Parental Firearm Storage and Their Teens’ Perceived Firearm Access in US Households Article Swipe
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.14443
Importance Firearm access increases fatal and nonfatal firearm injury risk among teens. Identifying parental firearm storage behaviors associated with teen access may inform efforts to prevent teen firearm injuries. Objective To examine the associations between parent-reported household firearm storage behaviors and teen perceived access to firearms. Design, Setting, and Participants This cross-sectional study used national survey data of US firearm-owning parents and their teens (aged 14 to 18 years) surveyed between June and July 2020, with a response rate of 31% for parents and 21% for teens. Analyses were conducted January to May 2024. Exposures The number of firearms stored in the household as (1) unlocked, (2) loaded, (3) unlocked and loaded, and (4) unlocked or loaded. Main Outcomes and Measures Teen perceived firearm access, overall and stratified by teen gender, parental education, and urbanicity. Survey-weighted logistic regression analyses assessed the associations between the number of firearms parents reported storing in each unsecured state (unlocked and loaded, unlocked, loaded, and unlocked or loaded) and teen perceived firearm access, overall and stratified by teen gender, parental education, and urbanicity (metropolitan vs nonmetropolitan). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROC) were used to identify the firearm storage behaviors with the best ability to estimate teen perceived firearm access. Results Analyses included 487 parent-teen dyad respondents. The mean (SE) ages of parents and teens were 46.6 (0.80) and 16.0 (0.12) years, respectively. Most parent respondents were male (58.1%; 95% CI, 50.3%-65.8%) and White (73.5%; 95% CI, 66.1%-80.9%), and most teen respondents were female (55.7%; 95% CI, 47.8%-63.6%) and White (69.5%; 95% CI, 61.8%-77.2%). All 4 unsecured firearm storage behaviors were associated with greater teen perceived firearm access (odds ratio [OR], 1.27-1.44; 95% CI, 0.99-2.10), but associations disappeared after restricting to those who stored at least 1 firearm unsecured (OR, 0.99-1.18; 95% CI, 0.67-1.89). The number of firearms stored unlocked performed the best in estimating teen perceived access to firearms in US households (AUROC, 65.7; 95% CI, 61.4-70.1), regardless of teen gender, parental education, and urbanicity. However, sensitivity of this measure was universally low (range, 42%-64%). Additionally, 36.3% (95% CI, 23.6%-49.0%) of teens reported access to a firearm in households where all firearms were stored locked and unloaded. Conclusions and Relevance This study found that parent-reported firearm storage may be a poor estimator of teen perceived firearm access, regardless of teen gender, parental education, and urbanicity. Strictly focusing safety efforts on locked and unloaded firearm storage may not fully negate teen’s perceptions that they can access and load household firearms. Storing additional firearms securely may not prevent teen access if at least 1 household firearm remains unlocked.
