Preparation and Optimization of Naringin Oral Nanocarrier: In Vitro Characterization and Antibacterial Activity Article Swipe
Syed Sarim Imam
,
Sadaf Jamal Gilani
,
Ameeduzzafar Zafar
,
May Bin‐Jumah
,
Raisuddin Ali
,
Mohammed Seed Ahmed
,
Sultan Alshehri
·
YOU?
·
· 2022
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12091230
YOU?
·
· 2022
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12091230
Naringin (NG), is a poorly water-soluble flavonoid that has reported to possess a variety of therapeutic efficacies. The present research work is designed to prepare and optimize Naringin hybrid nanoparticles (NG-HNs) using lipid (A), chitosan (B), and D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (C). The formulations were optimized using a Box–Behnken Design (BBD), and the selection of optimized composition (NG-HNop) was carried out on the basis of low particle size (Y1) and high entrapment efficiency (Y2) using the point prediction method. The selected NG-HNop was further evaluated in order to study permeation, drug release, antimicrobial and antioxidant effect, and cell viability. The optimized nanoparticles (NG-HNop) showed a particle size and entrapment efficiency of 246 ± 8.3 nm and 83.5 ± 2.1%, with a polydispersibility index (PDI) of 0.23 and a Zeta potential of + 18.1 mV, indicating high stability. The optimized NG-HNop exhibited better drug release (89.62 ± 4.54%) and enhanced permeation (3.7 folds). A significant improvement in the antimicrobial activity was achieved against Escherichia coli with respect to Staphylococcus aureus with the hybrid nanoparticles. They also exhibited better activity in the tested cell line. On the basis of the study results, hybrid nanoparticles of Naringin are an alternative oral delivery method for treating cancer cells.
Related Topics
Concepts
Naringin
Nanocarriers
Zeta potential
Polyethylene glycol
Particle size
Antimicrobial
Solid lipid nanoparticle
Chemistry
Permeation
Chromatography
Chitosan
Antibacterial activity
Viability assay
Nanoparticle
Drug delivery
Materials science
Nanotechnology
In vitro
Biochemistry
Organic chemistry
Membrane
Genetics
Bacteria
Biology
Physical chemistry
Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12091230
- https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6412/12/9/1230/pdf?version=1661318017
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 15
- References
- 47
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4293020181
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W4293020181Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12091230Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Preparation and Optimization of Naringin Oral Nanocarrier: In Vitro Characterization and Antibacterial ActivityWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2022Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2022-08-23Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Syed Sarim Imam, Sadaf Jamal Gilani, Ameeduzzafar Zafar, May Bin‐Jumah, Raisuddin Ali, Mohammed Seed Ahmed, Sultan AlshehriList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12091230Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6412/12/9/1230/pdf?version=1661318017Direct link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6412/12/9/1230/pdf?version=1661318017Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Naringin, Nanocarriers, Zeta potential, Polyethylene glycol, Particle size, Antimicrobial, Solid lipid nanoparticle, Chemistry, Permeation, Chromatography, Chitosan, Antibacterial activity, Viability assay, Nanoparticle, Drug delivery, Materials science, Nanotechnology, In vitro, Biochemistry, Organic chemistry, Membrane, Genetics, Bacteria, Biology, Physical chemistryTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
15Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 5, 2024: 6, 2023: 4Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
47Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W4293020181 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12091230 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12091230 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W4293020181 |
| fwci | 1.82285498 |
| type | article |
| title | Preparation and Optimization of Naringin Oral Nanocarrier: In Vitro Characterization and Antibacterial Activity |
| awards[0].id | https://openalex.org/G4071092340 |
| awards[0].funder_id | https://openalex.org/F4320322484 |
| awards[0].display_name | |
| awards[0].funder_award_id | PNURSP2022R108 |
| awards[0].funder_display_name | Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University |
| biblio.issue | 9 |
| biblio.volume | 12 |
| biblio.last_page | 1230 |
| biblio.first_page | 1230 |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T10920 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/30 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics |
| topics[0].score | 0.9983000159263611 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/1 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Life Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/3003 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Pharmaceutical Science |
| topics[0].display_name | Advanced Drug Delivery Systems |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T10256 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/30 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics |
| topics[1].score | 0.9980000257492065 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/1 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Life Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/3003 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Pharmaceutical Science |
| topics[1].display_name | Drug Solubulity and Delivery Systems |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T11140 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Medicine |
| topics[2].score | 0.9951000213623047 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2712 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism |
| topics[2].display_name | Natural Antidiabetic Agents Studies |
| funders[0].id | https://openalex.org/F4320322484 |
| funders[0].ror | https://ror.org/05b0cyh02 |
| funders[0].display_name | Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list.value | 2000 |
| apc_list.currency | CHF |
| apc_list.value_usd | 2165 |
| apc_paid.value | 2000 |
