Programmable Optical Differential Ising Machines for Phase Transition Simulation Article Swipe

PDF

Wenjia Zhang , Xin Ye , Jin Min Yang , Zuyuan He ·

YOU? · · 2025 · Open Access · · DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7651733/v1

Drawing inspiration from the physical Ising model, optical Ising machines have emerged as a promising paradigm in optical computing. These machines typically utilize optical phase or amplitude modulators to represent the analog spin variables, which determine the final Hamiltonian by the combinatorial configuration of the complex optical field. However, current optical modulators exhibit relatively low modulation resolution and significant technical challenges arise when scaling up optical Ising systems to maintain consistent performance across integrated device clusters. Here we propose a programmable optical differential Ising machine that provides direct access to changes in the Hamiltonian. This system streamlines unnecessary matrix calculations, thereby reducing the requirements for the size and precision of the modulator matrix. Through numerical simulations on 60 to 100 spin MaxCut benchmark problems, we determine that the minimum required resolutions for the DAC and ADC are 6 bits and 5 bits, respectively, along with a significant tolerance of 0.3 rad for phase errors and over 10 multiplexing operations. Additionally, 100-spin experiments with a dual-channel system demonstrate its potential for phase transition simulation and solving complex optimization challenges.

Related Topics

Field-Programmable Gate Array

Optical Fiber

Differential Equation

Differential Diagnosis

Partial Differential Equation

Differential (Mechanical Device)

Advanced Combat Optical Gunsight

Halo (Optical Phenomenon)

Differential Scanning Calorimetry

Limited-Slip Differential

Multi-Mode Optical Fiber

Low-Voltage Differential Signaling

Concepts

No concepts available.

Metadata

Type: article
Language: en
Landing Page: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7651733/v1
PDF: https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-7651733/latest.pdf
OA Status: gold
OpenAlex ID: https://openalex.org/W4414796431

All OpenAlex metadata

Raw OpenAlex JSON

OpenAlex ID: https://openalex.org/W4414796431

Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7651733/v1

Digital Object Identifier
Title: Programmable Optical Differential Ising Machines for Phase Transition Simulation

Work title
Type: article

OpenAlex work type
Language: en

Primary language
Publication year: 2025

Year of publication
Publication date: 2025-10-03

Full publication date if available
Authors: Wenjia Zhang, Xin Ye, Jin Min Yang, Zuyuan He

List of authors in order
Landing page: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7651733/v1

Publisher landing page
PDF URL: https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-7651733/latest.pdf

Direct link to full text PDF
Open access: Yes

Whether a free full text is available
OA status: gold

Open access status per OpenAlex
OA URL: https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-7651733/latest.pdf

