Prevalence and Characteristics of New Mental Health Interventions in PICU Survivors Article Swipe

PDF

Mariah DeSerisy , Julia A. Heneghan , Matt Hall , Daniel Choi , Leslie A. Dervan , Daniel Garros , Denise M. Goodman , Jason M. Kane , Joseph G. Kohne , Colin Rogerson , Nadia Roumeliotis , Vanessa Toomey , Adam Dziorny ·

YOU? · · 2025 · Open Access · · DOI: https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.09.20.25336236

Background and Objectives As survival after pediatric critical illness improves, attention has shifted to post–intensive care syndrome (PICS–p) and specifically the long–term mental health of PICU survivors, who face elevated risks including posttraumatic stress, anxiety, and depression. However, little is known about actual patterns of post–discharge mental health care. The objective of this study is to examine the rates of mental health follow–up and psychopharmacology use among publicly insured children following PICU hospitalization, compared with those hospitalized on acute care wards, using a multi–state administrative dataset. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study using 2016–2021 Medicaid claims across 10–12 states. The cohort comprised children aged 3–18 years discharged home after an index hospitalization and excluded perinatal admissions and hospitalizations primarily for mental health or traumatic brain injury. The primary exposure was pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission. The primary outcome was new mental health visits within one–year post–discharge. Secondary outcomes included visit provider type, visit diagnoses category, and new psychiatric prescriptions. We report descriptive statistics and measure associations with covariates using logistic regression. Results Among 144,763 Medicaid–insured pediatric hospitalizations (20.7% with PICU stays), only 8.8% initiated new mental health care. When compared to hospitalizations without PICU exposure, those with PICU exposure were more likely to complete new mental health visits (n=1,697 [6.1%] of PICU hospitalizations vs 5,252 [4.9%] of non–PICU hospitalizations). However, PICU exposure was not independently associated with a new mental health visit after adjustment (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1 – 1.13; p=0.067). Older age, complex chronic conditions, and longer length of stay were associated with new mental health visits. Hospitalizations with a PICU stay were significantly associated with increased rate of visits to psychologists or supportive therapists compared to those without a PICU stay (p<0.001). Conclusions Mental health follow–up after pediatric hospitalization is rare. Future studies should investigate barriers to care and identify effective methods for systematic screening and proactive referral.

Related Topics

Concepts

No concepts available.

Metadata

Type: article
Language: en
Landing Page: https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.09.20.25336236
PDF: https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2025/09/21/2025.09.20.25336236.full.pdf
OA Status: green
OpenAlex ID: https://openalex.org/W4414397846

All OpenAlex metadata

Raw OpenAlex JSON

OpenAlex ID: https://openalex.org/W4414397846

Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.09.20.25336236

Digital Object Identifier
Title: Prevalence and Characteristics of New Mental Health Interventions in PICU Survivors

Work title
Type: article

OpenAlex work type
Language: en

Primary language
Publication year: 2025

Year of publication
Publication date: 2025-09-21

Full publication date if available
Authors: Mariah DeSerisy, Julia A. Heneghan, Matt Hall, Daniel Choi, Leslie A. Dervan, Daniel Garros, Denise M. Goodman, Jason M. Kane, Joseph G. Kohne, Colin Rogerson, Nadia Roumeliotis, Vanessa Toomey, Adam Dziorny

List of authors in order
Landing page: https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.09.20.25336236

Publisher landing page
PDF URL: https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2025/09/21/2025.09.20.25336236.full.pdf

Direct link to full text PDF
Open access: Yes

Whether a free full text is available
OA status: green

Open access status per OpenAlex
OA URL: https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2025/09/21/2025.09.20.25336236.full.pdf

