Prospects of Novel and Repurposed Immunomodulatory Drugs against Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Associated with COVID-19 Disease Article Swipe
Smruti Sudha Nayak
,
Akshayata Naidu
,
Sajitha Lulu
,
Vino Sundararajan
,
Gurudeeban Selvaraj
·
YOU?
·
· 2023
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13040664
YOU?
·
· 2023
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13040664
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is intricately linked with SARS-CoV-2-associated disease severity and mortality, especially in patients with co-morbidities. Lung tissue injury caused as a consequence of ARDS leads to fluid build-up in the alveolar sacs, which in turn affects oxygen supply from the capillaries. ARDS is a result of a hyperinflammatory, non-specific local immune response (cytokine storm), which is aggravated as the virus evades and meddles with protective anti-viral innate immune responses. Treatment and management of ARDS remain a major challenge, first, because the condition develops as the virus keeps replicating and, therefore, immunomodulatory drugs are required to be used with caution. Second, the hyperinflammatory responses observed during ARDS are quite heterogeneous and dependent on the stage of the disease and the clinical history of the patients. In this review, we present different anti-rheumatic drugs, natural compounds, monoclonal antibodies, and RNA therapeutics and discuss their application in the management of ARDS. We also discuss on the suitability of each of these drug classes at different stages of the disease. In the last section, we discuss the potential applications of advanced computational approaches in identifying reliable drug targets and in screening out credible lead compounds against ARDS.
Related Topics
Concepts
ARDS
Medicine
Cytokine storm
Disease
Intensive care medicine
Diffuse alveolar damage
Immunology
Acute respiratory distress
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Bioinformatics
Lung
Infectious disease (medical specialty)
Internal medicine
Biology
Metadata
- Type
- review
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13040664
- https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4426/13/4/664/pdf?version=1681473597
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 3
- References
- 134
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4365509178
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W4365509178Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13040664Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Prospects of Novel and Repurposed Immunomodulatory Drugs against Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Associated with COVID-19 DiseaseWork title
- Type
-
reviewOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2023Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2023-04-13Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Smruti Sudha Nayak, Akshayata Naidu, Sajitha Lulu, Vino Sundararajan, Gurudeeban SelvarajList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13040664Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4426/13/4/664/pdf?version=1681473597Direct link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4426/13/4/664/pdf?version=1681473597Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
-
ARDS, Medicine, Cytokine storm, Disease, Intensive care medicine, Diffuse alveolar damage, Immunology, Acute respiratory distress, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Bioinformatics, Lung, Infectious disease (medical specialty), Internal medicine, BiologyTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
3Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 1, 2024: 2Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
134Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W4365509178 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13040664 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13040664 |
| ids.pmid | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37109050 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W4365509178 |
| fwci | 0.84502397 |
| type | review |
| title | Prospects of Novel and Repurposed Immunomodulatory Drugs against Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Associated with COVID-19 Disease |
| biblio.issue | 4 |
| biblio.volume | 13 |
| biblio.last_page | 664 |
| biblio.first_page | 664 |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T10041 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Medicine |
| topics[0].score | 0.9994000196456909 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2725 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Infectious Diseases |
| topics[0].display_name | COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T10118 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Medicine |
| topics[1].score | 0.995199978351593 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2725 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Infectious Diseases |
| topics[1].display_name | SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T10322 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Medicine |
| topics[2].score | 0.9944000244140625 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2740 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine |
| topics[2].display_name | Respiratory Support and Mechanisms |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list.value | 2000 |
| apc_list.currency | CHF |
| apc_list.value_usd | 2165 |
| apc_paid.value | 2000 |
| apc_paid.currency | CHF |
| apc_paid.value_usd | 2165 |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C2776348555 |
| concepts[0].level | 3 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.9778675436973572 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q344873 |