Direct OA link when available
Cited by: 0

Total citation count in OpenAlex

Full payload

id	https://openalex.org/W4414796431
doi	https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7651733/v1
ids.doi	https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7651733/v1
ids.openalex	https://openalex.org/W4414796431
fwci	0.0
type	article
title	Programmable Optical Differential Ising Machines for Phase Transition Simulation
biblio.issue
biblio.volume
biblio.last_page
biblio.first_page
topics[0].id	https://openalex.org/T10682
topics[0].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/17
topics[0].field.display_name	Computer Science
topics[0].score	0.9595000147819519
topics[0].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/3
topics[0].domain.display_name	Physical Sciences
topics[0].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/1702
topics[0].subfield.display_name	Artificial Intelligence
topics[0].display_name	Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture
topics[1].id	https://openalex.org/T12611
topics[1].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/17
topics[1].field.display_name	Computer Science
topics[1].score	0.953499972820282
topics[1].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/3
topics[1].domain.display_name	Physical Sciences
topics[1].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/1702
topics[1].subfield.display_name	Artificial Intelligence
topics[1].display_name	Neural Networks and Reservoir Computing
topics[2].id	https://openalex.org/T11804
topics[2].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/31
topics[2].field.display_name	Physics and Astronomy
topics[2].score	0.9042999744415283
topics[2].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/3
topics[2].domain.display_name	Physical Sciences
topics[2].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/3107
topics[2].subfield.display_name	Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
topics[2].display_name	Quantum many-body systems
is_xpac	False
apc_list
apc_paid
language	en
locations[0].id	doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-7651733/v1
locations[0].is_oa	True
locations[0].source
locations[0].license	cc-by
locations[0].pdf_url	https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-7651733/latest.pdf
locations[0].version	acceptedVersion
locations[0].raw_type	posted-content
locations[0].license_id	https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by
locations[0].is_accepted	True
locations[0].is_published	False
locations[0].raw_source_name
locations[0].landing_page_url	https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7651733/v1
indexed_in	crossref
authorships[0].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5100719744
authorships[0].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9545-1124
authorships[0].author.display_name	Wenjia Zhang
authorships[0].countries	CN
authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I183067930
authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Shanghai Jiao Tong University
authorships[0].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I183067930
authorships[0].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/0220qvk04
authorships[0].institutions[0].type	education
authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I183067930
authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code	CN
authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name	Shanghai Jiao Tong University
authorships[0].author_position	first
authorships[0].raw_author_name	Wenjia Zhang
authorships[0].is_corresponding	False
authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings	Shanghai Jiao Tong University
authorships[1].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5092231153
authorships[1].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6842-3526
authorships[1].author.display_name	Xin Ye
authorships[1].countries	CN
authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I183067930
authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Shanghai Jiao Tong University
authorships[1].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I183067930
authorships[1].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/0220qvk04
authorships[1].institutions[0].type	education
authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I183067930
authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code	CN
authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name	Shanghai Jiao Tong University
authorships[1].author_position	middle
authorships[1].raw_author_name	Xin Ye
authorships[1].is_corresponding	False
authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings	Shanghai Jiao Tong University
authorships[2].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5072670647
authorships[2].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4291-2724
authorships[2].author.display_name	Jin Min Yang
authorships[2].author_position	middle
authorships[2].raw_author_name	Jinmin Yang
authorships[2].is_corresponding	False
authorships[3].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5100698811
authorships[3].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7499-834X
authorships[3].author.display_name	Zuyuan He
authorships[3].author_position	last
authorships[3].raw_author_name	Zuyuan He
authorships[3].is_corresponding	False
has_content.pdf	True
has_content.grobid_xml	False
is_paratext	False
open_access.is_oa	True
open_access.oa_url	https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-7651733/latest.pdf
open_access.oa_status	gold
open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext	False
created_date	2025-10-10T00:00:00
display_name	Programmable Optical Differential Ising Machines for Phase Transition Simulation
has_fulltext	False
is_retracted	False
updated_date	2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776
primary_topic.id	https://openalex.org/T10682
primary_topic.field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/17
primary_topic.field.display_name	Computer Science
primary_topic.score	0.9595000147819519
primary_topic.domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/3
primary_topic.domain.display_name	Physical Sciences
primary_topic.subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/1702
primary_topic.subfield.display_name	Artificial Intelligence
primary_topic.display_name	Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture
cited_by_count	0
locations_count	1
