Pre-Existing Allergic Inflammation Alters Both Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses in Mice Co-Infected with Influenza Virus Article Swipe
Dan Li
,
A. van der Veen
,
Linsey E. S. de Groot
,
Marina H. de Jager
,
Andy Lan
,
Hoeke A. Baarsma
,
René Lutter
,
Kees van der Graaf
,
Reinoud Gosens
,
Martina Schmidt
,
Barbro N. Melgert
·
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26083483
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26083483
Asthma, a chronic airway disease, is marked by allergic inflammation, hyperresponsiveness, and tissue remodeling. Influenza infections in asthma patients can cause severe exacerbations, though the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated how pre-existing allergic inflammation affects immune responses to influenza infection in mice exposed to house dust mite (HDM). Mice were repeatedly exposed to HDM, followed by infection with the influenza A virus, and were sacrificed three days post-infection. Plasma was analyzed for HDM-specific immunoglobulins, while lung tissue was used for immune cell flow cytometry and RNA sequencing analysis. HDM exposure induced allergic inflammation, evidenced by more HDM-specific IgE, IgG1, IgG2, eosinophils, neutrophils, Th1, and Th17 cells compared to controls. Upon influenza infection, the effects of HDM and influenza co-infection interacted, showing fewer Th1 cells and regulatory T cells and more Th2 cells compared to mice exposed to the influenza virus alone. Interestingly, RNA-seq analysis revealed less upregulation of Th1-related genes and antiviral pathways in co-exposed mice, suggesting impaired Th1 immunity and antiviral responses. Pre-existing allergic inflammation significantly altered immune responses in mice co-infected with influenza, revealing underdeveloped antiviral responses as early as three days post-infection. These findings may explain the increased susceptibility of patients with asthma to severe viral diseases.
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Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26083483
- https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/26/8/3483/pdf?version=1744184632
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 1
- References
- 64
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4409304030
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- OpenAlex ID
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https://openalex.org/W4409304030Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26083483Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Pre-Existing Allergic Inflammation Alters Both Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses in Mice Co-Infected with Influenza VirusWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2025Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2025-04-08Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Dan Li, A. van der Veen, Linsey E. S. de Groot, Marina H. de Jager, Andy Lan, Hoeke A. Baarsma, René Lutter, Kees van der Graaf, Reinoud Gosens, Martina Schmidt, Barbro N. MelgertList of authors in order
- Landing page
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https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26083483Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
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https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/26/8/3483/pdf?version=1744184632Direct link to full text PDF
- Open access
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YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/26/8/3483/pdf?version=1744184632Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Immunology, Immune system, Inflammation, House dust mite, Allergic inflammation, Influenza A virus, Immunoglobulin E, Acquired immune system, Virus, Innate immune system, Antibody, Biology, MedicineTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
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1Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
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2025: 1Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
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64Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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| publication_date | 2025-04-08 |
| publication_year | 2025 |
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