| concepts[0].display_name | ARDS |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C71924100 |
| concepts[1].level | 0 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.7858120799064636 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Medicine |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C2779559532 |
| concepts[2].level | 5 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.7533151507377625 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1076369 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Cytokine storm |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C2779134260 |
| concepts[3].level | 2 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.5780725479125977 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Disease |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C177713679 |
| concepts[4].level | 1 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.4871904253959656 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Intensive care medicine |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C9418649 |
| concepts[5].level | 4 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.46639248728752136 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5275407 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Diffuse alveolar damage |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C203014093 |
| concepts[6].level | 1 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.46446743607521057 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Immunology |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C2909621147 |
| concepts[7].level | 3 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.38827890157699585 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q344873 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Acute respiratory distress |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C3008058167 |
| concepts[8].level | 4 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.34030041098594666 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C60644358 |
| concepts[9].level | 1 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.32918617129325867 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128570 |
| concepts[9].display_name | Bioinformatics |
| concepts[10].id | https://openalex.org/C2777714996 |
| concepts[10].level | 2 |
| concepts[10].score | 0.2771490514278412 |
| concepts[10].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7886 |
| concepts[10].display_name | Lung |
| concepts[11].id | https://openalex.org/C524204448 |
| concepts[11].level | 3 |
| concepts[11].score | 0.1539631187915802 |
| concepts[11].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926 |
| concepts[11].display_name | Infectious disease (medical specialty) |
| concepts[12].id | https://openalex.org/C126322002 |
| concepts[12].level | 1 |
| concepts[12].score | 0.1473214030265808 |
| concepts[12].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180 |
| concepts[12].display_name | Internal medicine |
| concepts[13].id | https://openalex.org/C86803240 |
| concepts[13].level | 0 |
| concepts[13].score | 0.10558351874351501 |
| concepts[13].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420 |
| concepts[13].display_name | Biology |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/ards |
| keywords[0].score | 0.9778675436973572 |
| keywords[0].display_name | ARDS |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine |
| keywords[1].score | 0.7858120799064636 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Medicine |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/cytokine-storm |
| keywords[2].score | 0.7533151507377625 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Cytokine storm |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/disease |
| keywords[3].score | 0.5780725479125977 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Disease |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/intensive-care-medicine |
| keywords[4].score | 0.4871904253959656 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Intensive care medicine |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/diffuse-alveolar-damage |
| keywords[5].score | 0.46639248728752136 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Diffuse alveolar damage |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/immunology |
| keywords[6].score | 0.46446743607521057 |
| keywords[6].display_name | Immunology |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/acute-respiratory-distress |
| keywords[7].score | 0.38827890157699585 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Acute respiratory distress |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/coronavirus-disease-2019 |
| keywords[8].score | 0.34030041098594666 |
| keywords[8].display_name | Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) |
| keywords[9].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/bioinformatics |
| keywords[9].score | 0.32918617129325867 |
| keywords[9].display_name | Bioinformatics |
| keywords[10].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/lung |
| keywords[10].score | 0.2771490514278412 |
| keywords[10].display_name | Lung |
| keywords[11].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/infectious-disease |
| keywords[11].score | 0.1539631187915802 |
| keywords[11].display_name | Infectious disease (medical specialty) |
| keywords[12].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine |
| keywords[12].score | 0.1473214030265808 |
| keywords[12].display_name | Internal medicine |
| keywords[13].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/biology |
| keywords[13].score | 0.10558351874351501 |
