Performance Enhancement Techniques in Humidification–Dehumidification Desalination Systems: A Detailed Review Article Swipe
Ali Mahmoudi
,
Mohammad Sadegh Valipour
,
Saman Rashidi
·
YOU?
·
· 2024
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-024-13489-7
YOU?
·
· 2024
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-024-13489-7
Desalination has emerged as a vital solution to tackle global water scarcity, and among various desalination methods, the humidification–dehumidification cycle has garnered significant attention. This study provides a detailed review of performance enhancement techniques utilized in the humidification–dehumidification desalination systems. The review highlights previous studies conducted in this area. The humidification–dehumidification cycle, its working principles, and its advantages and drawbacks are then thoroughly discussed, establishing the groundwork for comprehending the significance of performance improvement strategies. The investigated techniques for multiple facets of the humidification–dehumidification cycle are multistage humidification–dehumidification, bubble columns, phase change materials, nanofluid application, variable pressure humidification–dehumidification, ultrasonic, and other techniques such as thermoelectric application, rotating belt, multiple insert, air saturator, fogging, and desiccant wheel. Through an extensive analysis of existing studies, the review summarizes the key findings of each technique, including improvements in system efficiency, freshwater production rates, heat and mass transfer rates, thermal energy storage, and reduced fouling. The findings provide valuable insights for researchers and practitioners, facilitating the selection and implementation of the most suitable techniques to achieve sustainable and efficient water desalination.
Related Topics
Concepts
Metadata
- Type
- review
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-024-13489-7
- OA Status
- hybrid
- Cited By
- 8
- References
- 101
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4401322312
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W4401322312Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-024-13489-7Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Performance Enhancement Techniques in Humidification–Dehumidification Desalination Systems: A Detailed ReviewWork title
- Type
-
reviewOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2024Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2024-08-05Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Ali Mahmoudi, Mohammad Sadegh Valipour, Saman RashidiList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-024-13489-7Publisher landing page
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
hybridOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-024-13489-7Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Desalination, Process engineering, Materials science, Environmental science, Chemical engineering, Engineering, Chemistry, Membrane, BiochemistryTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
8Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 5, 2024: 3Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
101Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W4401322312 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-024-13489-7 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-024-13489-7 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W4401322312 |
| fwci | 1.46861851 |
| type | review |
| title | Performance Enhancement Techniques in Humidification–Dehumidification Desalination Systems: A Detailed Review |
| biblio.issue | 11 |
| biblio.volume | 150 |
| biblio.last_page | 8442 |
| biblio.first_page | 8413 |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T12008 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/21 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Energy |
| topics[0].score | 0.9998999834060669 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2105 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment |
| topics[0].display_name | Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T10197 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/23 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Environmental Science |
| topics[1].score | 0.9991999864578247 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2312 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Water Science and Technology |
| topics[1].display_name | Membrane Separation Technologies |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T12074 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/22 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Engineering |
| topics[2].score | 0.989799976348877 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2204 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Biomedical Engineering |
| topics[2].display_name | Membrane-based Ion Separation Techniques |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list.value | 2790 |
| apc_list.currency | EUR |
| apc_list.value_usd | 3590 |
| apc_paid.value | 2790 |
| apc_paid.currency | EUR |
| apc_paid.value_usd | 3590 |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C2776870568 |
| concepts[0].level | 3 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.7827252149581909 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190873 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Desalination |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C21880701 |
| concepts[1].level | 1 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.499894380569458 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2144042 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Process engineering |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C192562407 |
| concepts[2].level | 0 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.4358063340187073 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Materials science |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C39432304 |
| concepts[3].level | 0 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.36101600527763367 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Environmental science |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C42360764 |
