, 182, 227 |
| abstract_inverted_index.power | 12, 73 |
| abstract_inverted_index.solar | 9 |
| abstract_inverted_index.their | 49 |
| abstract_inverted_index.using | 228 |
| abstract_inverted_index.value | 110, 125 |
| abstract_inverted_index.work, | 2 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(RESs) | 39 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(TLBO) | 213 |
| abstract_inverted_index.2.0250 | 116 |
| abstract_inverted_index.33-bus | 141 |
| abstract_inverted_index.9.6985 | 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.chosen | 89 |
| abstract_inverted_index.energy | 37 |
| abstract_inverted_index.impact | 47 |
| abstract_inverted_index.placed | 156 |
| abstract_inverted_index.radial | 105 |
| abstract_inverted_index.scheme | 134 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sizing | 26 |
| abstract_inverted_index.system | 13 |
| abstract_inverted_index.tested | 98 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(EVCSs) | 34 |
| abstract_inverted_index.123-bus | 104, 143 |
| abstract_inverted_index.RESs’ | 184 |
| abstract_inverted_index.context | 67 |
| abstract_inverted_index.curtail | 44 |
| abstract_inverted_index.decline | 178 |
| abstract_inverted_index.medium- | 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.minimum | 109, 124 |
| abstract_inverted_index.numbers | 159, 189 |
| abstract_inverted_index.optimal | 185 |
| abstract_inverted_index.problem | 61 |
| abstract_inverted_index.profile | 175 |
| abstract_inverted_index.results | 217 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sources | 18, 38 |
| abstract_inverted_index.station | 59 |
| abstract_inverted_index.utility | 22 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vehicle | 31 |
| abstract_inverted_index.voltage | 69, 174 |
| abstract_inverted_index.capacity | 87 |
| abstract_inverted_index.charging | 32, 58 |
| abstract_inverted_index.consists | 6 |
| abstract_inverted_index.electric | 30 |
| abstract_inverted_index.location | 60, 85, 198 |
| abstract_inverted_index.modified | 100, 210 |
| abstract_inverted_index.negative | 46 |
| abstract_inverted_index.networks | 153 |
| abstract_inverted_index.obtained | 113, 131 |
| abstract_inverted_index.proposed | 121, 230 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reducing | 224 |
| abstract_inverted_index.stations | 33 |
| abstract_inverted_index.systems, | 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.systems. | 107 |
| abstract_inverted_index.functions | 96 |
| abstract_inverted_index.microgrid | 5 |
| abstract_inverted_index.objective | 80, 92, 95 |
| abstract_inverted_index.optimally | 155 |
| abstract_inverted_index.optimized | 207 |
| abstract_inverted_index.placement | 50, 186 |
| abstract_inverted_index.presented | 63 |
| abstract_inverted_index.renewable | 36 |
| abstract_inverted_index.algorithm. | 231 |
| abstract_inverted_index.comprising | 68 |
| abstract_inverted_index.determined | 42 |
| abstract_inverted_index.functions. | 81 |
| abstract_inverted_index.innovative | 133 |
| abstract_inverted_index.stability, | 70 |
| abstract_inverted_index.technique, | 214 |
| abstract_inverted_index.variables. | 93 |
| abstract_inverted_index.appropriate | 25 |
| abstract_inverted_index.interlinked | 19 |
| abstract_inverted_index.large-scale | 152 |
| abstract_inverted_index.network’s | 54 |
| abstract_inverted_index.operational | 55 |
| abstract_inverted_index.parameters. | 56 |
| abstract_inverted_index.positioning | 28 |
| abstract_inverted_index.substantial | 170 |
| abstract_inverted_index.concurrently | 41 |
| abstract_inverted_index.distribution | 53, 106 |
| abstract_inverted_index.optimization | 212 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reliability, | 71 |
| abstract_inverted_index.effectiveness | 220 |
| abstract_inverted_index.photovoltaic, | 10 |
| abstract_inverted_index.respectively. | 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.multi-objective | 66 |
| abstract_inverted_index.teaching-learning-based | 211 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 100 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 99 |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5020114473 |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 7 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I164861460 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.41999998688697815 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Industry, innovation and infrastructure |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.98851924 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | True |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | True |