Reducing adaptive optics latency using Xeon Phi many-core processors Article Swipe

PDF

David R. W. Barr , Alastair Basden , N. A. Dipper , Noah Schwartz ·

YOU? · · 2015 · Open Access · · DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv1813

The next generation of Extremely Large Telescopes (ELTs) for astronomy will rely heavily on the performance of their adaptive optics (AO) systems. Real-time control is at the heart of the critical technologies that will enable telescopes to deliver the best possible science and will require a very significant extrapolation from current AO hardware existing for 4–10 m telescopes. Investigating novel real-time computing architectures and testing their eligibility against anticipated challenges is one of the main priorities of technology development for the ELTs. This paper investigates the suitability of the Intel Xeon Phi, which is a commercial off-the-shelf hardware accelerator. We focus on wavefront reconstruction performance, implementing a straightforward matrix–vector multiplication (MVM) algorithm. We present benchmarking results of the Xeon Phi on a real-time Linux platform, both as a standalone processor and integrated into an existing real-time controller (RTC). Performance of single and multiple Xeon Phis are investigated. We show that this technology has the potential of greatly reducing the mean latency and variations in execution time (jitter) of large AO systems. We present both a detailed performance analysis of the Xeon Phi for a typical E-ELT first-light instrument along with a more general approach that enables us to extend to any AO system size. We show that systematic and detailed performance analysis is an essential part of testing novel real-time control hardware to guarantee optimal science results.

Related Topics

Concepts

Xeon Phi Xeon Physics Computer science Computer hardware Parallel computing

Metadata

Type: article
Language: en
Landing Page: https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv1813
PDF: https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article-pdf/453/3/3222/4928770/stv1813.pdf
OA Status: bronze
Cited By: 12
References: 19
Related Works: 10
OpenAlex ID: https://openalex.org/W2294791901

All OpenAlex metadata

Raw OpenAlex JSON

OpenAlex ID: https://openalex.org/W2294791901

Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv1813

Digital Object Identifier
Title: Reducing adaptive optics latency using Xeon Phi many-core processors

Work title
Type: article

OpenAlex work type
Language: en

Primary language
Publication year: 2015

Year of publication
Publication date: 2015-09-04

Full publication date if available
Authors: David R. W. Barr, Alastair Basden, N. A. Dipper, Noah Schwartz

List of authors in order
Landing page: https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv1813

Publisher landing page
PDF URL: https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article-pdf/453/3/3222/4928770/stv1813.pdf

Direct link to full text PDF
Open access: Yes

Whether a free full text is available
OA status: bronze

Open access status per OpenAlex
OA URL: https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article-pdf/453/3/3222/4928770/stv1813.pdf

Direct OA link when available
Concepts: Xeon Phi, Xeon, Physics, Computer science, Computer hardware, Parallel computing

Top concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
Cited by: 12

Total citation count in OpenAlex
Citations by year (recent): 2021: 1, 2020: 1, 2019: 1, 2018: 2, 2017: 2

Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
References (count): 19

Number of works referenced by this work
Related works (count): 10

Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex

Full payload

id	https://openalex.org/W2294791901
doi	https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv1813
ids.doi	https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv1813
ids.mag	2294791901
ids.openalex	https://openalex.org/W2294791901
fwci	1.6142042
type	article
title	Reducing adaptive optics latency using Xeon Phi many-core processors
awards[0].id	https://openalex.org/G1326085525
awards[0].funder_id	https://openalex.org/F4320334632
awards[0].display_name
awards[0].funder_award_id	ST/J002364/1
awards[0].funder_display_name	Science and Technology Facilities Council
awards[1].id	https://openalex.org/G7704603188
awards[1].funder_id	https://openalex.org/F4320334632
awards[1].display_name
awards[1].funder_award_id	ST/K000861/1
awards[1].funder_display_name	Science and Technology Facilities Council
awards[2].id	https://openalex.org/G1187030142
awards[2].funder_id	https://openalex.org/F4320334632
awards[2].display_name
awards[2].funder_award_id	ST/I002871/1
awards[2].funder_display_name	Science and Technology Facilities Council
awards[3].id	https://openalex.org/G7440297794
awards[3].funder_id	https://openalex.org/F4320334632
awards[3].display_name
awards[3].funder_award_id	ST/K003569/1
awards[3].funder_display_name	Science and Technology Facilities Council
awards[4].id	https://openalex.org/G741362913
awards[4].funder_id	https://openalex.org/F4320334632
awards[4].display_name
awards[4].funder_award_id	ST/H002154/1
awards[4].funder_display_name	Science and Technology Facilities Council
awards[5].id	https://openalex.org/G3659496261
awards[5].funder_id	https://openalex.org/F4320334632
awards[5].display_name
awards[5].funder_award_id	ST/M007669/1
awards[5].funder_display_name	Science and Technology Facilities Council
biblio.issue	3
biblio.volume	453
biblio.last_page	3234
biblio.first_page	3223
topics[0].id	https://openalex.org/T11484
topics[0].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/31
topics[0].field.display_name	Physics and Astronomy
topics[0].score	0.9998999834060669
topics[0].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/3
topics[0].domain.display_name	Physical Sciences
topics[0].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/3107
topics[0].subfield.display_name	Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
topics[0].display_name	Adaptive optics and wavefront sensing
topics[1].id	https://openalex.org/T10039
topics[1].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/31
topics[1].field.display_name	Physics and Astronomy
topics[1].score	0.9950000047683716
topics[1].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/3
topics[1].domain.display_name	Physical Sciences
topics[1].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/3103
topics[1].subfield.display_name	Astronomy and Astrophysics
topics[1].display_name	Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
topics[2].id	https://openalex.org/T12917
topics[2].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/31
topics[2].field.display_name	Physics and Astronomy
topics[2].score	0.9907000064849854
topics[2].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/3
topics[2].domain.display_name	Physical Sciences
topics[2].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/3105
topics[2].subfield.display_name	Instrumentation
topics[2].display_name	Astronomy and Astrophysical Research
funders[0].id	https://openalex.org/F4320334632
funders[0].ror	https://ror.org/057g20z61
funders[0].display_name	Science and Technology Facilities Council
is_xpac	False
apc_list.value	2310
apc_list.currency	GBP
apc_list.value_usd	2833
apc_paid
concepts[0].id	https://openalex.org/C96972482
concepts[0].level	2
concepts[0].score	0.8948479294776917
concepts[0].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049168
concepts[0].display_name	Xeon Phi
concepts[1].id	https://openalex.org/C145108525
concepts[1].level	2
concepts[1].score	0.6469016671180725
concepts[1].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q656154
concepts[1].display_name	Xeon
concepts[2].id	https://openalex.org/C121332964
concepts[2].level	0
concepts[2].score	0.6451607346534729
concepts[2].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413
concepts[2].display_name	Physics
concepts[3].id	https://openalex.org/C41008148
concepts[3].level	0
concepts[3].score	0.4282605051994324
concepts[3].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198
concepts[3].display_name	Computer science
concepts[4].id	https://openalex.org/C9390403
concepts[4].level	1
concepts[4].score	0.3997343182563782
concepts[4].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966
concepts[4].display_name	Computer hardware
concepts[5].id	https://openalex.org/C173608175
concepts[5].level	1
concepts[5].score	0.3071800172328949
concepts[5].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661
concepts[5].display_name	Parallel computing
keywords[0].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/xeon-phi
keywords[0].score	0.8948479294776917
keywords[0].display_name	Xeon Phi
keywords[1].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/xeon
keywords[1].score	0.6469016671180725
keywords[1].display_name	Xeon
keywords[2].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/physics
keywords[2].score	0.6451607346534729
