Proposing adjustments to heat safety thresholds for junior high and high school sports clubs in Japan Article Swipe
Takahiro Oyama
,
Yasushi Honda
,
Minoru Fujii
,
Kenichi Nakajima
,
Yasuaki Hijioka
·
YOU?
·
· 2024
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4672275/v1
YOU?
·
· 2024
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4672275/v1
With higher temperatures expected in the future due to global climate change, addressing health risks such as heat illness is increasingly important. In Japan, thousands of heat illness cases occur annually during school sports club activities. The risk may vary by sport, location, and region, but how heat safety thresholds (HSTs) should be adjusted to provide effective guidelines remains uncertain. Thus, we conducted a case-crossover study using data of heat illness cases and wet-bulb globe temperature (WBGT) throughout Japan to evaluate the heat illness risk for the current HSTs and propose adjustments. A significant relationship was found between heat illness incidence and WBGT at the time of the incident, as well as the average WBGT one and two days prior. The risk significantly varies with factors such as club, region, location, year, month, and the average WBGT in summer. Therefore, we recommend lowering the current HSTs by one category (3°C) in the following cases: (1) clubs at high risk (baseball, softball, soccer/futsal, tennis, track and field, kyudo, and other with sustained exercise or thick uniforms); (2) from April to June; (3) in cooler regions (Hokkaido, Tohoku, Hokuriku, or where the average WBGT in summer ≦ 18℃); (4) for outdoor activities; (5) when heat rapidly increases without adequate heat acclimatization.
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Metadata
- Type
- preprint
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4672275/v1
- https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-4672275/latest.pdf
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 1
- References
- 31
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
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All OpenAlex metadata
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https://openalex.org/W4401745913Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
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https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4672275/v1Digital Object Identifier
- Title
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Proposing adjustments to heat safety thresholds for junior high and high school sports clubs in JapanWork title
- Type
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preprintOpenAlex work type
- Language
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enPrimary language
- Publication year
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2024Year of publication
- Publication date
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2024-08-18Full publication date if available
- Authors
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Takahiro Oyama, Yasushi Honda, Minoru Fujii, Kenichi Nakajima, Yasuaki HijiokaList of authors in order
- Landing page
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https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4672275/v1Publisher landing page
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https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-4672275/latest.pdfDirect link to full text PDF
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YesWhether a free full text is available
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goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
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https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-4672275/latest.pdfDirect OA link when available
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Medical education, High heat, Psychology, Mathematics education, Business, Medicine, Materials science, Composite materialTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
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1Total citation count in OpenAlex
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2024: 1Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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| abstract_inverted_index.rapidly | 204 |
| abstract_inverted_index.region, | 45, 130 |
| abstract_inverted_index.regions | 184 |
| abstract_inverted_index.remains | 59 |
| abstract_inverted_index.summer. | 139 |
| abstract_inverted_index.tennis, | 163 |
| abstract_inverted_index.without | 206 |
| abstract_inverted_index.adequate | 207 |
| abstract_inverted_index.adjusted | 54 |
| abstract_inverted_index.annually | 31 |
| abstract_inverted_index.category | 149 |
| abstract_inverted_index.evaluate | 81 |
| abstract_inverted_index.exercise | 172 |
| abstract_inverted_index.expected | 4 |
| abstract_inverted_index.lowering | 143 |
| abstract_inverted_index.wet-bulb | 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Hokuriku, | 187 |
| abstract_inverted_index.conducted | 63 |
| abstract_inverted_index.effective | 57 |
| abstract_inverted_index.following | 153 |
| abstract_inverted_index.incidence | 101 |
| abstract_inverted_index.incident, | 109 |
| abstract_inverted_index.increases | 205 |
| abstract_inverted_index.location, | 43, 131 |
| abstract_inverted_index.recommend | 142 |
| abstract_inverted_index.softball, | 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sustained | 171 |
| abstract_inverted_index.thousands | 25 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(Hokkaido, | 185 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(baseball, | 160 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Therefore, | 140 |
| abstract_inverted_index.addressing | 13 |
| abstract_inverted_index.guidelines | 58 |
| abstract_inverted_index.important. | 22 |
| abstract_inverted_index.thresholds | 50 |
| abstract_inverted_index.throughout | 78 |
| abstract_inverted_index.uncertain. | 60 |
| abstract_inverted_index.uniforms); | 175 |
| abstract_inverted_index.activities. | 36 |
| abstract_inverted_index.activities; | 200 |
| abstract_inverted_index.significant | 94 |
| abstract_inverted_index.temperature | 76 |
| abstract_inverted_index.adjustments. | 92 |
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| abstract_inverted_index.case-crossover | 65 |
| abstract_inverted_index.soccer/futsal, | 162 |
| abstract_inverted_index.acclimatization. | 209 |
| abstract_inverted_index.<title>Abstract</title> | 0 |
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| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 90 |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 5 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.8100000023841858 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Climate action |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.65643438 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | False |