Direct OA link when available
Cited by: 0

Total citation count in OpenAlex

Full payload

id	https://openalex.org/W4414397846
doi	https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.09.20.25336236
ids.doi	https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.09.20.25336236
ids.openalex	https://openalex.org/W4414397846
fwci	0.0
type	article
title	Prevalence and Characteristics of New Mental Health Interventions in PICU Survivors
biblio.issue
biblio.volume
biblio.last_page
biblio.first_page
topics[0].id	https://openalex.org/T12980
topics[0].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/32
topics[0].field.display_name	Psychology
topics[0].score	0.8258000016212463
topics[0].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/2
topics[0].domain.display_name	Social Sciences
topics[0].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/3203
topics[0].subfield.display_name	Clinical Psychology
topics[0].display_name	Family Caregiving in Mental Illness
is_xpac	False
apc_list
apc_paid
language	en
locations[0].id	doi:10.1101/2025.09.20.25336236
locations[0].is_oa	True
locations[0].source.id	https://openalex.org/S4306402567
locations[0].source.issn
locations[0].source.type	repository
locations[0].source.is_oa	False
locations[0].source.issn_l
locations[0].source.is_core	False
locations[0].source.is_in_doaj	False
locations[0].source.display_name	bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)
locations[0].source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/I2750212522
locations[0].source.host_organization_name	Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/I2750212522
locations[0].license	cc-by-nd
locations[0].pdf_url	https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2025/09/21/2025.09.20.25336236.full.pdf
locations[0].version	acceptedVersion
locations[0].raw_type	posted-content
locations[0].license_id	https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nd
locations[0].is_accepted	True
locations[0].is_published	False
locations[0].raw_source_name
locations[0].landing_page_url	https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.09.20.25336236
indexed_in	crossref
authorships[0].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5059239335
authorships[0].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3936-9708
authorships[0].author.display_name	Mariah DeSerisy
authorships[0].author_position	first
authorships[0].raw_author_name	Mariah L DeSerisy
authorships[0].is_corresponding	False
authorships[1].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5058390584
authorships[1].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4855-3013
authorships[1].author.display_name	Julia A. Heneghan
authorships[1].author_position	middle
authorships[1].raw_author_name	Julia A Heneghan
authorships[1].is_corresponding	False
authorships[2].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5060383813
authorships[2].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7778-5887
authorships[2].author.display_name	Matt Hall
authorships[2].author_position	middle
authorships[2].raw_author_name	Matt Hall
authorships[2].is_corresponding	False
authorships[3].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5102879151
authorships[3].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4029-5117
authorships[3].author.display_name	Daniel Choi
authorships[3].author_position	middle
authorships[3].raw_author_name	Daniel H Choi
authorships[3].is_corresponding	False
authorships[4].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5053266553
authorships[4].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4521-354X
authorships[4].author.display_name	Leslie A. Dervan
authorships[4].author_position	middle
authorships[4].raw_author_name	Leslie A Dervan
authorships[4].is_corresponding	False
authorships[5].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5040350819
authorships[5].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3331-7947
authorships[5].author.display_name	Daniel Garros
authorships[5].author_position	middle
authorships[5].raw_author_name	Daniel Garros
authorships[5].is_corresponding	False
authorships[6].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5012834728
authorships[6].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9766-9453
authorships[6].author.display_name	Denise M. Goodman
authorships[6].author_position	middle
authorships[6].raw_author_name	Denise M Goodman
authorships[6].is_corresponding	False