| apc_paid.currency | CHF |
| apc_paid.value_usd | 2165 |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C2777335409 |
| concepts[0].level | 2 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.8999274969100952 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418469 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Naringin |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C18150654 |
| concepts[1].level | 3 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.6878929734230042 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17153796 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Nanocarriers |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C86181022 |
| concepts[2].level | 3 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.6753072142601013 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q196823 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Zeta potential |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C2776964284 |
| concepts[3].level | 2 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.6286594867706299 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410083 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Polyethylene glycol |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C187530423 |
| concepts[4].level | 2 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.5751422643661499 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7140503 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Particle size |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C4937899 |
| concepts[5].level | 2 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.5708928108215332 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68541106 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Antimicrobial |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C199529486 |
| concepts[6].level | 3 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.5506035685539246 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7557912 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Solid lipid nanoparticle |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C185592680 |
| concepts[7].level | 0 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.5505577921867371 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Chemistry |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C50670333 |
| concepts[8].level | 3 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.546928882598877 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q907651 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Permeation |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C43617362 |
| concepts[9].level | 1 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.4873403012752533 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050 |
| concepts[9].display_name | Chromatography |
| concepts[10].id | https://openalex.org/C2779732960 |
| concepts[10].level | 2 |
| concepts[10].score | 0.47891104221343994 |
| concepts[10].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408510 |
| concepts[10].display_name | Chitosan |
| concepts[11].id | https://openalex.org/C2780104969 |
| concepts[11].level | 3 |
| concepts[11].score | 0.4723461866378784 |
| concepts[11].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4774530 |
| concepts[11].display_name | Antibacterial activity |
| concepts[12].id | https://openalex.org/C53227056 |
| concepts[12].level | 3 |
| concepts[12].score | 0.4289539158344269 |
| concepts[12].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189152 |
| concepts[12].display_name | Viability assay |
| concepts[13].id | https://openalex.org/C155672457 |
| concepts[13].level | 2 |
| concepts[13].score | 0.41134291887283325 |
| concepts[13].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61231 |
| concepts[13].display_name | Nanoparticle |
| concepts[14].id | https://openalex.org/C2779820397 |
| concepts[14].level | 2 |
| concepts[14].score | 0.3318801522254944 |
| concepts[14].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1392806 |
| concepts[14].display_name | Drug delivery |
| concepts[15].id | https://openalex.org/C192562407 |
| concepts[15].level | 0 |
| concepts[15].score | 0.2851526737213135 |
| concepts[15].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736 |
| concepts[15].display_name | Materials science |
| concepts[16].id | https://openalex.org/C171250308 |
| concepts[16].level | 1 |
| concepts[16].score | 0.2258421778678894 |
| concepts[16].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468 |
| concepts[16].display_name | Nanotechnology |
| concepts[17].id | https://openalex.org/C202751555 |
| concepts[17].level | 2 |
| concepts[17].score | 0.21047443151474 |
| concepts[17].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681 |
| concepts[17].display_name | In vitro |
| concepts[18].id | https://openalex.org/C55493867 |
| concepts[18].level | 1 |
| concepts[18].score | 0.14790892601013184 |
| concepts[18].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094 |
| concepts[18].display_name | Biochemistry |
| concepts[19].id | https://openalex.org/C178790620 |
| concepts[19].level | 1 |
| concepts[19].score | 0.1173272430896759 |
| concepts[19].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351 |
| concepts[19].display_name | Organic chemistry |
| concepts[20].id | https://openalex.org/C41625074 |
| concepts[20].level | 2 |
| concepts[20].score | 0.06074327230453491 |
| concepts[20].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176088 |
| concepts[20].display_name | Membrane |
| concepts[21].id | https://openalex.org/C54355233 |
| concepts[21].level | 1 |
| concepts[21].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[21].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162 |
| concepts[21].display_name | Genetics |
| concepts[22].id | https://openalex.org/C523546767 |
| concepts[22].level | 2 |
| concepts[22].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[22].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10876 |
| concepts[22].display_name | Bacteria |
| concepts[23].id | https://openalex.org/C86803240 |
| concepts[23].level | 0 |
| concepts[23].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[23].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420 |
| concepts[23].display_name | Biology |
| concepts[24].id | https://openalex.org/C147789679 |
