Projections of Earth's Technosphere: Strategies for Observing Technosignatures on Terrestrial Exoplanets Article Swipe

PDF

Haqq-Misra, Jacob , Kopparapu, Ravi , Profitiliotis, George ·

YOU? · · 2025 · Open Access ·

The search for technosignatures -- remotely detectable evidence of extraterrestrial technology -- draws upon examples from the recent history of Earth as well as projections of Earth's technosphere. Facilities like the Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO) will significantly advance the feasibility of characterizing the atmospheres of habitable exoplanets at visible and near-infrared wavelengths, while other future mission concepts could extend this search to mid-infrared wavelengths. We draw upon a recently developed set of ten self-consistent scenarios for future Earth technospheres as analogs for extraterrestrial technospheres, which we use to outline a stepwise technosignature search strategy beginning with HWO and followed by other missions. We find that HWO could reveal elevated abundances of a CO$_2$ + NO$_2$ pair on planets with combustion and other large-scale industry, which could be observable in up to in eight of the ten scenarios. Follow-up radio observations could reveal narrow-band directed transmissions, which occurs in two of the scenarios. Further study by direct detection at mid-infrared wavelengths with the Large Interferometer for Exoplanets (LIFE) could reveal spectral features from industry, such as the combination of CO$_2$ + CFC-11/12 in four scenarios and CO$_2$ + CFC-11/12 + CF$_4$ in one scenario; two of these also include the N$_2$O + CH$_4$ + NH$_3$ triple from large-scale agriculture. Other mission concepts such as a Solar Gravitational Lens mission could reveal large-scale surface features in two scenarios that otherwise show no detectable technosignatures, while an interplanetary fly-by or probe mission would be the most conclusive way to reveal the presence of technology on terrestrial exoplanets.

Related Topics

Exoplanet

Astrobiology

Extraterrestrial Life

Solar System

Planetary Habitability

Environmental Science

Search For Extraterrestrial Intelligence

Concepts

Exoplanet Astrobiology Extraterrestrial life Solar System Planetary habitability Planet Observatory Terrestrial planet Astronomy Interplanetary spaceflight Remote sensing Circumstellar habitable zone Asteroid Physics Habitability Atmosphere (unit) Planetary science Comet Interferometry Space exploration Planetary system Environmental science Interplanetary medium Coronagraph Search for extraterrestrial intelligence

Metadata

Type: article
Landing Page: http://arxiv.org/abs/2511.20329
PDF: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2511.20329
OA Status: green
OpenAlex ID: https://openalex.org/W7106861035

All OpenAlex metadata

Raw OpenAlex JSON

OpenAlex ID: https://openalex.org/W7106861035

Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
Title: Projections of Earth's Technosphere: Strategies for Observing Technosignatures on Terrestrial Exoplanets

Work title
Type: article

OpenAlex work type
Publication year: 2025

Year of publication
Publication date: 2025-11-25

Full publication date if available
Authors: Haqq-Misra, Jacob, Kopparapu, Ravi, Profitiliotis, George

List of authors in order
Landing page: https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.20329

Publisher landing page
PDF URL: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2511.20329

Direct link to full text PDF
Open access: Yes

Whether a free full text is available
OA status: green

Open access status per OpenAlex
OA URL: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2511.20329

Direct OA link when available
Concepts: Exoplanet, Astrobiology, Extraterrestrial life, Solar System, Planetary habitability, Planet, Observatory, Terrestrial planet, Astronomy, Interplanetary spaceflight, Remote sensing, Circumstellar habitable zone, Asteroid, Physics, Habitability, Atmosphere (unit), Planetary science, Comet, Interferometry, Space exploration, Planetary system, Environmental science, Interplanetary medium, Coronagraph, Search for extraterrestrial intelligence