keywords[2].display_name	Physics
keywords[3].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science
keywords[3].score	0.4282605051994324
keywords[3].display_name	Computer science
keywords[4].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware
keywords[4].score	0.3997343182563782
keywords[4].display_name	Computer hardware
keywords[5].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing
keywords[5].score	0.3071800172328949
keywords[5].display_name	Parallel computing
language	en
locations[0].id	doi:10.1093/mnras/stv1813
locations[0].is_oa	True
locations[0].source.id	https://openalex.org/S195663288
locations[0].source.issn	0035-8711, 1365-2966, 1365-8711
locations[0].source.type	journal
locations[0].source.is_oa	False
locations[0].source.issn_l	0035-8711
locations[0].source.is_core	True
locations[0].source.is_in_doaj	True
locations[0].source.display_name	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
locations[0].source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/P4310311648
locations[0].source.host_organization_name	Oxford University Press
locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/P4310311648, https://openalex.org/P4310311647
locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage_names	Oxford University Press, University of Oxford
locations[0].license
locations[0].pdf_url	https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article-pdf/453/3/3222/4928770/stv1813.pdf
locations[0].version	publishedVersion
locations[0].raw_type	journal-article
locations[0].license_id
locations[0].is_accepted	True
locations[0].is_published	True
locations[0].raw_source_name	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
locations[0].landing_page_url	https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv1813
locations[1].id	pmh:oai:open-archive.highwire.org:mnras:453/3/3222
locations[1].is_oa	False
locations[1].source
locations[1].license
locations[1].pdf_url
locations[1].version	submittedVersion
locations[1].raw_type	TEXT
locations[1].license_id
locations[1].is_accepted	False
locations[1].is_published	False
locations[1].raw_source_name
locations[1].landing_page_url	http://mnras.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/453/3/3222
indexed_in	crossref, doaj
authorships[0].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5111664186
authorships[0].author.orcid
authorships[0].author.display_name	David R. W. Barr
authorships[0].countries	GB
authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I32062511
authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh Campus, Riccarton, Currie EH14 4AS, UK
authorships[0].affiliations[1].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I4210105583, https://openalex.org/I49611733
authorships[0].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string	UK Astronomy Technology Centre, Royal Observatory, Blackford Hill, Midlothian, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UK
authorships[0].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I32062511
authorships[0].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/04mghma93
authorships[0].institutions[0].type	education
authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I32062511
authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code	GB
authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name	Heriot-Watt University
authorships[0].institutions[1].id	https://openalex.org/I4210105583
authorships[0].institutions[1].ror	https://ror.org/016kj2436
authorships[0].institutions[1].type	facility
authorships[0].institutions[1].lineage	https://openalex.org/I4210105583
authorships[0].institutions[1].country_code	GB
authorships[0].institutions[1].display_name	Royal Observatory
authorships[0].institutions[2].id	https://openalex.org/I49611733
authorships[0].institutions[2].ror	https://ror.org/01egwg173
authorships[0].institutions[2].type	facility
authorships[0].institutions[2].lineage	https://openalex.org/I162524378, https://openalex.org/I4210087105, https://openalex.org/I4210105583, https://openalex.org/I49611733
authorships[0].institutions[2].country_code	GB
authorships[0].institutions[2].display_name	UK Astronomy Technology Centre
authorships[0].author_position	first
authorships[0].raw_author_name	David Barr
authorships[0].is_corresponding	True
authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings	Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh Campus, Riccarton, Currie EH14 4AS, UK, UK Astronomy Technology Centre, Royal Observatory, Blackford Hill, Midlothian, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UK
authorships[1].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5020688992
authorships[1].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0904-7097
authorships[1].author.display_name	Alastair Basden
authorships[1].countries	GB
authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I190082696
authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Durham University, Centre for Advanced Instrumentation, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
authorships[1].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I190082696
authorships[1].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/01v29qb04
authorships[1].institutions[0].type	education
authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I190082696
authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code	GB
authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name	Durham University