| concepts[24].level | 1 |
| concepts[24].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[24].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372 |
| concepts[24].display_name | Physical chemistry |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/naringin |
| keywords[0].score | 0.8999274969100952 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Naringin |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/nanocarriers |
| keywords[1].score | 0.6878929734230042 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Nanocarriers |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/zeta-potential |
| keywords[2].score | 0.6753072142601013 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Zeta potential |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/polyethylene-glycol |
| keywords[3].score | 0.6286594867706299 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Polyethylene glycol |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-size |
| keywords[4].score | 0.5751422643661499 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Particle size |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/antimicrobial |
| keywords[5].score | 0.5708928108215332 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Antimicrobial |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/solid-lipid-nanoparticle |
| keywords[6].score | 0.5506035685539246 |
| keywords[6].display_name | Solid lipid nanoparticle |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry |
| keywords[7].score | 0.5505577921867371 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Chemistry |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/permeation |
| keywords[8].score | 0.546928882598877 |
| keywords[8].display_name | Permeation |
| keywords[9].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/chromatography |
| keywords[9].score | 0.4873403012752533 |
| keywords[9].display_name | Chromatography |
| keywords[10].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/chitosan |
| keywords[10].score | 0.47891104221343994 |
| keywords[10].display_name | Chitosan |
| keywords[11].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/antibacterial-activity |
| keywords[11].score | 0.4723461866378784 |
| keywords[11].display_name | Antibacterial activity |
| keywords[12].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/viability-assay |
| keywords[12].score | 0.4289539158344269 |
| keywords[12].display_name | Viability assay |
| keywords[13].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/nanoparticle |
| keywords[13].score | 0.41134291887283325 |
| keywords[13].display_name | Nanoparticle |
| keywords[14].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-delivery |
| keywords[14].score | 0.3318801522254944 |
| keywords[14].display_name | Drug delivery |
| keywords[15].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science |
| keywords[15].score | 0.2851526737213135 |
| keywords[15].display_name | Materials science |
| keywords[16].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/nanotechnology |
| keywords[16].score | 0.2258421778678894 |
| keywords[16].display_name | Nanotechnology |
| keywords[17].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/in-vitro |
| keywords[17].score | 0.21047443151474 |
| keywords[17].display_name | In vitro |
| keywords[18].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/biochemistry |
| keywords[18].score | 0.14790892601013184 |
| keywords[18].display_name | Biochemistry |
| keywords[19].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/organic-chemistry |
| keywords[19].score | 0.1173272430896759 |
| keywords[19].display_name | Organic chemistry |
| keywords[20].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/membrane |
| keywords[20].score | 0.06074327230453491 |
| keywords[20].display_name | Membrane |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.3390/coatings12091230 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4210205742 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 2079-6412 |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 2079-6412 |
| locations[0].source.is_core | True |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[0].source.display_name | Coatings |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage_names | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| locations[0].license | cc-by |
| locations[0].pdf_url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6412/12/9/1230/pdf?version=1661318017 |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | Coatings |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12091230 |
| locations[1].id | pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2b9b9e292dbb4f96b8b8de8fab29a75a |
| locations[1].is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306401280 |
| locations[1].source.issn | |
| locations[1].source.type | repository |
| locations[1].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.issn_l | |
| locations[1].source.is_core | False |
| locations[1].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[1].source.display_name | DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) |
| locations[1].source.host_organization | |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_name | |
| locations[1].license | |
| locations[1].pdf_url | |
| locations[1].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[1].raw_type | article |
| locations[1].license_id | |
| locations[1].is_accepted | False |
| locations[1].is_published | False |
| locations[1].raw_source_name | Coatings, Vol 12, Iss 1230, p 1230 (2022) |
| locations[1].landing_page_url | https://doaj.org/article/2b9b9e292dbb4f96b8b8de8fab29a75a |
| locations[2].id | pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2079-6412/12/9/1230/ |
| locations[2].is_oa | True |
| locations[2].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306400947 |
| locations[2].source.issn | |
| locations[2].source.type | repository |
| locations[2].source.is_oa | True |
| locations[2].source.issn_l | |
| locations[2].source.is_core | False |
| locations[2].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[2].source.display_name | MDPI (MDPI AG) |
| locations[2].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I4210097602 |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_name | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland) |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210097602 |