Related Topics
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.14443
- https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/articlepdf/2835160/hastings_2025_oi_250477_1748961721.77902.pdf
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 3
- References
- 20
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4411178950
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W4411178950Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.14443Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Parental Firearm Storage and Their Teens’ Perceived Firearm Access in US HouseholdsWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2025Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2025-06-10Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Katherine Hastings, Patrick M. Carter, Marc A. Zimmerman, Rebeccah L. SokolList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.14443Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/articlepdf/2835160/hastings_2025_oi_250477_1748961721.77902.pdfDirect link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/articlepdf/2835160/hastings_2025_oi_250477_1748961721.77902.pdfDirect OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Computer security, Medical emergency, Environmental health, Forensic engineering, Business, Psychology, Computer science, Medicine, EngineeringTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
3Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 3Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
20Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W4411178950 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.14443 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.14443 |
| ids.pmid | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40493368 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W4411178950 |
| fwci | 19.06635128 |
| mesh[0].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[0].descriptor_ui | D006801 |
| mesh[0].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[0].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[0].descriptor_name | Humans |
| mesh[1].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[1].descriptor_ui | D000293 |
| mesh[1].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[1].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[1].descriptor_name | Adolescent |
| mesh[2].qualifier_ui | Q000706 |
| mesh[2].descriptor_ui | D005389 |
| mesh[2].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[2].qualifier_name | statistics & numerical data |
| mesh[2].descriptor_name | Firearms |
| mesh[3].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[3].descriptor_ui | D008297 |
| mesh[3].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[3].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[3].descriptor_name | Male |
| mesh[4].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[4].descriptor_ui | D005260 |
| mesh[4].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[4].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[4].descriptor_name | Female |
| mesh[5].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[5].descriptor_ui | D003430 |
| mesh[5].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[5].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[5].descriptor_name | Cross-Sectional Studies |
| mesh[6].qualifier_ui | Q000523 |
| mesh[6].descriptor_ui | D010290 |
| mesh[6].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[6].qualifier_name | psychology |
| mesh[6].descriptor_name | Parents |
| mesh[7].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[7].descriptor_ui | D014481 |
| mesh[7].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[7].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[7].descriptor_name | United States |
| mesh[8].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[8].descriptor_ui | D000328 |
| mesh[8].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[8].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[8].descriptor_name | Adult |
| mesh[9].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[9].descriptor_ui | D005191 |
| mesh[9].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[9].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[9].descriptor_name | Family Characteristics |
| mesh[10].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[10].descriptor_ui | D011795 |
| mesh[10].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[10].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[10].descriptor_name | Surveys and Questionnaires |
| mesh[11].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[11].descriptor_ui | D008875 |
| mesh[11].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[11].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[11].descriptor_name | Middle Aged |
| mesh[12].qualifier_ui | Q000517 |
| mesh[12].descriptor_ui | D014948 |
| mesh[12].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[12].qualifier_name | prevention & control |
| mesh[12].descriptor_name | Wounds, Gunshot |
| mesh[13].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[13].descriptor_ui | D006801 |
| mesh[13].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[13].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[13].descriptor_name | Humans |
| mesh[14].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[14].descriptor_ui | D000293 |
| mesh[14].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[14].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[14].descriptor_name | Adolescent |
| mesh[15].qualifier_ui | Q000706 |
| mesh[15].descriptor_ui | D005389 |
| mesh[15].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[15].qualifier_name | statistics & numerical data |
| mesh[15].descriptor_name | Firearms |
| mesh[16].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[16].descriptor_ui | D008297 |
| mesh[16].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[16].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[16].descriptor_name | Male |
| mesh[17].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[17].descriptor_ui | D005260 |