Top concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
Cited by: 0

Total citation count in OpenAlex

Full payload

id	https://openalex.org/W7106861035
doi
ids.openalex	https://openalex.org/W7106861035
fwci	0.0
type	article
title	Projections of Earth's Technosphere: Strategies for Observing Technosignatures on Terrestrial Exoplanets
biblio.issue
biblio.volume
biblio.last_page
biblio.first_page
topics[0].id	https://openalex.org/T12788
topics[0].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/31
topics[0].field.display_name	Physics and Astronomy
topics[0].score	0.7593735456466675
topics[0].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/3
topics[0].domain.display_name	Physical Sciences
topics[0].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/3103
topics[0].subfield.display_name	Astronomy and Astrophysics
topics[0].display_name	Space Science and Extraterrestrial Life
topics[1].id	https://openalex.org/T12917
topics[1].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/31
topics[1].field.display_name	Physics and Astronomy
topics[1].score	0.0361584797501564
topics[1].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/3
topics[1].domain.display_name	Physical Sciences
topics[1].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/3105
topics[1].subfield.display_name	Instrumentation
topics[1].display_name	Astronomy and Astrophysical Research
topics[2].id	https://openalex.org/T10039
topics[2].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/31
topics[2].field.display_name	Physics and Astronomy
topics[2].score	0.027828378602862358
topics[2].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/3
topics[2].domain.display_name	Physical Sciences
topics[2].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/3103
topics[2].subfield.display_name	Astronomy and Astrophysics
topics[2].display_name	Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
is_xpac	False
apc_list
apc_paid
concepts[0].id	https://openalex.org/C163479331
concepts[0].level	3
concepts[0].score	0.9207552671432495
concepts[0].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44559
concepts[0].display_name	Exoplanet
concepts[1].id	https://openalex.org/C87355193
concepts[1].level	1
concepts[1].score	0.7846583127975464
concepts[1].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411
concepts[1].display_name	Astrobiology
concepts[2].id	https://openalex.org/C98536072
concepts[2].level	2
concepts[2].score	0.6718466281890869
concepts[2].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181508
concepts[2].display_name	Extraterrestrial life
concepts[3].id	https://openalex.org/C539450922
concepts[3].level	2
concepts[3].score	0.6403313279151917
concepts[3].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q544
concepts[3].display_name	Solar System
concepts[4].id	https://openalex.org/C162053735
concepts[4].level	4
concepts[4].score	0.5971041917800903
concepts[4].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846030
concepts[4].display_name	Planetary habitability
concepts[5].id	https://openalex.org/C51244244
concepts[5].level	2
concepts[5].score	0.5818679332733154
concepts[5].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q634
concepts[5].display_name	Planet
concepts[6].id	https://openalex.org/C2779919027
concepts[6].level	2
concepts[6].score	0.5339483022689819
concepts[6].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62832
concepts[6].display_name	Observatory
concepts[7].id	https://openalex.org/C154010619
concepts[7].level	3
concepts[7].score	0.5169631838798523
concepts[7].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128207
concepts[7].display_name	Terrestrial planet
concepts[8].id	https://openalex.org/C1276947
concepts[8].level	1
concepts[8].score	0.49117037653923035
concepts[8].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333
concepts[8].display_name	Astronomy
concepts[9].id	https://openalex.org/C194462397
concepts[9].level	4
concepts[9].score	0.4906693994998932
concepts[9].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q834235
concepts[9].display_name	Interplanetary spaceflight
concepts[10].id	https://openalex.org/C62649853
concepts[10].level	1
concepts[10].score	0.4220169186592102
concepts[10].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687
concepts[10].display_name	Remote sensing
concepts[11].id	https://openalex.org/C51553727
concepts[11].level	4
concepts[11].score	0.3826475441455841
concepts[11].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215913
concepts[11].display_name	Circumstellar habitable zone
concepts[12].id	https://openalex.org/C58142911
concepts[12].level	2
concepts[12].score	0.37850192189216614
concepts[12].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3863
concepts[12].display_name	Asteroid
concepts[13].id	https://openalex.org/C121332964
concepts[13].level	0
concepts[13].score	0.35982492566108704
concepts[13].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413
concepts[13].display_name	Physics