best_oa_location.id	doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-7651733/v1
best_oa_location.is_oa	True
best_oa_location.source
best_oa_location.license	cc-by
best_oa_location.pdf_url	https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-7651733/latest.pdf
best_oa_location.version	acceptedVersion
best_oa_location.raw_type	posted-content
best_oa_location.license_id	https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by
best_oa_location.is_accepted	True
best_oa_location.is_published	False
best_oa_location.raw_source_name
best_oa_location.landing_page_url	https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7651733/v1
primary_location.id	doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-7651733/v1
primary_location.is_oa	True
primary_location.source
primary_location.license	cc-by
primary_location.pdf_url	https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-7651733/latest.pdf
primary_location.version	acceptedVersion
primary_location.raw_type	posted-content
primary_location.license_id	https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by
primary_location.is_accepted	True
primary_location.is_published	False
primary_location.raw_source_name
primary_location.landing_page_url	https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7651733/v1
publication_date	2025-10-03
publication_year	2025
referenced_works_count	0
abstract_inverted_index.5	141
abstract_inverted_index.6	138
abstract_inverted_index.a	14, 80, 146, 164
abstract_inverted_index.10	157
abstract_inverted_index.60	118
abstract_inverted_index.as	13
abstract_inverted_index.by	40
abstract_inverted_index.in	17, 92
abstract_inverted_index.of	44, 110, 149
abstract_inverted_index.on	117
abstract_inverted_index.or	26
abstract_inverted_index.to	29, 69, 90, 119
abstract_inverted_index.up	65
abstract_inverted_index.we	78, 125
abstract_inverted_index.0.3	150
abstract_inverted_index.100	120
abstract_inverted_index.ADC	136
abstract_inverted_index.DAC	134
abstract_inverted_index.and	58, 108, 135, 140, 155, 174
abstract_inverted_index.are	137
abstract_inverted_index.for	105, 132, 152, 170
abstract_inverted_index.its	168
abstract_inverted_index.low	55
abstract_inverted_index.rad	151
abstract_inverted_index.the	4, 31, 37, 41, 45, 93, 103, 106, 111, 128, 133
abstract_inverted_index.Here	77
abstract_inverted_index.This	95
abstract_inverted_index.bits	139
abstract_inverted_index.from	3
abstract_inverted_index.have	11
abstract_inverted_index.over	156
abstract_inverted_index.size	107
abstract_inverted_index.spin	33, 121
abstract_inverted_index.that	86, 127
abstract_inverted_index.when	63
abstract_inverted_index.with	145, 163
abstract_inverted_index.Ising	6, 9, 67, 84
abstract_inverted_index.These	20
abstract_inverted_index.along	144
abstract_inverted_index.arise	62
abstract_inverted_index.bits,	142
abstract_inverted_index.final	38
abstract_inverted_index.phase	25, 153, 171
abstract_inverted_index.which	35
abstract_inverted_index.MaxCut	122
abstract_inverted_index.access	89
abstract_inverted_index.across	73
abstract_inverted_index.analog	32
abstract_inverted_index.device	75
abstract_inverted_index.direct	88
abstract_inverted_index.errors	154
abstract_inverted_index.field.	48
abstract_inverted_index.matrix	99
abstract_inverted_index.model,	7
abstract_inverted_index.system	96, 166
abstract_inverted_index.Drawing	1
abstract_inverted_index.Through	114
abstract_inverted_index.changes	91
abstract_inverted_index.complex	46, 176
abstract_inverted_index.current	50
abstract_inverted_index.emerged	12
abstract_inverted_index.exhibit	53
abstract_inverted_index.machine	85
abstract_inverted_index.matrix.	113
abstract_inverted_index.minimum	129
abstract_inverted_index.optical	8, 18, 24, 47, 51, 66, 82
abstract_inverted_index.propose	79
abstract_inverted_index.scaling	64
abstract_inverted_index.solving	175
abstract_inverted_index.systems	68
abstract_inverted_index.thereby	101
abstract_inverted_index.utilize	23
abstract_inverted_index.100-spin	161
abstract_inverted_index.However,	49
abstract_inverted_index.machines	10, 21
abstract_inverted_index.maintain	70
abstract_inverted_index.paradigm	16
abstract_inverted_index.physical	5
abstract_inverted_index.provides	87
abstract_inverted_index.reducing	102
abstract_inverted_index.required	130
abstract_inverted_index.amplitude	27
abstract_inverted_index.benchmark	123
abstract_inverted_index.clusters.	76
abstract_inverted_index.determine	36, 126
abstract_inverted_index.modulator	112
abstract_inverted_index.numerical	115
abstract_inverted_index.potential	169
abstract_inverted_index.precision	109
abstract_inverted_index.problems,	124
abstract_inverted_index.promising	15
abstract_inverted_index.represent	30
abstract_inverted_index.technical	60
abstract_inverted_index.tolerance	148
abstract_inverted_index.typically	22
abstract_inverted_index.challenges	61
abstract_inverted_index.computing.	19
abstract_inverted_index.consistent	71
abstract_inverted_index.integrated	74
abstract_inverted_index.modulation	56
abstract_inverted_index.modulators	28, 52
abstract_inverted_index.relatively	54
abstract_inverted_index.resolution	57
abstract_inverted_index.simulation	173
abstract_inverted_index.transition	172
abstract_inverted_index.variables,	34
abstract_inverted_index.Hamiltonian	39
abstract_inverted_index.challenges.	178
abstract_inverted_index.demonstrate	167
abstract_inverted_index.experiments	162
abstract_inverted_index.inspiration	2
abstract_inverted_index.operations.	159
abstract_inverted_index.performance	72
abstract_inverted_index.resolutions	131
abstract_inverted_index.significant	59, 147
abstract_inverted_index.simulations	116
abstract_inverted_index.streamlines	97
abstract_inverted_index.unnecessary	98
abstract_inverted_index.Hamiltonian.	94
abstract_inverted_index.differential	83
abstract_inverted_index.dual-channel	165
abstract_inverted_index.multiplexing	158
abstract_inverted_index.optimization	177
abstract_inverted_index.programmable	81
abstract_inverted_index.requirements	104
abstract_inverted_index.Additionally,	160
abstract_inverted_index.calculations,	100
abstract_inverted_index.combinatorial	42
abstract_inverted_index.configuration	43
abstract_inverted_index.respectively,	143
abstract_inverted_index.<title>Abstract</title>	0
cited_by_percentile_year
countries_distinct_count	1
institutions_distinct_count	4
citation_normalized_percentile.value	0.20964518
citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent	False
citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent	True