| mesh[17].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[17].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[17].descriptor_name | Female |
| mesh[18].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[18].descriptor_ui | D003430 |
| mesh[18].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[18].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[18].descriptor_name | Cross-Sectional Studies |
| mesh[19].qualifier_ui | Q000523 |
| mesh[19].descriptor_ui | D010290 |
| mesh[19].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[19].qualifier_name | psychology |
| mesh[19].descriptor_name | Parents |
| mesh[20].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[20].descriptor_ui | D014481 |
| mesh[20].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[20].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[20].descriptor_name | United States |
| mesh[21].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[21].descriptor_ui | D000328 |
| mesh[21].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[21].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[21].descriptor_name | Adult |
| mesh[22].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[22].descriptor_ui | D005191 |
| mesh[22].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[22].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[22].descriptor_name | Family Characteristics |
| mesh[23].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[23].descriptor_ui | D011795 |
| mesh[23].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[23].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[23].descriptor_name | Surveys and Questionnaires |
| mesh[24].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[24].descriptor_ui | D008875 |
| mesh[24].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[24].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[24].descriptor_name | Middle Aged |
| mesh[25].qualifier_ui | Q000517 |
| mesh[25].descriptor_ui | D014948 |
| mesh[25].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[25].qualifier_name | prevention & control |
| mesh[25].descriptor_name | Wounds, Gunshot |
| mesh[26].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[26].descriptor_ui | D006801 |
| mesh[26].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[26].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[26].descriptor_name | Humans |
| mesh[27].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[27].descriptor_ui | D000293 |
| mesh[27].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[27].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[27].descriptor_name | Adolescent |
| mesh[28].qualifier_ui | Q000706 |
| mesh[28].descriptor_ui | D005389 |
| mesh[28].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[28].qualifier_name | statistics & numerical data |
| mesh[28].descriptor_name | Firearms |
| mesh[29].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[29].descriptor_ui | D008297 |
| mesh[29].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[29].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[29].descriptor_name | Male |
| mesh[30].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[30].descriptor_ui | D005260 |
| mesh[30].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[30].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[30].descriptor_name | Female |
| mesh[31].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[31].descriptor_ui | D003430 |
| mesh[31].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[31].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[31].descriptor_name | Cross-Sectional Studies |
| mesh[32].qualifier_ui | Q000523 |
| mesh[32].descriptor_ui | D010290 |
| mesh[32].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[32].qualifier_name | psychology |
| mesh[32].descriptor_name | Parents |
| mesh[33].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[33].descriptor_ui | D014481 |
| mesh[33].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[33].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[33].descriptor_name | United States |
| mesh[34].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[34].descriptor_ui | D000328 |
| mesh[34].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[34].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[34].descriptor_name | Adult |
| mesh[35].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[35].descriptor_ui | D005191 |
| mesh[35].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[35].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[35].descriptor_name | Family Characteristics |
| mesh[36].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[36].descriptor_ui | D011795 |
| mesh[36].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[36].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[36].descriptor_name | Surveys and Questionnaires |
| mesh[37].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[37].descriptor_ui | D008875 |
| mesh[37].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[37].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[37].descriptor_name | Middle Aged |
| mesh[38].qualifier_ui | Q000517 |
| mesh[38].descriptor_ui | D014948 |
| mesh[38].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[38].qualifier_name | prevention & control |
| mesh[38].descriptor_name | Wounds, Gunshot |
| mesh[39].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[39].descriptor_ui | D006801 |
| mesh[39].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[39].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[39].descriptor_name | Humans |
| mesh[40].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[40].descriptor_ui | D000293 |
| mesh[40].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[40].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[40].descriptor_name | Adolescent |
| mesh[41].qualifier_ui | Q000706 |
| mesh[41].descriptor_ui | D005389 |
| mesh[41].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[41].qualifier_name | statistics & numerical data |
| mesh[41].descriptor_name | Firearms |
| mesh[42].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[42].descriptor_ui | D008297 |