| locations[2].license | cc-by |
| locations[2].pdf_url | |
| locations[2].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[2].raw_type | Text |
| locations[2].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[2].is_accepted | False |
| locations[2].is_published | False |
| locations[2].raw_source_name | Coatings; Volume 12; Issue 9; Pages: 1230 |
| locations[2].landing_page_url | https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12091230 |
| indexed_in | crossref, doaj |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5003677451 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8913-0826 |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Syed Sarim Imam |
| authorships[0].countries | SA |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I28022161 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I28022161 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02f81g417 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I28022161 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | SA |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | King Saud University |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Syed Imam |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5078224748 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9590-3856 |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Sadaf Jamal Gilani |
| authorships[1].countries | SA |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I106778892 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Basic Health Sciences, Preparatory Year, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I106778892 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/05b0cyh02 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I106778892 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | SA |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Sadaf Gilani |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Basic Health Sciences, Preparatory Year, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5060689301 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Ameeduzzafar Zafar |
| authorships[2].countries | SA |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I199702508 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I199702508 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02zsyt821 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I199702508 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | SA |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | Jouf University |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Ameeduzzafar Zafar |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5061322973 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3017-9924 |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | May Bin‐Jumah |
| authorships[3].countries | SA |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I106778892 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Biology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia |
| authorships[3].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I106778892 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Environment and Biomaterial Unit, Health Sciences Research Center, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia |
| authorships[3].affiliations[2].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I106778892 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[2].raw_affiliation_string | Saudi Society for Applied Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I106778892 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/05b0cyh02 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I106778892 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code | SA |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name | Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University |
| authorships[3].author_position | middle |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | May Jumah |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings | Biology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia, Environment and Biomaterial Unit, Health Sciences Research Center, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia, Saudi Society for Applied Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia |
| authorships[4].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5077764724 |
| authorships[4].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9892-2158 |
| authorships[4].author.display_name | Raisuddin Ali |
| authorships[4].countries | SA |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I28022161 |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I28022161 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02f81g417 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I28022161 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].country_code | SA |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].display_name | King Saud University |
| authorships[4].author_position | middle |
| authorships[4].raw_author_name | Raisuddin Ali |
| authorships[4].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[4].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia |
| authorships[5].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5102482145 |
| authorships[5].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7179-9735 |
| authorships[5].author.display_name | Mohammed Seed Ahmed |
| authorships[5].countries | SA |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I142608572 |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I142608572 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04jt46d36 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I142608572 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].country_code | SA |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].display_name | Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University |
| authorships[5].author_position | middle |
| authorships[5].raw_author_name | Mohammed Ahmed |
| authorships[5].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[5].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia |
| authorships[6].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5028029863 |
| authorships[6].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8888-8842 |