| keywords[13].display_name | Biology |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.3390/jpm13040664 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S2736780684 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 2075-4426 |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 2075-4426 |
| locations[0].source.is_core | True |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[0].source.display_name | Journal of Personalized Medicine |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| locations[0].license | cc-by |
| locations[0].pdf_url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4426/13/4/664/pdf?version=1681473597 |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | Journal of Personalized Medicine |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13040664 |
| locations[1].id | pmid:37109050 |
| locations[1].is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306525036 |
| locations[1].source.issn | |
| locations[1].source.type | repository |
| locations[1].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.issn_l | |
| locations[1].source.is_core | False |
| locations[1].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[1].source.display_name | PubMed |
| locations[1].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].license | |
| locations[1].pdf_url | |
| locations[1].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[1].raw_type | |
| locations[1].license_id | |
| locations[1].is_accepted | True |
| locations[1].is_published | True |
| locations[1].raw_source_name | Journal of personalized medicine |
| locations[1].landing_page_url | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37109050 |
| locations[2].id | pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10142859 |
| locations[2].is_oa | True |
| locations[2].source.id | https://openalex.org/S2764455111 |
| locations[2].source.issn | |
| locations[2].source.type | repository |
| locations[2].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[2].source.issn_l | |
| locations[2].source.is_core | False |
| locations[2].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[2].source.display_name | PubMed Central |
| locations[2].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[2].license | cc-by |
| locations[2].pdf_url | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10142859/pdf/jpm-13-00664.pdf |
| locations[2].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[2].raw_type | Text |
| locations[2].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[2].is_accepted | False |
| locations[2].is_published | False |
| locations[2].raw_source_name | J Pers Med |
| locations[2].landing_page_url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10142859 |
| locations[3].id | pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2075-4426/13/4/664/ |
| locations[3].is_oa | True |
| locations[3].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306400947 |
| locations[3].source.issn | |
| locations[3].source.type | repository |
| locations[3].source.is_oa | True |
| locations[3].source.issn_l | |
| locations[3].source.is_core | False |
| locations[3].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[3].source.display_name | MDPI (MDPI AG) |
| locations[3].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I4210097602 |
| locations[3].source.host_organization_name | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland) |
| locations[3].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210097602 |
| locations[3].license | cc-by |
| locations[3].pdf_url | |
| locations[3].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[3].raw_type | Text |
| locations[3].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[3].is_accepted | False |
| locations[3].is_published | False |
| locations[3].raw_source_name | Journal of Personalized Medicine |
| locations[3].landing_page_url | https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm13040664 |
| indexed_in | crossref, pubmed |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5021031840 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8657-6008 |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Smruti Sudha Nayak |
| authorships[0].countries | IN |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I876193797 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Bio-Sciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I876193797 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00qzypv28 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I876193797 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | IN |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | Vellore Institute of Technology University |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Smruti Nayak |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Bio-Sciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5063277297 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8958-2622 |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Akshayata Naidu |
| authorships[1].countries | IN |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I876193797 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I876193797 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00qzypv28 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I876193797 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | IN |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | Vellore Institute of Technology University |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Akshayata Naidu |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5053581026 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3392-4168 |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Sajitha Lulu |