| mesh[42].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[42].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[42].descriptor_name | Male |
| mesh[43].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[43].descriptor_ui | D005260 |
| mesh[43].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[43].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[43].descriptor_name | Female |
| mesh[44].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[44].descriptor_ui | D003430 |
| mesh[44].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[44].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[44].descriptor_name | Cross-Sectional Studies |
| mesh[45].qualifier_ui | Q000523 |
| mesh[45].descriptor_ui | D010290 |
| mesh[45].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[45].qualifier_name | psychology |
| mesh[45].descriptor_name | Parents |
| mesh[46].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[46].descriptor_ui | D014481 |
| mesh[46].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[46].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[46].descriptor_name | United States |
| mesh[47].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[47].descriptor_ui | D000328 |
| mesh[47].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[47].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[47].descriptor_name | Adult |
| mesh[48].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[48].descriptor_ui | D005191 |
| mesh[48].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[48].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[48].descriptor_name | Family Characteristics |
| mesh[49].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[49].descriptor_ui | D011795 |
| mesh[49].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[49].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[49].descriptor_name | Surveys and Questionnaires |
| type | article |
| title | Parental Firearm Storage and Their Teens’ Perceived Firearm Access in US Households |
| biblio.issue | 6 |
| biblio.volume | 8 |
| biblio.last_page | e2514443 |
| biblio.first_page | e2514443 |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T12265 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Social Sciences |
| topics[0].score | 0.9998999834060669 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/2 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Social Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/3306 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Health |
| topics[0].display_name | Gun Ownership and Violence Research |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T10376 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/32 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Psychology |
| topics[1].score | 0.9984999895095825 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/2 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Social Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/3203 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Clinical Psychology |
| topics[1].display_name | Suicide and Self-Harm Studies |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T10574 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Social Sciences |
| topics[2].score | 0.972100019454956 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/2 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Social Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/3312 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Sociology and Political Science |
| topics[2].display_name | Crime Patterns and Interventions |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list.value | 3000 |
| apc_list.currency | USD |
| apc_list.value_usd | 3000 |
| apc_paid.value | 3000 |
| apc_paid.currency | USD |
| apc_paid.value_usd | 3000 |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C38652104 |
| concepts[0].level | 1 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.4071517586708069 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Computer security |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C545542383 |
| concepts[1].level | 1 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.4013745188713074 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Medical emergency |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C99454951 |
| concepts[2].level | 1 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.3827401399612427 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Environmental health |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C77595967 |
| concepts[3].level | 1 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.33642345666885376 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3151013 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Forensic engineering |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C144133560 |
| concepts[4].level | 0 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.33127355575561523 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Business |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C15744967 |
| concepts[5].level | 0 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.32655471563339233 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Psychology |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C41008148 |
| concepts[6].level | 0 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.27616482973098755 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Computer science |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C71924100 |
| concepts[7].level | 0 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.2565764784812927 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Medicine |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C127413603 |
| concepts[8].level | 0 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.22492939233779907 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Engineering |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security |
| keywords[0].score | 0.4071517586708069 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Computer security |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-emergency |