| authorships[6].author.display_name | Sultan Alshehri |
| authorships[6].countries | SA |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I28022161 |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I28022161 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02f81g417 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I28022161 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].country_code | SA |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].display_name | King Saud University |
| authorships[6].author_position | last |
| authorships[6].raw_author_name | Sultan Alshehri |
| authorships[6].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[6].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia |
| has_content.pdf | True |
| has_content.grobid_xml | True |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6412/12/9/1230/pdf?version=1661318017 |
| open_access.oa_status | gold |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2022-08-25T00:00:00 |
| display_name | Preparation and Optimization of Naringin Oral Nanocarrier: In Vitro Characterization and Antibacterial Activity |
| has_fulltext | True |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T10920 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/30 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9983000159263611 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/1 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Life Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/3003 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Pharmaceutical Science |
| primary_topic.display_name | Advanced Drug Delivery Systems |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W2361171607, https://openalex.org/W1976338808, https://openalex.org/W2384014580, https://openalex.org/W4241615353, https://openalex.org/W2410340220, https://openalex.org/W2357671182, https://openalex.org/W1988526642, https://openalex.org/W2089481112, https://openalex.org/W2041277866, https://openalex.org/W2392768496 |
| cited_by_count | 15 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2025 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 5 |
| counts_by_year[1].year | 2024 |
| counts_by_year[1].cited_by_count | 6 |
| counts_by_year[2].year | 2023 |
| counts_by_year[2].cited_by_count | 4 |
| locations_count | 3 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.3390/coatings12091230 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S4210205742 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | 2079-6412 |
| best_oa_location.source.type | journal |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | 2079-6412 |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | True |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | Coatings |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| best_oa_location.license | cc-by |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6412/12/9/1230/pdf?version=1661318017 |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | Coatings |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12091230 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.3390/coatings12091230 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S4210205742 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 2079-6412 |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 2079-6412 |
| primary_location.source.is_core | True |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| primary_location.source.display_name | Coatings |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| primary_location.license | cc-by |
| primary_location.pdf_url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6412/12/9/1230/pdf?version=1661318017 |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | Coatings |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12091230 |
| publication_date | 2022-08-23 |
| publication_year | 2022 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W2056995570, https://openalex.org/W2794778044, https://openalex.org/W2565383127, https://openalex.org/W1541294208, https://openalex.org/W3007656257, https://openalex.org/W3163638628, https://openalex.org/W2792731182, https://openalex.org/W2921207180, https://openalex.org/W2080216734, https://openalex.org/W2658283009, https://openalex.org/W3119295293, https://openalex.org/W2623676679, https://openalex.org/W2606614729, https://openalex.org/W3015882648, https://openalex.org/W4210533673, https://openalex.org/W2046605287, https://openalex.org/W2889503570, https://openalex.org/W4211045317, https://openalex.org/W2031005927, https://openalex.org/W2020087566, https://openalex.org/W2896844848, https://openalex.org/W3201634648, https://openalex.org/W3103855504, https://openalex.org/W2204153331, https://openalex.org/W3005358918, https://openalex.org/W1979208912, https://openalex.org/W2804846127, https://openalex.org/W6654011439, https://openalex.org/W2944558394, https://openalex.org/W1881690848, https://openalex.org/W1995243183, https://openalex.org/W2135861676, https://openalex.org/W2023409962, https://openalex.org/W2432199735, https://openalex.org/W3092343335, https://openalex.org/W2801944387, https://openalex.org/W2118822263, https://openalex.org/W2966058500, https://openalex.org/W1990687313, https://openalex.org/W7074077274, https://openalex.org/W3175528414, https://openalex.org/W2760685220, https://openalex.org/W2908219600, https://openalex.org/W2096867472, https://openalex.org/W2011472105, https://openalex.org/W2014117535, https://openalex.org/W2168600298 |
| referenced_works_count | 47 |
| abstract_inverted_index.+ | 131 |
| abstract_inverted_index.A | 152 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 3, 12, 47, 104, 120, 127 |
| abstract_inverted_index.On | 183 |
| abstract_inverted_index.an | 195 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 85, 155, 178 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 2, 21 |
| abstract_inverted_index.nm | 114 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 14, 54, 64, 110, 124, 130, 186, 192 |
| abstract_inverted_index.on | 61 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 10, 23, 87, 166 |
| abstract_inverted_index.± | 112, 117, 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.246 | 111 |
| abstract_inverted_index.8.3 | 113 |
| abstract_inverted_index.The | 17, 42, 79, 99, 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 25, 36, 51, 69, 93, 96, 107, 115, 126, 147 |
