QRS 3D voltage-time integral in narrow QRS complex – Establishing the normal reference range Article Swipe
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Amulya Gupta
,
Christopher J. Harvey
,
Uzair Mahmood
,
Jacob Baer
,
Nikhil Parimi
,
Ashutosh Bapat
,
Seth H. Sheldon
,
Madhu Reddy
,
Zijun Yao
,
Yong-Kuk Lee
,
Amit Noheria
·
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2025.154069
· OA: W4412535638
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2025.154069
· OA: W4412535638
VTI<sub>QRS-3D</sub> is higher in younger individuals and males within healthy adult population but is overall higher in patients with cardiomyopathy with reduced EF. Age and sex need to be accounted for using VTI<sub>QRS-3D</sub> as a marker for cardiac disease.
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