Optimal Timing of Exercise for Enhanced Learning and Memory: Insights From CA1 and CA3 Regions in Traumatic Brain Injury Model in Male Rats Article Swipe
Forouzan Rafie
,
Sedigheh Amiresmaili
,
Mohammad Amin Rajizadeh
,
Mohammad Pourranjbar
,
Elham Jafari
,
Mohammad Khaksari
,
Sara Shirazpour
,
Omid Moradnejad
,
Amir Hossein Nekouei
·
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70354
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70354
Objective Evidence suggests that exercise timing is crucial in reducing the impact of traumatic brain injury (TBI). The present study explores the effects of delayed and early exercise on brain damage, cognitive dysfunction, and anxiety behavior using an experimental TBI model. Methods We randomly assigned 36 male rats to six groups: control (sham, TBI), treadmill exercise (24hA, 1‐month exercise 24 h after TBI), 1WA (1‐month exercise 1 week after TBI), 1MB (1‐month exercise before TBI), and 1MBA (1‐month exercise before and after TBI). Results TBI caused significant impairments in cognitive and anxiety behaviors, as well as increased brain edema ( p < 0.05). The exercise groups showed significant improvement in the following order for cognitive impairments: 1MBA > 24hA > 1WA > 1MB. Compared to the 1WA group, exercise starting 24 h after TBI (24hA) significantly improved all variables except anxiety behavior. Exercise 1MBA was significantly more effective than other groups ( p < 0.05) in reducing cognitive problems, anxious behavior, and brain damage. Conclusion Regular exercise or a consistent exercise routine before TBI, such as in athletes, may provide the most benefits from exercise intervention after the TBI. Starting exercise soon after the TBI (within 24 h) may help protect against brain edema and improve learning and memory by reducing cell death in specific brain regions (CA1 and CA3) and also decreasing TNF‐α and MDA compared to starting exercise later (1 week after).
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Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70354
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 5
- References
- 68
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4408410573
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
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https://openalex.org/W4408410573Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70354Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Optimal Timing of Exercise for Enhanced Learning and Memory: Insights From CA1 and CA3 Regions in Traumatic Brain Injury Model in Male RatsWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2025Year of publication
- Publication date
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2025-03-01Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Forouzan Rafie, Sedigheh Amiresmaili, Mohammad Amin Rajizadeh, Mohammad Pourranjbar, Elham Jafari, Mohammad Khaksari, Sara Shirazpour, Omid Moradnejad, Amir Hossein NekoueiList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70354Publisher landing page
- Open access
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YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70354Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
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Traumatic brain injury, Cognition, Anxiety, Medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance, Physical therapy, Physical exercise, Psychology, PsychiatryTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
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5Total citation count in OpenAlex
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2025: 5Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
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68Number of works referenced by this work
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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| abstract_inverted_index.(TBI). | 17 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(sham, | 53 |
| abstract_inverted_index.0.05). | 103 |
| abstract_inverted_index.before | 74, 80, 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.caused | 86 |
| abstract_inverted_index.except | 140 |
| abstract_inverted_index.group, | 128 |
| abstract_inverted_index.groups | 106, 151 |
| abstract_inverted_index.impact | 12 |
| abstract_inverted_index.injury | 16 |
| abstract_inverted_index.memory | 209 |
| abstract_inverted_index.model. | 41 |
| abstract_inverted_index.showed | 107 |
| abstract_inverted_index.timing | 6 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(within | 196 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Methods | 42 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Regular | 166 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Results | 84 |
| abstract_inverted_index.after). | 234 |
| abstract_inverted_index.against | 202 |
| abstract_inverted_index.anxiety | 35, 92, 141 |
| abstract_inverted_index.anxious | 160 |
| abstract_inverted_index.control | 52 |
| abstract_inverted_index.crucial | 8 |
| abstract_inverted_index.damage, | 31 |
| abstract_inverted_index.damage. | 164 |
| abstract_inverted_index.delayed | 25 |
| abstract_inverted_index.effects | 23 |
| abstract_inverted_index.groups: | 51 |
| abstract_inverted_index.improve | 206 |
| abstract_inverted_index.present | 19 |
| abstract_inverted_index.protect | 201 |
| abstract_inverted_index.provide | 180 |
| abstract_inverted_index.regions | 217 |
| abstract_inverted_index.routine | 172 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ABSTRACT | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Compared | 124 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Evidence | 2 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Exercise | 143 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Starting | 190 |
| abstract_inverted_index.TNF‐α | 224 |
| abstract_inverted_index.assigned | 45 |
| abstract_inverted_index.behavior | 36 |
| abstract_inverted_index.benefits | 183 |
| abstract_inverted_index.compared | 227 |
| abstract_inverted_index.exercise | 5, 28, 56, 59, 66, 73, 79, 105, 129, 167, 171, 185, 191, 230 |
| abstract_inverted_index.explores | 21 |
| abstract_inverted_index.improved | 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.learning | 207 |
| abstract_inverted_index.randomly | 44 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reducing | 10, 157, 211 |
| abstract_inverted_index.specific | 215 |
| abstract_inverted_index.starting | 130, 229 |
| abstract_inverted_index.suggests | 3 |
| abstract_inverted_index.1‐month | 58 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Objective | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.athletes, | 178 |
| abstract_inverted_index.behavior, | 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.behavior. | 142 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cognitive | 32, 90, 115, 158 |
| abstract_inverted_index.effective | 148 |
| abstract_inverted_index.following | 112 |
| abstract_inverted_index.increased | 97 |
| abstract_inverted_index.problems, | 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.traumatic | 14 |
| abstract_inverted_index.treadmill | 55 |
| abstract_inverted_index.variables | 139 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(1‐month | 65, 72, 78 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Conclusion | 165 |
| abstract_inverted_index.behaviors, | 93 |
| abstract_inverted_index.consistent | 170 |
| abstract_inverted_index.decreasing | 223 |
| abstract_inverted_index.impairments | 88 |
| abstract_inverted_index.improvement | 109 |
| abstract_inverted_index.significant | 87, 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.dysfunction, | 33 |
| abstract_inverted_index.experimental | 39 |
| abstract_inverted_index.impairments: | 116 |
| abstract_inverted_index.intervention | 186 |
| abstract_inverted_index.significantly | 136, 146 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 98 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 97 |
| countries_distinct_count | 2 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 9 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.7599999904632568 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Good health and well-being |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.98338503 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | True |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | True |