This research investigates the performance of a vapor compression refrigeration system (VCRS) using different condenser cooling mediums: air, water, and nanofluid containing 0.02% (v/v) titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles in water as base fluid. The primary objective is to comprehensively evaluate and compare the performance of these condenser types within the VCRS, aiming to identify the most efficient and eco-friendly condenser cooling medium. The research also explored different mass flow rates of air velocit…