Prevalence and distribution of Varroa destructor and Nosema spp. in symptomatic honey bee colonies across the USA from 2015 to 2022 Article Swipe
Samuel Abban
,
Bart Smith
,
Miguel Corona
,
Steven C. Cook
,
Jay D. Evans
,
Yanping Chen
,
Mohamed Alburaki
·
YOU?
·
· 2024
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-51514-9
YOU?
·
· 2024
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-51514-9
USDA-ARS Bee Research Laboratory received symptomatic honey bee ( Apis mellifera L.) samples across the United States for disease diagnosis. Here, we present a retrospective study and cartography of ectoparasite Varroa destructor and intracellular microsporidia parasite Nosema spp. These two major parasites were identified in the diseased honey bee samples between 2015 and 2022. Varroa infestation level (VIL) was examined by a wash technique (Mites/100 bees) and calculated as a percentage, while Nosema infection was quantified by microscopical spore count (Million Spores/Bee). Data were analyzed by month, year, state, and by nine geographical climate regions described in the U.S. Of adult bee samples ( n = 4039) that were analyzed for Varroa mite infestation, the overall VIL in the U.S. ranged between 0.4 and 30.85%, with an overall national VIL and Varroa prevalence of 8.21% and 85.14%, respectively. Overall monthly data showed VIL constantly exceeded the critical level of 4% except from June to September and reached a maximum of 15% in January and December. Nationwide, VIL significantly ( p < 0.001) increased from 2015 to 2018 (1.1–4.7%), plateaued from 2018 to 2021 (4.7–4.5%), followed by a significant decrease in 2022 (3.6%). Significant VIL differences ( p < 0.001) were recorded among climate regions, with the highest mite infestation levels in the Upper Midwest region (13.9%) and the lowest in the West region (5.1%). Of adult bee samples ( n = 2,994) that were analyzed for Nosema infection, Nosema spore count ranged between (1–16.8) million spores per bee among states, with a national average of 6.8 and a prevalence of 99.7%. The lowest and highest Nosema loads were respectively recorded in the South region (3.1) and Upper Midwest (10.5), a significant difference ( p < 0.001). No statistical differences were recorded among the six other climate regions. Overall, VIL and Nosema infection correlated significantly ( p < 0.001) with a regression coefficient of (R 2 = 0.6). Our data, which originated from ailing bee colonies, showed significantly higher rates of maladies compared to data from healthy colonies obtained by the USDA-APHIS National Honey Bee Survey, demonstrating the role of bee diseases caused by Varroa mite and Nosema in honey bee population declines.
Related Topics
Concepts
Nosema
Varroa destructor
Varroa
Infestation
Mite
Biology
Honey bee
Veterinary medicine
Varroa sensitive hygiene
Spore
Microsporidia
Ecology
Botany
Medicine
Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-51514-9
- https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-51514-9.pdf
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 14
- References
- 50
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4391024003
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
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https://openalex.org/W4391024003Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-51514-9Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Prevalence and distribution of Varroa destructor and Nosema spp. in symptomatic honey bee colonies across the USA from 2015 to 2022Work title
- Type
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articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
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enPrimary language
- Publication year
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2024Year of publication
- Publication date
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2024-01-19Full publication date if available
- Authors
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Samuel Abban, Bart Smith, Miguel Corona, Steven C. Cook, Jay D. Evans, Yanping Chen, Mohamed AlburakiList of authors in order
- Landing page
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https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-51514-9Publisher landing page
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https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-51514-9.pdfDirect link to full text PDF
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YesWhether a free full text is available
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goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
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https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-51514-9.pdfDirect OA link when available
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Nosema, Varroa destructor, Varroa, Infestation, Mite, Biology, Honey bee, Veterinary medicine, Varroa sensitive hygiene, Spore, Microsporidia, Ecology, Botany, MedicineTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
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14Total citation count in OpenAlex
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2025: 9, 2024: 5Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
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50Number of works referenced by this work
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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