authorships[1].author_position	middle
authorships[1].raw_author_name	Alastair Basden
authorships[1].is_corresponding	False
authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings	Durham University, Centre for Advanced Instrumentation, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
authorships[2].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5091737188
authorships[2].author.orcid
authorships[2].author.display_name	N. A. Dipper
authorships[2].countries	GB
authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I190082696
authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Durham University, Centre for Advanced Instrumentation, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
authorships[2].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I190082696
authorships[2].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/01v29qb04
authorships[2].institutions[0].type	education
authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I190082696
authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code	GB
authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name	Durham University
authorships[2].author_position	middle
authorships[2].raw_author_name	Nigel Dipper
authorships[2].is_corresponding	False
authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings	Durham University, Centre for Advanced Instrumentation, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
authorships[3].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5063694445
authorships[3].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5555-3740
authorships[3].author.display_name	Noah Schwartz
authorships[3].countries	GB
authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I4210105583, https://openalex.org/I49611733
authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	UK Astronomy Technology Centre, Royal Observatory, Blackford Hill, Midlothian, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UK
authorships[3].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I4210105583
authorships[3].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/016kj2436
authorships[3].institutions[0].type	facility
authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I4210105583
authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code	GB
authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name	Royal Observatory
authorships[3].institutions[1].id	https://openalex.org/I49611733
authorships[3].institutions[1].ror	https://ror.org/01egwg173
authorships[3].institutions[1].type	facility
authorships[3].institutions[1].lineage	https://openalex.org/I162524378, https://openalex.org/I4210087105, https://openalex.org/I4210105583, https://openalex.org/I49611733
authorships[3].institutions[1].country_code	GB
authorships[3].institutions[1].display_name	UK Astronomy Technology Centre
authorships[3].author_position	last
authorships[3].raw_author_name	Noah Schwartz
authorships[3].is_corresponding	False
authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings	UK Astronomy Technology Centre, Royal Observatory, Blackford Hill, Midlothian, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UK
has_content.pdf	True
has_content.grobid_xml	True
is_paratext	False
open_access.is_oa	True
open_access.oa_url	https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article-pdf/453/3/3222/4928770/stv1813.pdf
open_access.oa_status	bronze
open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext	False
created_date	2025-10-10T00:00:00
display_name	Reducing adaptive optics latency using Xeon Phi many-core processors
has_fulltext	True
is_retracted	False
updated_date	2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776
primary_topic.id	https://openalex.org/T11484
primary_topic.field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/31
primary_topic.field.display_name	Physics and Astronomy
primary_topic.score	0.9998999834060669
primary_topic.domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/3
primary_topic.domain.display_name	Physical Sciences
primary_topic.subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/3107
primary_topic.subfield.display_name	Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
primary_topic.display_name	Adaptive optics and wavefront sensing
related_works	https://openalex.org/W2981664121, https://openalex.org/W2526069705, https://openalex.org/W2024016913, https://openalex.org/W2214459866, https://openalex.org/W2773471004, https://openalex.org/W2035419609, https://openalex.org/W2898398754, https://openalex.org/W2749903484, https://openalex.org/W1985609517, https://openalex.org/W2204115394
cited_by_count	12
counts_by_year[0].year	2021
counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count	1
counts_by_year[1].year	2020
counts_by_year[1].cited_by_count	1
counts_by_year[2].year	2019
counts_by_year[2].cited_by_count	1
counts_by_year[3].year	2018
counts_by_year[3].cited_by_count	2
counts_by_year[4].year	2017
counts_by_year[4].cited_by_count	2
counts_by_year[5].year	2016
counts_by_year[5].cited_by_count	4
counts_by_year[6].year	2015
counts_by_year[6].cited_by_count	1
locations_count	2
best_oa_location.id	doi:10.1093/mnras/stv1813
best_oa_location.is_oa	True
best_oa_location.source.id	https://openalex.org/S195663288
best_oa_location.source.issn	0035-8711, 1365-2966, 1365-8711
best_oa_location.source.type	journal
best_oa_location.source.is_oa	False
best_oa_location.source.issn_l	0035-8711
best_oa_location.source.is_core	True