| abstract_inverted_index.are | 194 |
| abstract_inverted_index.for | 200 |
| abstract_inverted_index.has | 8 |
| abstract_inverted_index.low | 65 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mV, | 133 |
| abstract_inverted_index.out | 60 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 52, 62, 75, 156, 170, 179, 184, 187 |
| abstract_inverted_index.was | 58, 82, 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(3.7 | 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(A), | 33 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(B), | 35 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(C). | 41 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(Y1) | 68 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(Y2) | 73 |
| abstract_inverted_index.0.23 | 125 |
| abstract_inverted_index.18.1 | 132 |
| abstract_inverted_index.83.5 | 116 |
| abstract_inverted_index.They | 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Zeta | 128 |
| abstract_inverted_index.also | 174 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cell | 97, 181 |
| abstract_inverted_index.coli | 163 |
| abstract_inverted_index.drug | 90, 142 |
| abstract_inverted_index.high | 70, 135 |
| abstract_inverted_index.oral | 197 |
| abstract_inverted_index.size | 67, 106 |
| abstract_inverted_index.that | 7 |
| abstract_inverted_index.were | 44 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 119, 164, 169 |
| abstract_inverted_index.work | 20 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(NG), | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(PDI) | 123 |
| abstract_inverted_index.2.1%, | 118 |
| abstract_inverted_index.basis | 63, 185 |
| abstract_inverted_index.index | 122 |
| abstract_inverted_index.line. | 182 |
| abstract_inverted_index.lipid | 32 |
| abstract_inverted_index.order | 86 |
| abstract_inverted_index.point | 76 |
| abstract_inverted_index.study | 88, 188 |
| abstract_inverted_index.using | 31, 46, 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(89.62 | 144 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(BBD), | 50 |
| abstract_inverted_index.4.54%) | 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Design | 49 |
| abstract_inverted_index.aureus | 168 |
| abstract_inverted_index.better | 141, 176 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cancer | 202 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cells. | 203 |
| abstract_inverted_index.glycol | 39 |
| abstract_inverted_index.hybrid | 28, 171, 190 |
| abstract_inverted_index.method | 199 |
| abstract_inverted_index.poorly | 4 |
| abstract_inverted_index.showed | 103 |
| abstract_inverted_index.tested | 180 |
| abstract_inverted_index.NG-HNop | 81, 139 |
| abstract_inverted_index.against | 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.carried | 59 |
| abstract_inverted_index.effect, | 95 |
| abstract_inverted_index.folds). | 151 |
| abstract_inverted_index.further | 83 |
| abstract_inverted_index.method. | 78 |
| abstract_inverted_index.possess | 11 |
| abstract_inverted_index.prepare | 24 |
| abstract_inverted_index.present | 18 |
| abstract_inverted_index.release | 143 |
| abstract_inverted_index.respect | 165 |
| abstract_inverted_index.variety | 13 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(NG-HNs) | 30 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Naringin | 0, 27, 193 |
| abstract_inverted_index.achieved | 160 |
| abstract_inverted_index.activity | 158, 177 |
| abstract_inverted_index.chitosan | 34 |
| abstract_inverted_index.delivery | 198 |
| abstract_inverted_index.designed | 22 |
| abstract_inverted_index.enhanced | 148 |
| abstract_inverted_index.optimize | 26 |
| abstract_inverted_index.particle | 66, 105 |
| abstract_inverted_index.release, | 91 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reported | 9 |
| abstract_inverted_index.research | 19 |
| abstract_inverted_index.results, | 189 |
| abstract_inverted_index.selected | 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.treating | 201 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(NG-HNop) | 57, 102 |
| abstract_inverted_index.evaluated | 84 |
| abstract_inverted_index.exhibited | 140, 175 |
| abstract_inverted_index.flavonoid | 6 |
| abstract_inverted_index.optimized | 45, 55, 100, 138 |
| abstract_inverted_index.potential | 129 |
| abstract_inverted_index.selection | 53 |
| abstract_inverted_index.succinate | 40 |
| abstract_inverted_index.efficiency | 72, 109 |
| abstract_inverted_index.entrapment | 71, 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.indicating | 134 |
| abstract_inverted_index.permeation | 149 |
| abstract_inverted_index.prediction | 77 |
| abstract_inverted_index.stability. | 136 |
| abstract_inverted_index.viability. | 98 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Escherichia | 162 |
| abstract_inverted_index.alternative | 196 |
| abstract_inverted_index.antioxidant | 94 |
| abstract_inverted_index.composition | 56 |
| abstract_inverted_index.efficacies. | 16 |
| abstract_inverted_index.improvement | 154 |
| abstract_inverted_index.permeation, | 89 |
| abstract_inverted_index.significant | 153 |
| abstract_inverted_index.therapeutic | 15 |
| abstract_inverted_index.formulations | 43 |
| abstract_inverted_index.polyethylene | 38 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Box–Behnken | 48 |
| abstract_inverted_index.antimicrobial | 92, 157 |
| abstract_inverted_index.nanoparticles | 29, 101, 191 |
| abstract_inverted_index.water-soluble | 5 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Staphylococcus | 167 |
| abstract_inverted_index.nanoparticles. | 172 |
| abstract_inverted_index.D-α-tocopheryl | 37 |
| abstract_inverted_index.polydispersibility | 121 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 98 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 97 |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5003677451, https://openalex.org/A5078224748 |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 7 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I106778892, https://openalex.org/I28022161 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.47999998927116394 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Clean water and sanitation |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.77640331 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | False |