concepts[14].id	https://openalex.org/C21435255
concepts[14].level	3
concepts[14].score	0.3282175362110138
concepts[14].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5636875
concepts[14].display_name	Habitability
concepts[15].id	https://openalex.org/C65440619
concepts[15].level	2
concepts[15].score	0.31024545431137085
concepts[15].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177974
concepts[15].display_name	Atmosphere (unit)
concepts[16].id	https://openalex.org/C152551177
concepts[16].level	2
concepts[16].score	0.3060985207557678
concepts[16].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104499
concepts[16].display_name	Planetary science
concepts[17].id	https://openalex.org/C94081185
concepts[17].level	2
concepts[17].score	0.30603286623954773
concepts[17].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3559
concepts[17].display_name	Comet
concepts[18].id	https://openalex.org/C166689943
concepts[18].level	2
concepts[18].score	0.3049542009830475
concepts[18].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850283
concepts[18].display_name	Interferometry
concepts[19].id	https://openalex.org/C104060986
concepts[19].level	2
concepts[19].score	0.3018365502357483
concepts[19].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180046
concepts[19].display_name	Space exploration
concepts[20].id	https://openalex.org/C100905312
concepts[20].level	3
concepts[20].score	0.2975594401359558
concepts[20].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q206717
concepts[20].display_name	Planetary system
concepts[21].id	https://openalex.org/C39432304
concepts[21].level	0
concepts[21].score	0.28116387128829956
concepts[21].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847
concepts[21].display_name	Environmental science
concepts[22].id	https://openalex.org/C96819898
concepts[22].level	5
concepts[22].score	0.276969850063324
concepts[22].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1118875
concepts[22].display_name	Interplanetary medium
concepts[23].id	https://openalex.org/C133286888
concepts[23].level	4
concepts[23].score	0.26728954911231995
concepts[23].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q835032
concepts[23].display_name	Coronagraph
concepts[24].id	https://openalex.org/C183211975
concepts[24].level	2
concepts[24].score	0.2572360932826996
concepts[24].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484587
concepts[24].display_name	Search for extraterrestrial intelligence
keywords[0].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/exoplanet
keywords[0].score	0.9207552671432495
keywords[0].display_name	Exoplanet
keywords[1].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/extraterrestrial-life
keywords[1].score	0.6718466281890869
keywords[1].display_name	Extraterrestrial life
keywords[2].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/solar-system
keywords[2].score	0.6403313279151917
keywords[2].display_name	Solar System
keywords[3].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/planetary-habitability
keywords[3].score	0.5971041917800903
keywords[3].display_name	Planetary habitability
keywords[4].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/planet
keywords[4].score	0.5818679332733154
keywords[4].display_name	Planet
keywords[5].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/observatory
keywords[5].score	0.5339483022689819
keywords[5].display_name	Observatory
keywords[6].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/terrestrial-planet
keywords[6].score	0.5169631838798523
keywords[6].display_name	Terrestrial planet
keywords[7].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/interplanetary-spaceflight
keywords[7].score	0.4906693994998932
keywords[7].display_name	Interplanetary spaceflight
language
locations[0].id	pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2511.20329
locations[0].is_oa	True
locations[0].source.id	https://openalex.org/S4306400194
locations[0].source.issn
locations[0].source.type	repository
locations[0].source.is_oa	True
locations[0].source.issn_l
locations[0].source.is_core	False
locations[0].source.is_in_doaj	False
locations[0].source.display_name	arXiv (Cornell University)
locations[0].source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/I205783295
locations[0].source.host_organization_name	Cornell University
locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/I205783295
locations[0].license
locations[0].pdf_url	https://arxiv.org/pdf/2511.20329
locations[0].version	submittedVersion
locations[0].raw_type	text
locations[0].license_id
locations[0].is_accepted	False
locations[0].is_published	False
locations[0].raw_source_name
locations[0].landing_page_url	http://arxiv.org/abs/2511.20329
indexed_in	arxiv
authorships[0].author.id	https://openalex.org/A4222221216
authorships[0].author.orcid
authorships[0].author.display_name	Haqq-Misra, Jacob
authorships[0].author_position	first
authorships[0].raw_author_name	Haqq-Misra, Jacob
authorships[0].is_corresponding	True
