Probing the Outskirts of M Dwarf Planetary Systems with a Cycle 1 JWST NIRCam Coronagraphy Survey Article Swipe
Ellis Bogat
,
Joshua E. Schlieder
,
Kellen Lawson
,
Yiting Li
,
Jarron Leisenring
,
Michael R. Meyer
,
William O. Balmer
,
Thomas Barclay
,
Charles Beichman
,
G. Bryden
,
Per Calissendorff
,
Aarynn L. Carter
,
Matthew De Furio
,
J. H. Girard
,
Thomas P. Greene
,
Tyler D. Groff
,
Jens Kammerer
,
Jorge Llop-Sayson
,
Michael W. McElwain
,
Marcia Rieke
,
Marie Ygouf
·
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/adfc75
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/adfc75
The population of giant planets on wide orbits around low-mass M dwarf stars is poorly understood, but the unprecedented sensitivity of JWST NIRCam coronagraphic imaging now provides direct access to planets significantly less massive than Jupiter beyond 10 au around the closest, youngest M dwarfs. We present the design, observations, and results of JWST Guaranteed Time Observation Program 1184, a Cycle 1 NIRCam coronagraphic imaging survey of nine very nearby and young low-mass stars at 3–5 μ m wavelengths. In the F356W and F444W filters, we achieve survey median 5 σ contrasts deeper than 10 −5 at a separation of 1″, corresponding to 0.20 M Jup in F444W and 1.30 M Jup in F356W at planet–star separations of 10 au. Our results include 3–5 μ m debris disk detections and the identification of many extended and point-like sources in the final postprocessed images. In particular, we have identified a marginal point-source candidate having flux and color limits consistent with model predictions for a young sub-Jupiter-mass exoplanet. Under the assumption that the candidate is not confirmed, we place the first direct-imaging occurrence constraints on M dwarf wide-orbit (semimajor axes of 10–100 au), sub-Jupiter-mass exoplanets (0.3–1 M Jup ). We find frequency limits of <0.10 and <0.16 objects per star with 1 σ and 3 σ confidence, respectively. This survey showcases the unprecedented capabilities of JWST NIRCam coronagraphic imaging when targeting young, low-mass stars and acts as a precursor to broader surveys to place deep statistical constraints on wide-orbit, sub-Jupiter-mass planets around M dwarfs.
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- en
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- https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/adfc75
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- Cited By
- 1
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- 140
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https://openalex.org/W4414293403Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
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https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/adfc75Digital Object Identifier
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Probing the Outskirts of M Dwarf Planetary Systems with a Cycle 1 JWST NIRCam Coronagraphy SurveyWork title
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articleOpenAlex work type
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enPrimary language
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2025Year of publication
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2025-09-17Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Ellis Bogat, Joshua E. Schlieder, Kellen Lawson, Yiting Li, Jarron Leisenring, Michael R. Meyer, William O. Balmer, Thomas Barclay, Charles Beichman, G. Bryden, Per Calissendorff, Aarynn L. Carter, Matthew De Furio, J. H. Girard, Thomas P. Greene, Tyler D. Groff, Jens Kammerer, Jorge Llop-Sayson, Michael W. McElwain, Marcia Rieke, Marie YgoufList of authors in order
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https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/adfc75Publisher landing page
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goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
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https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/adfc75Direct OA link when available
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1Total citation count in OpenAlex
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2025: 1Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
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140Number of works referenced by this work
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