authorships[7].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5056474433
authorships[7].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5010-3533
authorships[7].author.display_name	Jason M. Kane
authorships[7].author_position	middle
authorships[7].raw_author_name	Jason M Kane
authorships[7].is_corresponding	False
authorships[8].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5062318690
authorships[8].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9978-2759
authorships[8].author.display_name	Joseph G. Kohne
authorships[8].author_position	middle
authorships[8].raw_author_name	Joseph G Kohne
authorships[8].is_corresponding	False
authorships[9].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5054161644
authorships[9].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5251-2399
authorships[9].author.display_name	Colin Rogerson
authorships[9].author_position	middle
authorships[9].raw_author_name	Colin M Rogerson
authorships[9].is_corresponding	False
authorships[10].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5076043952
authorships[10].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7463-1233
authorships[10].author.display_name	Nadia Roumeliotis
authorships[10].author_position	middle
authorships[10].raw_author_name	Nadia Roumeliotis
authorships[10].is_corresponding	False
authorships[11].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5082997862
authorships[11].author.orcid
authorships[11].author.display_name	Vanessa Toomey
authorships[11].author_position	middle
authorships[11].raw_author_name	Vanessa Toomey
authorships[11].is_corresponding	False
authorships[12].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5035662722
authorships[12].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3392-2795
authorships[12].author.display_name	Adam Dziorny
authorships[12].author_position	last
authorships[12].raw_author_name	Adam Dziorny
authorships[12].is_corresponding	False
has_content.pdf	True
has_content.grobid_xml	False
is_paratext	False
open_access.is_oa	True
open_access.oa_url	https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2025/09/21/2025.09.20.25336236.full.pdf
open_access.oa_status	green
open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext	False
created_date	2025-10-10T00:00:00
display_name	Prevalence and Characteristics of New Mental Health Interventions in PICU Survivors
has_fulltext	False
is_retracted	False
updated_date	2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776
primary_topic.id	https://openalex.org/T12980
primary_topic.field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/32
primary_topic.field.display_name	Psychology
primary_topic.score	0.8258000016212463
primary_topic.domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/2
primary_topic.domain.display_name	Social Sciences
primary_topic.subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/3203
primary_topic.subfield.display_name	Clinical Psychology
primary_topic.display_name	Family Caregiving in Mental Illness
cited_by_count	0
locations_count	1
best_oa_location.id	doi:10.1101/2025.09.20.25336236
best_oa_location.is_oa	True
best_oa_location.source.id	https://openalex.org/S4306402567
best_oa_location.source.issn
best_oa_location.source.type	repository
best_oa_location.source.is_oa	False
best_oa_location.source.issn_l
best_oa_location.source.is_core	False
best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj	False
best_oa_location.source.display_name	bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)
best_oa_location.source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/I2750212522
best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name	Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/I2750212522
best_oa_location.license	cc-by-nd
best_oa_location.pdf_url	https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2025/09/21/2025.09.20.25336236.full.pdf
best_oa_location.version	acceptedVersion
best_oa_location.raw_type	posted-content
best_oa_location.license_id	https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nd
best_oa_location.is_accepted	True
best_oa_location.is_published	False
best_oa_location.raw_source_name
best_oa_location.landing_page_url	https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.09.20.25336236
primary_location.id	doi:10.1101/2025.09.20.25336236
primary_location.is_oa	True
primary_location.source.id	https://openalex.org/S4306402567
primary_location.source.issn
primary_location.source.type	repository
primary_location.source.is_oa	False