| keywords[1].score | 0.4013745188713074 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Medical emergency |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-health |
| keywords[2].score | 0.3827401399612427 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Environmental health |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/forensic-engineering |
| keywords[3].score | 0.33642345666885376 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Forensic engineering |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/business |
| keywords[4].score | 0.33127355575561523 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Business |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology |
| keywords[5].score | 0.32655471563339233 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Psychology |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science |
| keywords[6].score | 0.27616482973098755 |
| keywords[6].display_name | Computer science |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine |
| keywords[7].score | 0.2565764784812927 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Medicine |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering |
| keywords[8].score | 0.22492939233779907 |
| keywords[8].display_name | Engineering |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.14443 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4210217848 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 2574-3805 |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 2574-3805 |
| locations[0].source.is_core | True |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | True |
| locations[0].source.display_name | JAMA Network Open |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310320259 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | American Medical Association |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310320259 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage_names | American Medical Association |
| locations[0].license | cc-by |
| locations[0].pdf_url | https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/articlepdf/2835160/hastings_2025_oi_250477_1748961721.77902.pdf |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | JAMA Network Open |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.14443 |
| locations[1].id | pmid:40493368 |
| locations[1].is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306525036 |
| locations[1].source.issn | |
| locations[1].source.type | repository |
| locations[1].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.issn_l | |
| locations[1].source.is_core | False |
| locations[1].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[1].source.display_name | PubMed |
| locations[1].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].license | |
| locations[1].pdf_url | |
| locations[1].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[1].raw_type | |
| locations[1].license_id | |
| locations[1].is_accepted | True |
| locations[1].is_published | True |
| locations[1].raw_source_name | JAMA network open |
| locations[1].landing_page_url | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40493368 |
| locations[2].id | pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12152701 |
| locations[2].is_oa | True |
| locations[2].source.id | https://openalex.org/S2764455111 |
| locations[2].source.issn | |
| locations[2].source.type | repository |
| locations[2].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[2].source.issn_l | |
| locations[2].source.is_core | False |
| locations[2].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[2].source.display_name | PubMed Central |
| locations[2].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[2].license | other-oa |
| locations[2].pdf_url | |
| locations[2].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[2].raw_type | Text |
| locations[2].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa |
| locations[2].is_accepted | False |
| locations[2].is_published | False |
| locations[2].raw_source_name | JAMA Netw Open |
| locations[2].landing_page_url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12152701 |
| indexed_in | crossref, doaj, pubmed |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5029096199 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4880-2411 |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Katherine Hastings |
| authorships[0].countries | CA, US |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I27837315 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Institute for Firearm Injury Prevention, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor |
| authorships[0].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I141945490 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I141945490 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03rmrcq20 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I141945490, https://openalex.org/I4210128534, https://openalex.org/I4210135497, https://openalex.org/I4387154919 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | CA |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | University of British Columbia |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I27837315 |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/00jmfr291 |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].type | education |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I27837315 |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].country_code | US |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].display_name | University of Michigan |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Katherine G. Hastings |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | Institute for Firearm Injury Prevention, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5005149672 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Patrick M. Carter |