| concepts[4].level | 1 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.3208996653556824 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Chemical engineering |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C127413603 |
| concepts[5].level | 0 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.27747297286987305 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Engineering |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C185592680 |
| concepts[6].level | 0 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.26814401149749756 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Chemistry |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C41625074 |
| concepts[7].level | 2 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.09944373369216919 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176088 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Membrane |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C55493867 |
| concepts[8].level | 1 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Biochemistry |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/desalination |
| keywords[0].score | 0.7827252149581909 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Desalination |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/process-engineering |
| keywords[1].score | 0.499894380569458 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Process engineering |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science |
| keywords[2].score | 0.4358063340187073 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Materials science |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science |
| keywords[3].score | 0.36101600527763367 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Environmental science |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/chemical-engineering |
| keywords[4].score | 0.3208996653556824 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Chemical engineering |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering |
| keywords[5].score | 0.27747297286987305 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Engineering |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry |
| keywords[6].score | 0.26814401149749756 |
| keywords[6].display_name | Chemistry |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/membrane |
| keywords[7].score | 0.09944373369216919 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Membrane |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.1007/s10973-024-13489-7 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S58867329 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 1388-6150, 1588-2926 |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 1388-6150 |
| locations[0].source.is_core | True |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[0].source.display_name | Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310319900 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | Springer Science+Business Media |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310319900, https://openalex.org/P4310319965 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage_names | Springer Science+Business Media, Springer Nature |
| locations[0].license | cc-by-nc-sa |
| locations[0].pdf_url | |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-024-13489-7 |
| indexed_in | crossref |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5024342810 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2033-3377 |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Ali Mahmoudi |
| authorships[0].countries | IR |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I928334797 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I928334797 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/029gksw03 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I928334797 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | IR |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | Semnan University |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Ali Mahmoudi |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5042400425 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3500-4576 |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Mohammad Sadegh Valipour |
| authorships[1].countries | IR |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I928334797 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I928334797 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/029gksw03 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I928334797 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | IR |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | Semnan University |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Mohammad Sadegh Valipour |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5058072900 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6266-920X |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Saman Rashidi |
| authorships[2].countries | IR |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I928334797 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Energy, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I928334797 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/029gksw03 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I928334797 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | IR |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | Semnan University |
| authorships[2].author_position | last |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Saman Rashidi |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Energy, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran |
| has_content.pdf | False |
| has_content.grobid_xml | False |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-024-13489-7 |
| open_access.oa_status | hybrid |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | Performance Enhancement Techniques in Humidification–Dehumidification Desalination Systems: A Detailed Review |
| has_fulltext | False |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T12008 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/21 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Energy |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9998999834060669 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2105 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment |
| primary_topic.display_name | Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W2748952813, https://openalex.org/W2333663177, https://openalex.org/W2038584895, https://openalex.org/W4246450666, https://openalex.org/W4388998267, https://openalex.org/W2898370298, https://openalex.org/W4309382719, https://openalex.org/W2137437058, https://openalex.org/W3089174036, https://openalex.org/W4200452277 |
| cited_by_count | 8 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2025 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 5 |
| counts_by_year[1].year | 2024 |
| counts_by_year[1].cited_by_count | 3 |
| locations_count | 1 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.1007/s10973-024-13489-7 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S58867329 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | 1388-6150, 1588-2926 |
| best_oa_location.source.type | journal |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | False |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | 1388-6150 |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | True |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310319900 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | Springer Science+Business Media |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310319900, https://openalex.org/P4310319965 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Springer Science+Business Media, Springer Nature |
| best_oa_location.license | cc-by-nc-sa |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-024-13489-7 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.1007/s10973-024-13489-7 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S58867329 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 1388-6150, 1588-2926 |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | False |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 1388-6150 |
| primary_location.source.is_core | True |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| primary_location.source.display_name | Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310319900 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | Springer Science+Business Media |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310319900, https://openalex.org/P4310319965 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Springer Science+Business Media, Springer Nature |
| primary_location.license | cc-by-nc-sa |
| primary_location.pdf_url | |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-024-13489-7 |
| publication_date | 2024-08-05 |
| publication_year | 2024 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W1782464736, https://openalex.org/W2794024265, https://openalex.org/W4388742835, https://openalex.org/W2896450573, https://openalex.org/W2075676482, https://openalex.org/W2905091597, https://openalex.org/W4384163166, https://openalex.org/W3109086675, https://openalex.org/W3019858208, https://openalex.org/W4229012121, https://openalex.org/W2791725648, https://openalex.org/W3136083160, https://openalex.org/W2591997260, https://openalex.org/W2038411747, https://openalex.org/W3092049429, https://openalex.org/W6944987464, https://openalex.org/W2781983408, https://openalex.org/W3135910422, https://openalex.org/W4393031596, https://openalex.org/W2996106185, https://openalex.org/W3005317162, https://openalex.org/W2896075227, https://openalex.org/W4396571607, https://openalex.org/W4292834824, https://openalex.org/W4226170731, https://openalex.org/W4284668978, https://openalex.org/W2769149369, https://openalex.org/W1982242733, https://openalex.org/W3009745172, https://openalex.org/W6926362942, https://openalex.org/W2977486578, https://openalex.org/W2049531502, https://openalex.org/W2606577704, https://openalex.org/W1997484458, https://openalex.org/W2006070970, https://openalex.org/W2061646373, https://openalex.org/W3047522638, https://openalex.org/W2585955271, https://openalex.org/W2007051654, https://openalex.org/W2757722683, https://openalex.org/W2974020566, https://openalex.org/W2004384408, https://openalex.org/W2956106696, https://openalex.org/W3035119270, https://openalex.org/W3011791075, https://openalex.org/W3032965333, https://openalex.org/W2051026896, https://openalex.org/W2223765904, https://openalex.org/W4205412934, https://openalex.org/W4308151348, https://openalex.org/W2055118403, https://openalex.org/W2043640974, https://openalex.org/W2050769138, https://openalex.org/W3134446809, https://openalex.org/W2762285361, https://openalex.org/W2275413797, https://openalex.org/W1993747654, https://openalex.org/W2192087952, https://openalex.org/W2605412487, https://openalex.org/W2156231221, https://openalex.org/W2173483078, https://openalex.org/W2592632355, https://openalex.org/W2529473369, https://openalex.org/W842987766, https://openalex.org/W2474622327, https://openalex.org/W2606806618, https://openalex.org/W2546497717, https://openalex.org/W2605311424, https://openalex.org/W3015737013, https://openalex.org/W3110140787, https://openalex.org/W3082336666, https://openalex.org/W1979867685, https://openalex.org/W2962371503, https://openalex.org/W3164461442, https://openalex.org/W2896725175, https://openalex.org/W4224302038, https://openalex.org/W2810565598, https://openalex.org/W3005265606, https://openalex.org/W2299156006, https://openalex.org/W2885383750, https://openalex.org/W2795580703, https://openalex.org/W2583560777, https://openalex.org/W2961221471, https://openalex.org/W2020190451, https://openalex.org/W3008346113, https://openalex.org/W4200109225, https://openalex.org/W2981522379, https://openalex.org/W3215677799, https://openalex.org/W3197092748, https://openalex.org/W3048883874, https://openalex.org/W3192761506, https://openalex.org/W3088713303, https://openalex.org/W2929533111, https://openalex.org/W2997393514, https://openalex.org/W2550110283, https://openalex.org/W1987867030, https://openalex.org/W2801638700, https://openalex.org/W2813231901, https://openalex.org/W2510350912, https://openalex.org/W3209009380, https://openalex.org/W2626760471 |
| referenced_works_count | 101 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 4, 27 |
| abstract_inverted_index.an | 117 |