| authorships[2].countries | IN |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I876193797 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I876193797 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00qzypv28 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I876193797 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | IN |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | Vellore Institute of Technology University |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Sajitha Sudhakaran |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5004927996 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0015-8460 |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | Vino Sundararajan |
| authorships[3].countries | IN |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I876193797 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Bio-Sciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I876193797 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00qzypv28 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I876193797 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code | IN |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name | Vellore Institute of Technology University |
| authorships[3].author_position | middle |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | Sundararajan Vino |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Bio-Sciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India |
| authorships[4].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5087272193 |
| authorships[4].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7223-3853 |
| authorships[4].author.display_name | Gurudeeban Selvaraj |
| authorships[4].countries | CA |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I60158472 |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Centre for Research in Molecular Modeling, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University-Loyola Campus, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I60158472 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/0420zvk78 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I60158472 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].country_code | CA |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].display_name | Concordia University |
| authorships[4].author_position | last |
| authorships[4].raw_author_name | Gurudeeban Selvaraj |
| authorships[4].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[4].raw_affiliation_strings | Centre for Research in Molecular Modeling, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University-Loyola Campus, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada |
| has_content.pdf | True |
| has_content.grobid_xml | True |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4426/13/4/664/pdf?version=1681473597 |
| open_access.oa_status | gold |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | Prospects of Novel and Repurposed Immunomodulatory Drugs against Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Associated with COVID-19 Disease |
| has_fulltext | True |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T10041 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Medicine |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9994000196456909 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2725 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Infectious Diseases |
| primary_topic.display_name | COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W3109505888, https://openalex.org/W2493937886, https://openalex.org/W3041276741, https://openalex.org/W3030815635, https://openalex.org/W3125338983, https://openalex.org/W103021685, https://openalex.org/W2024271466, https://openalex.org/W3032464864, https://openalex.org/W161659851, https://openalex.org/W2219169088 |
| cited_by_count | 3 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2025 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 1 |
| counts_by_year[1].year | 2024 |
| counts_by_year[1].cited_by_count | 2 |
| locations_count | 4 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.3390/jpm13040664 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S2736780684 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | 2075-4426 |
| best_oa_location.source.type | journal |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | 2075-4426 |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | True |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | Journal of Personalized Medicine |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| best_oa_location.license | cc-by |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4426/13/4/664/pdf?version=1681473597 |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | Journal of Personalized Medicine |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13040664 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.3390/jpm13040664 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S2736780684 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 2075-4426 |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 2075-4426 |
| primary_location.source.is_core | True |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| primary_location.source.display_name | Journal of Personalized Medicine |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| primary_location.license | cc-by |
| primary_location.pdf_url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4426/13/4/664/pdf?version=1681473597 |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | Journal of Personalized Medicine |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13040664 |
| publication_date | 2023-04-13 |
