Preferential boosting of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron lineage-specific immune responses by monovalent XBB.1.5 vaccination Article Swipe
Daryl Geers
,
Muriel Aguilar-Bretones
,
Luca M. Zaeck
,
Paul A. Gill
,
Cristina González‐López
,
Kim Handrejk
,
Ngoc H. Tan
,
Yvette den Hartog
,
Lennert Gommers
,
Susanne Bogers
,
Anna Z. Mykytyn
,
Roos S. G. Sablerolles
,
Abraham Goorhuis
,
Douwe F. Postma
,
Leo G. Visser
,
Virgil A. S. H. Dalm
,
Melvin Lafeber
,
Neeltje A. Kootstra
,
Debbie van Baarle
,
Bart L. Haagmans
,
Marion Koopmans
,
Corine H. GeurtsvanKessel
,
P.H.M. van der Kuy
,
Gijsbert P. van Nierop
,
Menno C. van Zelm
,
Rory D. de Vries
·
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.10.30.25339006
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.10.30.25339006
Ongoing escape from pre-existing antibodies by severe acute respiratory distress syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) necessitates yearly coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine updates for at-risk populations. Monovalent variant-specific booster vaccines, such as those for XBB.1.5, JN.1, and LP.8.1, aim to re-direct immune responses towards antigenically distinct variants; However, immune imprinting by multiple exposures to the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein can hinder the de novo induction of these immune responses. Here, we profiled the SARS-CoV-2-specific immune response in healthcare workers up to 6 months after monovalent XBB.1.5 vaccination. Memory T– and B-cell responses, and antibodies were boosted up to 6 months post-vaccination. Neutralizing antibodies targeting Omicron subvariants circulating at the time of vaccination were preferentially boosted by vaccination but remained lower than those targeting the ancestral strain. Similar responses were seen for antibodies that mediate functionality through antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, although these responses were more promiscuous. Broadly S-reactive B-cells were recalled with limited de novo induction of XBB.1.5-specific clones. Omicron RBD-directed B-cells targeting circulating subvariants were selected, and T-cell responses cross-reacted with all SARS-CoV-2 variants at 6 months post-vaccination. Combined, this comprehensive immune profiling demonstrates that despite evidence of imprinting, monovalent booster vaccination skews the immune response to Omicron lineage recognition.
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Metadata
- Type
- article
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.10.30.25339006
- https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2025/11/02/2025.10.30.25339006.full.pdf
- OA Status
- green
- References
- 35
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4415782098
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W4415782098Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.10.30.25339006Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Preferential boosting of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron lineage-specific immune responses by monovalent XBB.1.5 vaccinationWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Publication year
-
2025Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2025-11-02Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Daryl Geers, Muriel Aguilar-Bretones, Luca M. Zaeck, Paul A. Gill, Cristina González‐López, Kim Handrejk, Ngoc H. Tan, Yvette den Hartog, Lennert Gommers, Susanne Bogers, Anna Z. Mykytyn, Roos S. G. Sablerolles, Abraham Goorhuis, Douwe F. Postma, Leo G. Visser, Virgil A. S. H. Dalm, Melvin Lafeber, Neeltje A. Kootstra, Debbie van Baarle, Bart L. Haagmans, Marion Koopmans, Corine H. GeurtsvanKessel, P.H.M. van der Kuy, Gijsbert P. van Nierop, Menno C. van Zelm, Rory D. de VriesList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.10.30.25339006Publisher landing page
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-
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2025/11/02/2025.10.30.25339006.full.pdfDirect link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
greenOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2025/11/02/2025.10.30.25339006.full.pdfDirect OA link when available
- Cited by
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0Total citation count in OpenAlex
- References (count)
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35Number of works referenced by this work
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| abstract_inverted_index.mediate | 133 |
| abstract_inverted_index.protein | 58 |
| abstract_inverted_index.strain. | 125 |
| abstract_inverted_index.through | 135 |
| abstract_inverted_index.towards | 42 |
| abstract_inverted_index.updates | 21 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vaccine | 20 |
| abstract_inverted_index.workers | 78 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Abstract | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.However, | 46 |
| abstract_inverted_index.XBB.1.5, | 33 |
| abstract_inverted_index.although | 139 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cellular | 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.distinct | 44 |
| abstract_inverted_index.distress | 10 |
| abstract_inverted_index.evidence | 186 |
| abstract_inverted_index.multiple | 50 |
| abstract_inverted_index.profiled | 71 |
| abstract_inverted_index.recalled | 149 |
| abstract_inverted_index.remained | 118 |
| abstract_inverted_index.response | 75, 195 |
| abstract_inverted_index.syndrome | 11 |
| abstract_inverted_index.variants | 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Combined, | 178 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ancestral | 54, 124 |
| abstract_inverted_index.exposures | 51 |
| abstract_inverted_index.induction | 64, 154 |
| abstract_inverted_index.profiling | 182 |
| abstract_inverted_index.re-direct | 39 |
| abstract_inverted_index.responses | 41, 127, 141, 168 |
| abstract_inverted_index.selected, | 165 |
| abstract_inverted_index.targeting | 103, 122, 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vaccines, | 28 |
| abstract_inverted_index.variants; | 45 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(COVID-19) | 19 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Monovalent | 25 |
| abstract_inverted_index.S-reactive | 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.SARS-CoV-2 | 55, 172 |
| abstract_inverted_index.antibodies | 5, 93, 102, 131 |
| abstract_inverted_index.healthcare | 77 |
| abstract_inverted_index.imprinting | 48 |
| abstract_inverted_index.monovalent | 84, 189 |
| abstract_inverted_index.responses, | 91 |
| abstract_inverted_index.responses. | 68 |
| abstract_inverted_index.circulating | 106, 162 |
| abstract_inverted_index.coronavirus | 16 |
| abstract_inverted_index.imprinting, | 188 |
| abstract_inverted_index.respiratory | 9 |
| abstract_inverted_index.subvariants | 105, 163 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vaccination | 111, 116, 191 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(SARS-CoV-2) | 13 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Neutralizing | 101 |
| abstract_inverted_index.RBD-directed | 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.demonstrates | 183 |
| abstract_inverted_index.necessitates | 14 |
| abstract_inverted_index.populations. | 24 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pre-existing | 4 |
| abstract_inverted_index.promiscuous. | 144 |
| abstract_inverted_index.recognition. | 199 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vaccination. | 86 |
| abstract_inverted_index.antigenically | 43 |
| abstract_inverted_index.comprehensive | 180 |
| abstract_inverted_index.coronavirus-2 | 12 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cross-reacted | 169 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cytotoxicity, | 138 |
| abstract_inverted_index.functionality | 134 |
| abstract_inverted_index.preferentially | 113 |
| abstract_inverted_index.XBB.1.5-specific | 156 |
| abstract_inverted_index.variant-specific | 26 |
| abstract_inverted_index.post-vaccination. | 100, 177 |
| abstract_inverted_index.antibody-dependent | 136 |
| abstract_inverted_index.SARS-CoV-2-specific | 73 |
| cited_by_percentile_year | |
| countries_distinct_count | 0 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 26 |
| citation_normalized_percentile |