| abstract_inverted_index.as | 3, 103 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 35, 46, 134 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 30, 71, 81, 120, 129, 165 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 7, 170 |
| abstract_inverted_index.The | 40, 49, 75, 151 |
| abstract_inverted_index.air | 110 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 12, 55, 58, 99, 113, 141, 148, 158, 163, 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.are | 60, 85 |
| abstract_inverted_index.for | 67, 78, 156 |
| abstract_inverted_index.has | 1, 20 |
| abstract_inverted_index.its | 52, 56 |
| abstract_inverted_index.key | 127 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 17, 36, 65, 69, 82, 123, 126, 161, 166 |
| abstract_inverted_index.This | 24 |
| abstract_inverted_index.each | 130 |
| abstract_inverted_index.heat | 140 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mass | 142 |
| abstract_inverted_index.most | 167 |
| abstract_inverted_index.such | 102 |
| abstract_inverted_index.then | 61 |
| abstract_inverted_index.this | 47 |
| abstract_inverted_index.among | 13 |
| abstract_inverted_index.area. | 48 |
| abstract_inverted_index.belt, | 107 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cycle | 19, 84 |
| abstract_inverted_index.other | 100 |
| abstract_inverted_index.phase | 90 |
| abstract_inverted_index.study | 25 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vital | 5 |
| abstract_inverted_index.water | 10, 175 |
| abstract_inverted_index.bubble | 88 |
| abstract_inverted_index.change | 91 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cycle, | 51 |
| abstract_inverted_index.energy | 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.facets | 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.global | 9 |
| abstract_inverted_index.rates, | 139, 144 |
| abstract_inverted_index.review | 29, 41, 124 |
| abstract_inverted_index.system | 135 |
| abstract_inverted_index.tackle | 8 |
| abstract_inverted_index.wheel. | 115 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Through | 116 |
| abstract_inverted_index.achieve | 171 |
| abstract_inverted_index.emerged | 2 |
| abstract_inverted_index.insert, | 109 |
| abstract_inverted_index.provide | 153 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reduced | 149 |
| abstract_inverted_index.studies | 44 |
| abstract_inverted_index.thermal | 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.various | 14 |
| abstract_inverted_index.working | 53 |
| abstract_inverted_index.analysis | 119 |
| abstract_inverted_index.columns, | 89 |
| abstract_inverted_index.detailed | 28 |
| abstract_inverted_index.existing | 121 |
| abstract_inverted_index.findings | 128, 152 |
| abstract_inverted_index.fogging, | 112 |
| abstract_inverted_index.fouling. | 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.garnered | 21 |
| abstract_inverted_index.insights | 155 |
| abstract_inverted_index.methods, | 16 |
| abstract_inverted_index.multiple | 79, 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pressure | 96 |
| abstract_inverted_index.previous | 43 |
| abstract_inverted_index.provides | 26 |
| abstract_inverted_index.rotating | 106 |
| abstract_inverted_index.solution | 6 |
| abstract_inverted_index.storage, | 147 |
| abstract_inverted_index.studies, | 122 |
| abstract_inverted_index.suitable | 168 |
| abstract_inverted_index.systems. | 39 |
| abstract_inverted_index.transfer | 143 |
| abstract_inverted_index.utilized | 34 |
| abstract_inverted_index.valuable | 154 |
| abstract_inverted_index.variable | 95 |
| abstract_inverted_index.conducted | 45 |
| abstract_inverted_index.desiccant | 114 |
| abstract_inverted_index.drawbacks | 59 |
| abstract_inverted_index.efficient | 174 |
| abstract_inverted_index.extensive | 118 |
| abstract_inverted_index.including | 132 |
| abstract_inverted_index.nanofluid | 93 |
| abstract_inverted_index.scarcity, | 11 |
| abstract_inverted_index.selection | 162 |
| abstract_inverted_index.advantages | 57 |
| abstract_inverted_index.attention. | 23 |
| abstract_inverted_index.discussed, | 63 |
| abstract_inverted_index.freshwater | 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.groundwork | 66 |
| abstract_inverted_index.highlights | 42 |
| abstract_inverted_index.materials, | 92 |
| abstract_inverted_index.multistage | 86 |
| abstract_inverted_index.production | 138 |
| abstract_inverted_index.saturator, | 111 |
| abstract_inverted_index.summarizes | 125 |
| abstract_inverted_index.technique, | 131 |
| abstract_inverted_index.techniques | 33, 77, 101, 169 |
| abstract_inverted_index.thoroughly | 62 |
| abstract_inverted_index.efficiency, | 136 |
| abstract_inverted_index.enhancement | 32 |
| abstract_inverted_index.improvement | 73 |
| abstract_inverted_index.performance | 31, 72 |
| abstract_inverted_index.principles, | 54 |
| abstract_inverted_index.researchers | 157 |
| abstract_inverted_index.significant | 22 |
| abstract_inverted_index.strategies. | 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sustainable | 172 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ultrasonic, | 98 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Desalination | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.application, | 94, 105 |
| abstract_inverted_index.desalination | 15, 38 |
| abstract_inverted_index.establishing | 64 |
| abstract_inverted_index.facilitating | 160 |
| abstract_inverted_index.improvements | 133 |
| abstract_inverted_index.investigated | 76 |
| abstract_inverted_index.significance | 70 |
| abstract_inverted_index.comprehending | 68 |
| abstract_inverted_index.desalination. | 176 |
| abstract_inverted_index.implementation | 164 |
| abstract_inverted_index.practitioners, | 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.thermoelectric | 104 |
| abstract_inverted_index.humidification–dehumidification | 18, 37, 50, 83 |
| abstract_inverted_index.humidification–dehumidification, | 87, 97 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 98 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 96 |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 3 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.41999998688697815 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Climate action |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.74853401 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | False |