Combining model and field tests, this study proposes an optimized single blasting method with reserved hollow holes. Firstly, through model tests, key parameters such as blasthole spacing, charge quantity, and delay time (90 mm, 0.75 kg, 50 ms) were optimized, and the effects of different parameter combinations on fragmentation uniformity, PPV (mm/s), and energy utilization were evaluated. Secondly, field tests were conducted in a real mining tunnel with a semi-circular cross-section (5.2 m × 3.6 m) and Fair rock …