primary_location.source.issn_l
primary_location.source.is_core	False
primary_location.source.is_in_doaj	False
primary_location.source.display_name	bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)
primary_location.source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/I2750212522
primary_location.source.host_organization_name	Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/I2750212522
primary_location.license	cc-by-nd
primary_location.pdf_url	https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2025/09/21/2025.09.20.25336236.full.pdf
primary_location.version	acceptedVersion
primary_location.raw_type	posted-content
primary_location.license_id	https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nd
primary_location.is_accepted	True
primary_location.is_published	False
primary_location.raw_source_name
primary_location.landing_page_url	https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.09.20.25336236
publication_date	2025-09-21
publication_year	2025
referenced_works_count	0
abstract_inverted_index.1	240
abstract_inverted_index.a	82, 89, 229, 263, 283
abstract_inverted_index.As	3
abstract_inverted_index.CI	239
abstract_inverted_index.We	87, 161
abstract_inverted_index.an	110
abstract_inverted_index.is	39, 54, 294
abstract_inverted_index.of	24, 44, 51, 59, 212, 218, 252, 272
abstract_inverted_index.on	77
abstract_inverted_index.or	123, 276
abstract_inverted_index.to	13, 55, 192, 204, 274, 280, 301
abstract_inverted_index.vs	215
abstract_inverted_index.(OR	236
abstract_inverted_index.95%	238
abstract_inverted_index.The	49, 100, 127, 137
abstract_inverted_index.and	1, 18, 35, 63, 113, 117, 157, 165, 249, 303, 310
abstract_inverted_index.for	120, 307
abstract_inverted_index.has	11
abstract_inverted_index.new	141, 158, 186, 206, 230, 257
abstract_inverted_index.not	225
abstract_inverted_index.the	20, 57
abstract_inverted_index.use	65
abstract_inverted_index.was	130, 140, 224
abstract_inverted_index.who	27
abstract_inverted_index.–	241
abstract_inverted_index.8.8%	184
abstract_inverted_index.PICU	25, 71, 181, 195, 199, 213, 222, 264, 284
abstract_inverted_index.When	190
abstract_inverted_index.age,	245
abstract_inverted_index.aged	104
abstract_inverted_index.care	15, 79, 133, 302
abstract_inverted_index.face	28
abstract_inverted_index.home	108
abstract_inverted_index.more	202
abstract_inverted_index.only	183
abstract_inverted_index.rate	271
abstract_inverted_index.stay	253, 265, 285
abstract_inverted_index.this	52
abstract_inverted_index.unit	134
abstract_inverted_index.were	201, 254, 266
abstract_inverted_index.with	74, 168, 180, 198, 228, 256, 262, 269
abstract_inverted_index.1.06,	237
abstract_inverted_index.1.13;	242
abstract_inverted_index.5,252	216
abstract_inverted_index.Among	174
abstract_inverted_index.Older	244
abstract_inverted_index.about	41
abstract_inverted_index.acute	78
abstract_inverted_index.after	5, 109, 234, 291
abstract_inverted_index.among	66
abstract_inverted_index.brain	125
abstract_inverted_index.care.	48, 189
abstract_inverted_index.index	111
abstract_inverted_index.known	40
abstract_inverted_index.rare.	295
abstract_inverted_index.rates	58
abstract_inverted_index.risks	30
abstract_inverted_index.study	53, 92
abstract_inverted_index.those	75, 197, 281
abstract_inverted_index.type,	153
abstract_inverted_index.using	81, 93, 170
abstract_inverted_index.visit	151, 154, 233
abstract_inverted_index.years	106
abstract_inverted_index.(20.7%	179
abstract_inverted_index.(PICU)	135
abstract_inverted_index.3–18	105
abstract_inverted_index.Future	296
abstract_inverted_index.Mental	288
abstract_inverted_index.[4.9%]	217
abstract_inverted_index.[6.1%]	211
abstract_inverted_index.across	97
abstract_inverted_index.actual	42
abstract_inverted_index.claims	96
abstract_inverted_index.cohort	91, 101
abstract_inverted_index.health	23, 47, 61, 122, 143, 188, 208, 232, 259, 289
abstract_inverted_index.length	251
abstract_inverted_index.likely	203
abstract_inverted_index.little	38
abstract_inverted_index.longer	250
abstract_inverted_index.mental	22, 46, 60, 121, 142, 187, 207, 231, 258
abstract_inverted_index.report	162
abstract_inverted_index.should	298
abstract_inverted_index.visits	144, 209, 273
abstract_inverted_index.wards,	80
abstract_inverted_index.within	145
abstract_inverted_index.10–12	98
abstract_inverted_index.144,763	175
abstract_inverted_index.Methods	86
abstract_inverted_index.Results	173
abstract_inverted_index.chronic	247
abstract_inverted_index.complex	246
