Parameter Optimization for Dual-Mode Operation of Unitized Regenerative Fuel Cells via Steady-State Simulation Article Swipe
Yuhang Hu
,
Yijia Li
,
Yuehua Li
,
Fang Yang
,
Bin Zhang
,
Dan Wang
·
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/en18225899
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/en18225899
Mathematical modeling of unitized regenerative fuel cells (URFCs) faces significant challenges in reconciling parameter conflicts between fuel cell (FC) and electrolysis cell (EC) modes. This study establishes a COMSOL-based multi-physics framework coupling water–gas–heat–electric transport for both operational states. The critical factors associated with the model were identified through a systematic sensitivity analysis of structural and operational parameters, including temperature, exchange current density, conductivity, porosity, and flow rates. FC modes exhibited strong sensitivity to exchange current density (27.8–40.5% performance variation) and conductivity of membrane (10.1–35.6%), while temperature degraded performance (−4.2% to −4.0%). Spatial analysis revealed temperature-induced membrane dehydration and accelerated gas depletion at electrodes, thus explaining the negative correlation. EC modes were dominantly governed by temperature (8.6–9.4%), exchange current density (13.0–16.4%), and conductivity (2.5–13.3%). Channel simulations revealed that elevated temperature contributed to enhanced liquid water fluidity, while high flow rates had a relatively limited effect on mitigating species concentration gradients. Parameter optimization guided by sensitivity thresholds (e.g., porosity > 0.4 in FC GDLs, conductivity > 222 S/m in EC modes) enabled dual-mode calibration. The model achieved <4% error in polarization curve validation under experimental conditions, demonstrating robust prediction of voltage–current dynamics. This work resolves key conflicts of URFC modeling through physics-informed parameterization to provide a foundation for efficient dual-mode system design.
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- Type
- article
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- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.3390/en18225899
- OA Status
- gold
- References
- 30
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4416089151
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
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https://openalex.org/W4416089151Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.3390/en18225899Digital Object Identifier
- Title
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Parameter Optimization for Dual-Mode Operation of Unitized Regenerative Fuel Cells via Steady-State SimulationWork title
- Type
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articleOpenAlex work type
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enPrimary language
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2025Year of publication
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-
2025-11-10Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Yuhang Hu, Yijia Li, Yuehua Li, Fang Yang, Bin Zhang, Dan WangList of authors in order
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-
https://doi.org/10.3390/en18225899Publisher landing page
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://doi.org/10.3390/en18225899Direct OA link when available
- Cited by
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0Total citation count in OpenAlex
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30Number of works referenced by this work
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