| authorships[1].countries | US |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I27837315 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I27837315 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00jmfr291 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I27837315 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | University of Michigan |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Patrick M. Carter |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5040750576 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5064-4259 |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Marc A. Zimmerman |
| authorships[2].countries | US |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I27837315 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I27837315 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00jmfr291 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I27837315 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | University of Michigan |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Marc Zimmerman |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5001289204 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3892-2337 |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | Rebeccah L. Sokol |
| authorships[3].countries | US |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I27837315 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I27837315 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00jmfr291 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I27837315 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name | University of Michigan |
| authorships[3].author_position | last |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | Rebeccah Sokol |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings | School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor |
| has_content.pdf | True |
| has_content.grobid_xml | True |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/articlepdf/2835160/hastings_2025_oi_250477_1748961721.77902.pdf |
| open_access.oa_status | gold |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | Parental Firearm Storage and Their Teens’ Perceived Firearm Access in US Households |
| has_fulltext | True |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T12265 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Social Sciences |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9998999834060669 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/2 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Social Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/3306 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Health |
| primary_topic.display_name | Gun Ownership and Violence Research |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W4391375266, https://openalex.org/W4323341852, https://openalex.org/W2896677295, https://openalex.org/W2765153054, https://openalex.org/W2596173151, https://openalex.org/W3213789065, https://openalex.org/W3080576469, https://openalex.org/W2753638813, https://openalex.org/W4231340554, https://openalex.org/W1491839574 |
| cited_by_count | 3 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2025 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 3 |
| locations_count | 3 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.14443 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S4210217848 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | 2574-3805 |
| best_oa_location.source.type | journal |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | 2574-3805 |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | True |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | JAMA Network Open |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310320259 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | American Medical Association |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310320259 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | American Medical Association |
| best_oa_location.license | cc-by |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/articlepdf/2835160/hastings_2025_oi_250477_1748961721.77902.pdf |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | JAMA Network Open |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.14443 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.14443 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S4210217848 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 2574-3805 |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 2574-3805 |
| primary_location.source.is_core | True |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| primary_location.source.display_name | JAMA Network Open |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310320259 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | American Medical Association |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310320259 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | American Medical Association |
| primary_location.license | cc-by |
| primary_location.pdf_url | https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/articlepdf/2835160/hastings_2025_oi_250477_1748961721.77902.pdf |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | JAMA Network Open |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.14443 |
| publication_date | 2025-06-10 |
| publication_year | 2025 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W4223973327, https://openalex.org/W4224286732, https://openalex.org/W2016240296, https://openalex.org/W4381988743, https://openalex.org/W1973396848, https://openalex.org/W4210806162, https://openalex.org/W2301422081, https://openalex.org/W2944962020, https://openalex.org/W2064344057, https://openalex.org/W4402443423, https://openalex.org/W4322757858, https://openalex.org/W4381416781, https://openalex.org/W2275737843, https://openalex.org/W3040803118, https://openalex.org/W3134837236, https://openalex.org/W2164880413, https://openalex.org/W2154204770, https://openalex.org/W2080673930, https://openalex.org/W4226144166, https://openalex.org/W4226252558 |
| referenced_works_count | 20 |
| abstract_inverted_index.1 | 294, 430 |
| abstract_inverted_index.4 | 263 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 76, 354, 378 |