abstract_inverted_index.examine	56
abstract_inverted_index.illness	8
abstract_inverted_index.injury.	126
abstract_inverted_index.insured	68
abstract_inverted_index.measure	166
abstract_inverted_index.methods	306
abstract_inverted_index.outcome	139
abstract_inverted_index.primary	128, 138
abstract_inverted_index.shifted	12
abstract_inverted_index.states.	99
abstract_inverted_index.stays),	182
abstract_inverted_index.stress,	33
abstract_inverted_index.studies	297
abstract_inverted_index.visits.	260
abstract_inverted_index.without	194, 282
abstract_inverted_index.(n=1,697	210
abstract_inverted_index.However,	37, 221
abstract_inverted_index.Medicaid	95
abstract_inverted_index.anxiety,	34
abstract_inverted_index.barriers	300
abstract_inverted_index.children	69, 103
abstract_inverted_index.compared	73, 191, 279
abstract_inverted_index.complete	205
abstract_inverted_index.critical	7
abstract_inverted_index.dataset.	85
abstract_inverted_index.elevated	29
abstract_inverted_index.excluded	114
abstract_inverted_index.exposure	129, 200, 223
abstract_inverted_index.identify	304
abstract_inverted_index.included	150
abstract_inverted_index.logistic	171
abstract_inverted_index.outcomes	149
abstract_inverted_index.patterns	43
abstract_inverted_index.provider	152
abstract_inverted_index.publicly	67
abstract_inverted_index.survival	4
abstract_inverted_index.syndrome	16
abstract_inverted_index.Secondary	148
abstract_inverted_index.attention	10
abstract_inverted_index.category,	156
abstract_inverted_index.comprised	102
abstract_inverted_index.diagnoses	155
abstract_inverted_index.effective	305
abstract_inverted_index.exposure,	196
abstract_inverted_index.following	70
abstract_inverted_index.improves,	9
abstract_inverted_index.including	31
abstract_inverted_index.increased	270
abstract_inverted_index.initiated	185
abstract_inverted_index.intensive	132
abstract_inverted_index.objective	50
abstract_inverted_index.p=0.067).	243
abstract_inverted_index.pediatric	6, 131, 177, 292
abstract_inverted_index.performed	88
abstract_inverted_index.perinatal	115
abstract_inverted_index.primarily	119
abstract_inverted_index.proactive	311
abstract_inverted_index.referral.	312
abstract_inverted_index.screening	309
abstract_inverted_index.traumatic	124
abstract_inverted_index.(PICS–p)	17
abstract_inverted_index.Background	0
abstract_inverted_index.Objectives	2
abstract_inverted_index.adjustment	235
abstract_inverted_index.admission.	136
abstract_inverted_index.admissions	116
abstract_inverted_index.associated	227, 255, 268
abstract_inverted_index.covariates	169
abstract_inverted_index.discharged	107
abstract_inverted_index.non–PICU	219
abstract_inverted_index.one–year	146
abstract_inverted_index.statistics	164
abstract_inverted_index.supportive	277
abstract_inverted_index.survivors,	26
abstract_inverted_index.systematic	308
abstract_inverted_index.therapists	278
abstract_inverted_index.2016–2021	94
abstract_inverted_index.Conclusions	287
abstract_inverted_index.conditions,	248
abstract_inverted_index.depression.	36
abstract_inverted_index.descriptive	163
abstract_inverted_index.follow–up	62, 290
abstract_inverted_index.investigate	299
abstract_inverted_index.long–term	21
abstract_inverted_index.psychiatric	159
abstract_inverted_index.regression.	172
abstract_inverted_index.associations	167
abstract_inverted_index.hospitalized	76
abstract_inverted_index.specifically	19
abstract_inverted_index.(p<0.001).	286
abstract_inverted_index.independently	226
abstract_inverted_index.multi–state	83
abstract_inverted_index.posttraumatic	32
abstract_inverted_index.psychologists	275
abstract_inverted_index.retrospective	90
abstract_inverted_index.significantly	267
abstract_inverted_index.administrative	84
abstract_inverted_index.prescriptions.	160
abstract_inverted_index.hospitalization	112, 293
abstract_inverted_index.Hospitalizations	261
abstract_inverted_index.hospitalization,	72
abstract_inverted_index.hospitalizations	118, 178, 193, 214
abstract_inverted_index.post–discharge	45
abstract_inverted_index.post–intensive	14
abstract_inverted_index.post–discharge.	147
abstract_inverted_index.Medicaid–insured	176
abstract_inverted_index.hospitalizations).	220
abstract_inverted_index.psychopharmacology	64
cited_by_percentile_year
countries_distinct_count	0
institutions_distinct_count	13
citation_normalized_percentile.value	0.56065218
citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent	False
citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent	True