| publication_year | 2023 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W3013824109, https://openalex.org/W3124810175, https://openalex.org/W3014103883, https://openalex.org/W3036280377, https://openalex.org/W3023873927, https://openalex.org/W3048259608, https://openalex.org/W3004280078, https://openalex.org/W2096682768, https://openalex.org/W4205823334, https://openalex.org/W3093211696, https://openalex.org/W3080981445, https://openalex.org/W3109283769, https://openalex.org/W2802300814, https://openalex.org/W2016032323, https://openalex.org/W4318195472, https://openalex.org/W3085242789, https://openalex.org/W2601656232, https://openalex.org/W3177237905, https://openalex.org/W3139521427, https://openalex.org/W3032902005, https://openalex.org/W4200255055, https://openalex.org/W6784546006, https://openalex.org/W3113314881, https://openalex.org/W4313907807, https://openalex.org/W3176725278, https://openalex.org/W4309243698, https://openalex.org/W4309570554, https://openalex.org/W3087156149, https://openalex.org/W3188085711, https://openalex.org/W3033731522, https://openalex.org/W3109138348, https://openalex.org/W3093086980, https://openalex.org/W3134383271, https://openalex.org/W4220939720, https://openalex.org/W4296180462, https://openalex.org/W3025103607, https://openalex.org/W3129167511, https://openalex.org/W3202995240, https://openalex.org/W3165269354, https://openalex.org/W3170671764, https://openalex.org/W3134674969, https://openalex.org/W3041043833, https://openalex.org/W3046912561, https://openalex.org/W3110077716, https://openalex.org/W3120463228, https://openalex.org/W3137312590, https://openalex.org/W4282919145, https://openalex.org/W4214726967, https://openalex.org/W3024536180, https://openalex.org/W3193494785, https://openalex.org/W3093579719, https://openalex.org/W3146431923, https://openalex.org/W3162362621, https://openalex.org/W3012421327, https://openalex.org/W3159761895, https://openalex.org/W3134174548, https://openalex.org/W3157913805, https://openalex.org/W3119294241, https://openalex.org/W3091553776, https://openalex.org/W2120332428, https://openalex.org/W3126672666, https://openalex.org/W3045035401, https://openalex.org/W3154539840, https://openalex.org/W3038622946, https://openalex.org/W3154587025, https://openalex.org/W2908144803, https://openalex.org/W3214320583, https://openalex.org/W3191712277, https://openalex.org/W4206904759, https://openalex.org/W4318219784, https://openalex.org/W4318671871, https://openalex.org/W3132342356, https://openalex.org/W3096102637, https://openalex.org/W3197448026, https://openalex.org/W3137235816, https://openalex.org/W4306698118, https://openalex.org/W2966015709, https://openalex.org/W2586548695, https://openalex.org/W3127542615, https://openalex.org/W3034328821, https://openalex.org/W3162594668, https://openalex.org/W3135833838, https://openalex.org/W3093949211, https://openalex.org/W4286721853, https://openalex.org/W3046658973, https://openalex.org/W3159918929, https://openalex.org/W4214669202, https://openalex.org/W4283389535, https://openalex.org/W2965298397, https://openalex.org/W3000426942, https://openalex.org/W2984658254, https://openalex.org/W4283384753, https://openalex.org/W3212571457, https://openalex.org/W2930244394, https://openalex.org/W4253005397, https://openalex.org/W4281615959, https://openalex.org/W3011072970, https://openalex.org/W4206422705, https://openalex.org/W2593308633, https://openalex.org/W3033000020, https://openalex.org/W3200628798, https://openalex.org/W4303986390, https://openalex.org/W2937307539, https://openalex.org/W3008194656, https://openalex.org/W7073671929, https://openalex.org/W2934321718, https://openalex.org/W2982188507, https://openalex.org/W2117893855, https://openalex.org/W4311173100, https://openalex.org/W4224246639, https://openalex.org/W3029848232, https://openalex.org/W3041467169, https://openalex.org/W4304190113, https://openalex.org/W4297251513, https://openalex.org/W3215209054, https://openalex.org/W3128378288, https://openalex.org/W4220998262, https://openalex.org/W6734757711, https://openalex.org/W3017271475, https://openalex.org/W4313894492, https://openalex.org/W4300862731, https://openalex.org/W2750984562, https://openalex.org/W1886819223, https://openalex.org/W3001064097, https://openalex.org/W1976103657, https://openalex.org/W2033245528, https://openalex.org/W2344167575, https://openalex.org/W1991818562, https://openalex.org/W3038958977, https://openalex.org/W4225514983, https://openalex.org/W3132686237, https://openalex.org/W3158868742, https://openalex.org/W4285686293, https://openalex.org/W3095015875 |
| referenced_works_count | 134 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 24, 47, 50, 79 |
| abstract_inverted_index.In | 128, 170 |
| abstract_inverted_index.We | 152 |
| abstract_inverted_index.as | 23, 61, 87 |
| abstract_inverted_index.at | 164 |
| abstract_inverted_index.be | 99 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 15, 32, 37, 147, 183, 189 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 5, 46, 59 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 26, 49, 76, 118, 125, 150, 158, 160, 167, 179 |
| abstract_inverted_index.on | 115, 155 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 29, 98 |
| abstract_inverted_index.we | 131, 174 |
| abstract_inverted_index.RNA | 141 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 12, 65, 74, 113, 121, 140, 143, 188 |
| abstract_inverted_index.are | 96, 110 |
| abstract_inverted_index.out | 191 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 33, 43, 62, 84, 88, 104, 116, 119, 122, 126, 148, 156, 168, 171, 176 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ARDS | 27, 45, 77, 109 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Lung | 19 |
| abstract_inverted_index.also | 153 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and, | 92 |
| abstract_inverted_index.drug | 162, 186 |
| abstract_inverted_index.each | 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.from | 42 |
| abstract_inverted_index.last | 172 |