| abstract_inverted_index.14 | 65 |
| abstract_inverted_index.18 | 67 |
| abstract_inverted_index.To | 30 |
| abstract_inverted_index.US | 58, 319 |
| abstract_inverted_index.as | 103 |
| abstract_inverted_index.at | 292, 428 |
| abstract_inverted_index.be | 377 |
| abstract_inverted_index.by | 128, 171 |
| abstract_inverted_index.if | 427 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 100, 150, 311, 318, 356 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 57, 79, 97, 145, 219, 304, 327, 336, 349, 381, 387 |
| abstract_inverted_index.on | 398 |
| abstract_inverted_index.or | 115, 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 24, 44, 66, 91, 192, 202, 288, 316, 353 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vs | 179 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(1) | 104 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(2) | 106 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(3) | 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(4) | 113 |
| abstract_inverted_index.21% | 84 |
| abstract_inverted_index.31% | 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.487 | 211 |
| abstract_inverted_index.95% | 237, 243, 253, 259, 280, 299, 323 |
| abstract_inverted_index.All | 262 |
| abstract_inverted_index.CI, | 238, 244, 254, 260, 281, 300, 324, 347 |
| abstract_inverted_index.May | 92 |
| abstract_inverted_index.The | 95, 181, 215, 302 |
| abstract_inverted_index.all | 359 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 5, 40, 48, 61, 72, 83, 110, 112, 119, 126, 133, 155, 159, 163, 169, 176, 221, 226, 240, 246, 256, 332, 364, 367, 392, 400, 414 |
| abstract_inverted_index.but | 283 |
| abstract_inverted_index.can | 412 |
| abstract_inverted_index.for | 81, 85 |
| abstract_inverted_index.low | 341 |
| abstract_inverted_index.may | 21, 376, 404, 422 |
| abstract_inverted_index.not | 405, 423 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 32, 101, 140, 143, 184, 194, 199, 309 |
| abstract_inverted_index.was | 339 |
| abstract_inverted_index.who | 290 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(95% | 346 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(OR, | 297 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(SE) | 217 |
| abstract_inverted_index.16.0 | 227 |
| abstract_inverted_index.46.6 | 224 |
| abstract_inverted_index.July | 73 |
| abstract_inverted_index.June | 71 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Main | 117 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Most | 231 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Teen | 121 |
| abstract_inverted_index.This | 50, 369 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ages | 218 |
| abstract_inverted_index.best | 200, 310 |
| abstract_inverted_index.data | 56 |
| abstract_inverted_index.dyad | 213 |
| abstract_inverted_index.each | 151 |
| abstract_inverted_index.load | 415 |
| abstract_inverted_index.male | 235 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mean | 216 |
| abstract_inverted_index.most | 247 |
| abstract_inverted_index.poor | 379 |
| abstract_inverted_index.rate | 78 |
| abstract_inverted_index.risk | 9 |
| abstract_inverted_index.teen | 19, 26, 41, 129, 164, 172, 204, 248, 272, 313, 328, 382, 388, 425 |
| abstract_inverted_index.that | 372, 410 |
| abstract_inverted_index.they | 411 |
| abstract_inverted_index.this | 337 |
| abstract_inverted_index.used | 53, 191 |
| abstract_inverted_index.were | 88, 190, 223, 234, 250, 268, 361 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 18, 75, 198, 270 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(aged | 64 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(odds | 276 |
| abstract_inverted_index.2020, | 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.2024. | 93 |
| abstract_inverted_index.36.3% | 345 |
| abstract_inverted_index.65.7; | 322 |
| abstract_inverted_index.White | 241, 257 |
| abstract_inverted_index.[OR], | 278 |
| abstract_inverted_index.after | 286 |
| abstract_inverted_index.among | 10 |
| abstract_inverted_index.areas | 182 |
| abstract_inverted_index.fatal | 4 |
| abstract_inverted_index.found | 371 |
| abstract_inverted_index.fully | 406 |
| abstract_inverted_index.least | 293, 429 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ratio | 277 |
| abstract_inverted_index.state | 153 |
| abstract_inverted_index.study | 52, 370 |
| abstract_inverted_index.teens | 63, 222, 350 |
| abstract_inverted_index.their | 62 |
| abstract_inverted_index.those | 289 |
| abstract_inverted_index.under | 183 |
| abstract_inverted_index.where | 358 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(0.12) | 228 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(0.80) | 225 |
| abstract_inverted_index.access | 2, 20, 43, 275, 315, 352, 413, 426 |
| abstract_inverted_index.curves | 188 |
| abstract_inverted_index.female | 251 |
| abstract_inverted_index.inform | 22 |
| abstract_inverted_index.injury | 8 |
| abstract_inverted_index.locked | 363, 399 |
| abstract_inverted_index.negate | 407 |
| abstract_inverted_index.number | 96, 144, 303 |
| abstract_inverted_index.parent | 232 |
| abstract_inverted_index.safety | 396 |
| abstract_inverted_index.stored | 99, 291, 306, 362 |
| abstract_inverted_index.survey | 55 |
| abstract_inverted_index.teens. | 11, 86 |
| abstract_inverted_index.years) | 68 |
| abstract_inverted_index.years, | 229 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(55.7%; | 252 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(58.1%; | 236 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(69.5%; | 258 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(73.5%; | 242 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(AUROC) | 189 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(AUROC, | 321 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(range, | 342 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Design, | 46 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Firearm | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.January | 90 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Results | 208 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Storing | 418 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ability | 201 |