authorships[1].author.id	https://openalex.org/A4222221215
authorships[1].author.orcid
authorships[1].author.display_name	Kopparapu, Ravi
authorships[1].author_position	middle
authorships[1].raw_author_name	Kopparapu, Ravi
authorships[1].is_corresponding	False
authorships[2].author.id	https://openalex.org/A4297163874
authorships[2].author.orcid
authorships[2].author.display_name	Profitiliotis, George
authorships[2].author_position	last
authorships[2].raw_author_name	Profitiliotis, George
authorships[2].is_corresponding	False
has_content.pdf	False
has_content.grobid_xml	False
is_paratext	False
open_access.is_oa	True
open_access.oa_url	https://arxiv.org/pdf/2511.20329
open_access.oa_status	green
open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext	False
created_date	2025-11-28T00:00:00
display_name	Projections of Earth's Technosphere: Strategies for Observing Technosignatures on Terrestrial Exoplanets
has_fulltext	False
is_retracted	False
updated_date	2025-11-28T02:12:24.556248
primary_topic.id	https://openalex.org/T12788
primary_topic.field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/31
primary_topic.field.display_name	Physics and Astronomy
primary_topic.score	0.7593735456466675
primary_topic.domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/3
primary_topic.domain.display_name	Physical Sciences
primary_topic.subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/3103
primary_topic.subfield.display_name	Astronomy and Astrophysics
primary_topic.display_name	Space Science and Extraterrestrial Life
cited_by_count	0
locations_count	1
best_oa_location.id	pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2511.20329
best_oa_location.is_oa	True
best_oa_location.source.id	https://openalex.org/S4306400194
best_oa_location.source.issn
best_oa_location.source.type	repository
best_oa_location.source.is_oa	True
best_oa_location.source.issn_l
best_oa_location.source.is_core	False
best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj	False
best_oa_location.source.display_name	arXiv (Cornell University)
best_oa_location.source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/I205783295
best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name	Cornell University
best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/I205783295
best_oa_location.license
best_oa_location.pdf_url	https://arxiv.org/pdf/2511.20329
best_oa_location.version	submittedVersion
best_oa_location.raw_type	text
best_oa_location.license_id
best_oa_location.is_accepted	False
best_oa_location.is_published	False
best_oa_location.raw_source_name
best_oa_location.landing_page_url	http://arxiv.org/abs/2511.20329
primary_location.id	pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2511.20329
primary_location.is_oa	True
primary_location.source.id	https://openalex.org/S4306400194
primary_location.source.issn
primary_location.source.type	repository
primary_location.source.is_oa	True
primary_location.source.issn_l
primary_location.source.is_core	False
primary_location.source.is_in_doaj	False
primary_location.source.display_name	arXiv (Cornell University)
primary_location.source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/I205783295
primary_location.source.host_organization_name	Cornell University
primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/I205783295
primary_location.license
primary_location.pdf_url	https://arxiv.org/pdf/2511.20329
primary_location.version	submittedVersion
primary_location.raw_type	text
primary_location.license_id
primary_location.is_accepted	False
primary_location.is_published	False
primary_location.raw_source_name
primary_location.landing_page_url	http://arxiv.org/abs/2511.20329
publication_date	2025-11-25
publication_year	2025
referenced_works_count	0
abstract_inverted_index.+	113, 179, 186, 188, 200, 202
abstract_inverted_index.a	67, 89, 111, 213
abstract_inverted_index.--	4, 11
abstract_inverted_index.We	64, 102
abstract_inverted_index.an	233
abstract_inverted_index.as	21, 23, 79, 174, 212
abstract_inverted_index.at	47, 157
abstract_inverted_index.be	126, 240
abstract_inverted_index.by	99, 154
abstract_inverted_index.in	128, 131, 147, 181, 190, 223
abstract_inverted_index.no	229
abstract_inverted_index.of	8, 19, 25, 40, 44, 71, 110, 133, 149, 177, 194, 249
abstract_inverted_index.on	116, 251
abstract_inverted_index.or	236
abstract_inverted_index.to	61, 87, 130, 245
abstract_inverted_index.up	129
abstract_inverted_index.we	85
abstract_inverted_index.HWO	96, 105
abstract_inverted_index.The	0
abstract_inverted_index.and	49, 97, 120, 184
abstract_inverted_index.for	2, 75, 81, 164
abstract_inverted_index.one	191
abstract_inverted_index.set	70
abstract_inverted_index.ten	72, 135
abstract_inverted_index.the	16, 30, 38, 42, 134, 150, 161, 175, 198, 241, 247
abstract_inverted_index.two	148, 193, 224
abstract_inverted_index.use	86
abstract_inverted_index.way	244
abstract_inverted_index.Lens	216
abstract_inverted_index.also	196
abstract_inverted_index.draw	65