| abstract_inverted_index.lead | 193 |
| abstract_inverted_index.this | 129 |
| abstract_inverted_index.turn | 38 |
| abstract_inverted_index.used | 100 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 8, 17, 67, 101 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ARDS. | 151, 196 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Acute | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.drugs | 95 |
| abstract_inverted_index.fluid | 30 |
| abstract_inverted_index.keeps | 90 |
| abstract_inverted_index.leads | 28 |
| abstract_inverted_index.local | 53 |
| abstract_inverted_index.major | 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.quite | 111 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sacs, | 35 |
| abstract_inverted_index.stage | 117 |
| abstract_inverted_index.their | 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.these | 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.virus | 63, 89 |
| abstract_inverted_index.which | 36, 58 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(ARDS) | 4 |
| abstract_inverted_index.caused | 22 |
| abstract_inverted_index.drugs, | 135 |
| abstract_inverted_index.during | 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.evades | 64 |
| abstract_inverted_index.first, | 82 |
| abstract_inverted_index.immune | 54, 71 |
| abstract_inverted_index.injury | 21 |
| abstract_inverted_index.innate | 70 |
| abstract_inverted_index.linked | 7 |
| abstract_inverted_index.oxygen | 40 |
| abstract_inverted_index.remain | 78 |
| abstract_inverted_index.result | 48 |
| abstract_inverted_index.stages | 166 |
| abstract_inverted_index.supply | 41 |
| abstract_inverted_index.tissue | 20 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Second, | 103 |
| abstract_inverted_index.affects | 39 |
| abstract_inverted_index.against | 195 |
| abstract_inverted_index.because | 83 |
| abstract_inverted_index.classes | 163 |
| abstract_inverted_index.discuss | 144, 154, 175 |
| abstract_inverted_index.disease | 10, 120 |
| abstract_inverted_index.history | 124 |
| abstract_inverted_index.meddles | 66 |
| abstract_inverted_index.natural | 136 |
| abstract_inverted_index.present | 132 |
| abstract_inverted_index.review, | 130 |
| abstract_inverted_index.storm), | 57 |
| abstract_inverted_index.targets | 187 |
| abstract_inverted_index.advanced | 180 |
| abstract_inverted_index.alveolar | 34 |
| abstract_inverted_index.build-up | 31 |
| abstract_inverted_index.caution. | 102 |
| abstract_inverted_index.clinical | 123 |
| abstract_inverted_index.credible | 192 |
| abstract_inverted_index.develops | 86 |
| abstract_inverted_index.disease. | 169 |
| abstract_inverted_index.distress | 2 |
| abstract_inverted_index.observed | 107 |
| abstract_inverted_index.patients | 16 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reliable | 185 |
| abstract_inverted_index.required | 97 |
| abstract_inverted_index.response | 55 |
| abstract_inverted_index.section, | 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.severity | 11 |
| abstract_inverted_index.syndrome | 3 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(cytokine | 56 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Treatment | 73 |
| abstract_inverted_index.compounds | 194 |
| abstract_inverted_index.condition | 85 |
| abstract_inverted_index.dependent | 114 |
| abstract_inverted_index.different | 133, 165 |
| abstract_inverted_index.patients. | 127 |
| abstract_inverted_index.potential | 177 |
| abstract_inverted_index.responses | 106 |
| abstract_inverted_index.screening | 190 |
| abstract_inverted_index.aggravated | 60 |
| abstract_inverted_index.anti-viral | 69 |
| abstract_inverted_index.approaches | 182 |
| abstract_inverted_index.challenge, | 81 |
| abstract_inverted_index.compounds, | 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.especially | 14 |
| abstract_inverted_index.management | 75, 149 |
| abstract_inverted_index.monoclonal | 138 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mortality, | 13 |
| abstract_inverted_index.protective | 68 |
| abstract_inverted_index.responses. | 72 |
| abstract_inverted_index.therefore, | 93 |
| abstract_inverted_index.antibodies, | 139 |
| abstract_inverted_index.application | 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.consequence | 25 |
| abstract_inverted_index.identifying | 184 |
| abstract_inverted_index.intricately | 6 |
| abstract_inverted_index.replicating | 91 |
| abstract_inverted_index.respiratory | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.suitability | 157 |
| abstract_inverted_index.applications | 178 |
| abstract_inverted_index.capillaries. | 44 |
| abstract_inverted_index.non-specific | 52 |
| abstract_inverted_index.therapeutics | 142 |
| abstract_inverted_index.computational | 181 |
| abstract_inverted_index.heterogeneous | 112 |
| abstract_inverted_index.anti-rheumatic | 134 |
| abstract_inverted_index.co-morbidities. | 18 |
| abstract_inverted_index.immunomodulatory | 94 |
| abstract_inverted_index.hyperinflammatory | 105 |
| abstract_inverted_index.hyperinflammatory, | 51 |
| abstract_inverted_index.SARS-CoV-2-associated | 9 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 96 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 91 |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5004927996, https://openalex.org/A5087272193 |
| countries_distinct_count | 2 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 5 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I60158472, https://openalex.org/I876193797 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.8899999856948853 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Good health and well-being |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.66899224 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | False |