| abstract_inverted_index.access, | 124, 167, 385 |
| abstract_inverted_index.access. | 207 |
| abstract_inverted_index.between | 34, 70, 142 |
| abstract_inverted_index.efforts | 23, 397 |
| abstract_inverted_index.examine | 31 |
| abstract_inverted_index.firearm | 7, 14, 27, 37, 123, 166, 195, 206, 265, 274, 295, 355, 374, 384, 402, 432 |
| abstract_inverted_index.gender, | 130, 173, 329, 389 |
| abstract_inverted_index.greater | 271 |
| abstract_inverted_index.loaded) | 162 |
| abstract_inverted_index.loaded, | 107, 111, 156, 158 |
| abstract_inverted_index.loaded. | 116 |
| abstract_inverted_index.measure | 338 |
| abstract_inverted_index.overall | 125, 168 |
| abstract_inverted_index.parents | 60, 82, 147, 220 |
| abstract_inverted_index.prevent | 25, 424 |
| abstract_inverted_index.remains | 433 |
| abstract_inverted_index.storage | 15, 38, 196, 266, 375, 403 |
| abstract_inverted_index.storing | 149 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Analyses | 87, 209 |
| abstract_inverted_index.However, | 334 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Measures | 120 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Outcomes | 118 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Setting, | 47 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Strictly | 394 |
| abstract_inverted_index.analyses | 138 |
| abstract_inverted_index.assessed | 139 |
| abstract_inverted_index.estimate | 203 |
| abstract_inverted_index.firearms | 98, 146, 305, 317, 360, 420 |
| abstract_inverted_index.focusing | 395 |
| abstract_inverted_index.identify | 193 |
| abstract_inverted_index.included | 210 |
| abstract_inverted_index.logistic | 136 |
| abstract_inverted_index.national | 54 |
| abstract_inverted_index.nonfatal | 6 |
| abstract_inverted_index.parental | 13, 131, 174, 330, 390 |
| abstract_inverted_index.receiver | 185 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reported | 148, 351 |
| abstract_inverted_index.response | 77 |
| abstract_inverted_index.securely | 421 |
| abstract_inverted_index.surveyed | 69 |
| abstract_inverted_index.teen’s | 408 |
| abstract_inverted_index.unloaded | 401 |
| abstract_inverted_index.unlocked | 109, 114, 160, 307 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(unlocked | 154 |
| abstract_inverted_index.42%-64%). | 343 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Exposures | 94 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Objective | 29 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Relevance | 368 |
| abstract_inverted_index.behaviors | 16, 39, 197, 267 |
| abstract_inverted_index.conducted | 89 |
| abstract_inverted_index.estimator | 380 |
| abstract_inverted_index.firearms. | 45, 417 |
| abstract_inverted_index.household | 36, 102, 416, 431 |
| abstract_inverted_index.increases | 3 |
| abstract_inverted_index.injuries. | 28 |
| abstract_inverted_index.operating | 186 |
| abstract_inverted_index.perceived | 42, 122, 165, 205, 273, 314, 383 |
| abstract_inverted_index.performed | 308 |
| abstract_inverted_index.unloaded. | 365 |
| abstract_inverted_index.unlocked, | 105, 157 |
| abstract_inverted_index.unlocked. | 434 |
| abstract_inverted_index.unsecured | 152, 264, 296 |
| abstract_inverted_index.0.99-1.18; | 298 |
| abstract_inverted_index.1.27-1.44; | 279 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Importance | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.additional | 419 |
| abstract_inverted_index.associated | 17, 269 |
| abstract_inverted_index.education, | 132, 175, 331, 391 |
| abstract_inverted_index.estimating | 312 |
| abstract_inverted_index.households | 320, 357 |
| abstract_inverted_index.regardless | 326, 386 |
| abstract_inverted_index.regression | 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.stratified | 127, 170 |
| abstract_inverted_index.urbanicity | 177 |
| abstract_inverted_index.0.67-1.89). | 301 |
| abstract_inverted_index.0.99-2.10), | 282 |
| abstract_inverted_index.61.4-70.1), | 325 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Conclusions | 366 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Identifying | 12 |
| abstract_inverted_index.disappeared | 285 |
| abstract_inverted_index.parent-teen | 212 |
| abstract_inverted_index.perceptions | 409 |
| abstract_inverted_index.respondents | 233, 249 |
| abstract_inverted_index.restricting | 287 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sensitivity | 335 |
| abstract_inverted_index.universally | 340 |
| abstract_inverted_index.urbanicity. | 134, 333, 393 |
| abstract_inverted_index.23.6%-49.0%) | 348 |
| abstract_inverted_index.47.8%-63.6%) | 255 |
| abstract_inverted_index.50.3%-65.8%) | 239 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Participants | 49 |
| abstract_inverted_index.associations | 33, 141, 284 |
| abstract_inverted_index.respondents. | 214 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(metropolitan | 178 |
| abstract_inverted_index.61.8%-77.2%). | 261 |
| abstract_inverted_index.66.1%-80.9%), | 245 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Additionally, | 344 |
| abstract_inverted_index.respectively. | 230 |
| abstract_inverted_index.characteristic | 187 |
| abstract_inverted_index.firearm-owning | 59 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Survey-weighted | 135 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cross-sectional | 51 |
| abstract_inverted_index.parent-reported | 35, 373 |
| abstract_inverted_index.nonmetropolitan). | 180 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 97 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 96 |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5029096199 |
| countries_distinct_count | 2 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 4 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I141945490, https://openalex.org/I27837315 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.98183026 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | True |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | True |