abstract_inverted_index.find	103
abstract_inverted_index.four	182
abstract_inverted_index.from	15, 171, 205
abstract_inverted_index.like	29
abstract_inverted_index.most	242
abstract_inverted_index.pair	115
abstract_inverted_index.show	228
abstract_inverted_index.such	173, 211
abstract_inverted_index.that	104, 226
abstract_inverted_index.this	59
abstract_inverted_index.upon	13, 66
abstract_inverted_index.well	22
abstract_inverted_index.will	35
abstract_inverted_index.with	95, 118, 160
abstract_inverted_index.(HWO)	34
abstract_inverted_index.Earth	20, 77
abstract_inverted_index.Large	162
abstract_inverted_index.Other	208
abstract_inverted_index.Solar	214
abstract_inverted_index.could	57, 106, 125, 140, 167, 218
abstract_inverted_index.draws	12
abstract_inverted_index.eight	132
abstract_inverted_index.other	53, 100, 121
abstract_inverted_index.probe	237
abstract_inverted_index.radio	138
abstract_inverted_index.study	153
abstract_inverted_index.these	195
abstract_inverted_index.which	84, 124, 145
abstract_inverted_index.while	52, 232
abstract_inverted_index.would	239
abstract_inverted_index.(LIFE)	166
abstract_inverted_index.CF$_4$	189
abstract_inverted_index.CH$_4$	201
abstract_inverted_index.CO$_2$	112, 178, 185
abstract_inverted_index.N$_2$O	199
abstract_inverted_index.NH$_3$	203
abstract_inverted_index.NO$_2$	114
abstract_inverted_index.Worlds	32
abstract_inverted_index.direct	155
abstract_inverted_index.extend	58
abstract_inverted_index.fly-by	235
abstract_inverted_index.future	54, 76
abstract_inverted_index.occurs	146
abstract_inverted_index.recent	17
abstract_inverted_index.reveal	107, 141, 168, 219, 246
abstract_inverted_index.search	1, 60, 92
abstract_inverted_index.triple	204
abstract_inverted_index.Earth's	26
abstract_inverted_index.Further	152
abstract_inverted_index.advance	37
abstract_inverted_index.analogs	80
abstract_inverted_index.history	18
abstract_inverted_index.include	197
abstract_inverted_index.mission	55, 209, 217, 238
abstract_inverted_index.outline	88
abstract_inverted_index.planets	117
abstract_inverted_index.surface	221
abstract_inverted_index.visible	48
abstract_inverted_index.concepts	56, 210
abstract_inverted_index.directed	143
abstract_inverted_index.elevated	108
abstract_inverted_index.evidence	7
abstract_inverted_index.examples	14
abstract_inverted_index.features	170, 222
abstract_inverted_index.followed	98
abstract_inverted_index.presence	248
abstract_inverted_index.recently	68
abstract_inverted_index.remotely	5
abstract_inverted_index.spectral	169
abstract_inverted_index.stepwise	90
abstract_inverted_index.strategy	93
abstract_inverted_index.CFC-11/12	180, 187
abstract_inverted_index.Follow-up	137
abstract_inverted_index.Habitable	31
abstract_inverted_index.beginning	94
abstract_inverted_index.detection	156
abstract_inverted_index.developed	69
abstract_inverted_index.habitable	45
abstract_inverted_index.industry,	123, 172
abstract_inverted_index.missions.	101
abstract_inverted_index.otherwise	227
abstract_inverted_index.scenario;	192
abstract_inverted_index.scenarios	74, 183, 225
abstract_inverted_index.Exoplanets	165
abstract_inverted_index.Facilities	28
abstract_inverted_index.abundances	109
abstract_inverted_index.combustion	119
abstract_inverted_index.conclusive	243
abstract_inverted_index.detectable	6, 230
abstract_inverted_index.exoplanets	46
abstract_inverted_index.observable	127
abstract_inverted_index.scenarios.	136, 151
abstract_inverted_index.technology	10, 250
abstract_inverted_index.Observatory	33
abstract_inverted_index.atmospheres	43
abstract_inverted_index.combination	176
abstract_inverted_index.exoplanets.	253
abstract_inverted_index.feasibility	39
abstract_inverted_index.large-scale	122, 206, 220
abstract_inverted_index.narrow-band	142
abstract_inverted_index.projections	24
abstract_inverted_index.terrestrial	252
abstract_inverted_index.wavelengths	159
abstract_inverted_index.agriculture.	207
abstract_inverted_index.mid-infrared	62, 158
abstract_inverted_index.observations	139
abstract_inverted_index.wavelengths,	51
abstract_inverted_index.wavelengths.	63
abstract_inverted_index.Gravitational	215
abstract_inverted_index.near-infrared	50
abstract_inverted_index.significantly	36
abstract_inverted_index.technosphere.	27
abstract_inverted_index.technospheres	78
abstract_inverted_index.Interferometer	163
abstract_inverted_index.characterizing	41
abstract_inverted_index.interplanetary	234
abstract_inverted_index.technospheres,	83
abstract_inverted_index.transmissions,	144
abstract_inverted_index.self-consistent	73
abstract_inverted_index.technosignature	91
abstract_inverted_index.extraterrestrial	9, 82
abstract_inverted_index.technosignatures	3
abstract_inverted_index.technosignatures,	231
cited_by_percentile_year
countries_distinct_count	0
institutions_distinct_count	3
citation_normalized_percentile.value	0.80553281
citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent	False
citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent	False