best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj	True
best_oa_location.source.display_name	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
best_oa_location.source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/P4310311648
best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name	Oxford University Press
best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/P4310311648, https://openalex.org/P4310311647
best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names	Oxford University Press, University of Oxford
best_oa_location.license
best_oa_location.pdf_url	https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article-pdf/453/3/3222/4928770/stv1813.pdf
best_oa_location.version	publishedVersion
best_oa_location.raw_type	journal-article
best_oa_location.license_id
best_oa_location.is_accepted	True
best_oa_location.is_published	True
best_oa_location.raw_source_name	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
best_oa_location.landing_page_url	https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv1813
primary_location.id	doi:10.1093/mnras/stv1813
primary_location.is_oa	True
primary_location.source.id	https://openalex.org/S195663288
primary_location.source.issn	0035-8711, 1365-2966, 1365-8711
primary_location.source.type	journal
primary_location.source.is_oa	False
primary_location.source.issn_l	0035-8711
primary_location.source.is_core	True
primary_location.source.is_in_doaj	True
primary_location.source.display_name	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
primary_location.source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/P4310311648
primary_location.source.host_organization_name	Oxford University Press
primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/P4310311648, https://openalex.org/P4310311647
primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names	Oxford University Press, University of Oxford
primary_location.license
primary_location.pdf_url	https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article-pdf/453/3/3222/4928770/stv1813.pdf
primary_location.version	publishedVersion
primary_location.raw_type	journal-article
primary_location.license_id
primary_location.is_accepted	True
primary_location.is_published	True
primary_location.raw_source_name	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
primary_location.landing_page_url	https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv1813
publication_date	2015-09-04
publication_year	2015
referenced_works	https://openalex.org/W2054276375, https://openalex.org/W1934316919, https://openalex.org/W2093601162, https://openalex.org/W2151939692, https://openalex.org/W2004912490, https://openalex.org/W2015259128, https://openalex.org/W4253570735, https://openalex.org/W2133371075, https://openalex.org/W2021482948, https://openalex.org/W1993176440, https://openalex.org/W2062748030, https://openalex.org/W2027868869, https://openalex.org/W2117204611, https://openalex.org/W1978192767, https://openalex.org/W2160039335, https://openalex.org/W2080464719, https://openalex.org/W3104195166, https://openalex.org/W4298071893, https://openalex.org/W3202497531
referenced_works_count	19
abstract_inverted_index.a	45, 94, 106, 121, 127, 174, 183, 190
abstract_inverted_index.m	56
abstract_inverted_index.AO	51, 169, 201
abstract_inverted_index.We	99, 112, 147, 171, 204
abstract_inverted_index.an	133, 213
abstract_inverted_index.as	126
abstract_inverted_index.at	25
abstract_inverted_index.in	163
abstract_inverted_index.is	24, 70, 93, 212
abstract_inverted_index.of	3, 16, 28, 72, 76, 87, 116, 139, 155, 167, 178, 216
abstract_inverted_index.on	13, 101, 120
abstract_inverted_index.to	36, 197, 199, 222
abstract_inverted_index.us	196
abstract_inverted_index.Phi	119, 181
abstract_inverted_index.The	0
abstract_inverted_index.and	42, 63, 130, 141, 161, 208
abstract_inverted_index.any	200
abstract_inverted_index.are	145
abstract_inverted_index.for	8, 54, 79, 182
abstract_inverted_index.has	152
abstract_inverted_index.one	71
abstract_inverted_index.the	14, 26, 29, 38, 73, 80, 85, 88, 117, 153, 158, 179
abstract_inverted_index.(AO)	20
abstract_inverted_index.Phi,	91
abstract_inverted_index.Phis	144
abstract_inverted_index.This	82
abstract_inverted_index.Xeon	90, 118, 143, 180
abstract_inverted_index.best	39
abstract_inverted_index.both	125, 173
abstract_inverted_index.from	49
abstract_inverted_index.into	132
abstract_inverted_index.main	74
abstract_inverted_index.mean	159
abstract_inverted_index.more	191
abstract_inverted_index.next	1
abstract_inverted_index.part	215
abstract_inverted_index.rely	11
abstract_inverted_index.show	148, 205
abstract_inverted_index.that	32, 149, 194, 206
abstract_inverted_index.this	150
abstract_inverted_index.time	165
abstract_inverted_index.very	46
abstract_inverted_index.will	10, 33, 43
abstract_inverted_index.with	189
abstract_inverted_index.(MVM)	110
abstract_inverted_index.E-ELT	185
abstract_inverted_index.ELTs.	81
abstract_inverted_index.Intel	89
abstract_inverted_index.Large	5
abstract_inverted_index.Linux	123
abstract_inverted_index.along	188
abstract_inverted_index.focus	100
abstract_inverted_index.heart	27
abstract_inverted_index.large	168
abstract_inverted_index.novel	59, 218
abstract_inverted_index.paper	83
abstract_inverted_index.size.	203
abstract_inverted_index.their	17, 65
abstract_inverted_index.which	92
abstract_inverted_index.(ELTs)	7
abstract_inverted_index.(RTC).	137
abstract_inverted_index.4–10	55
abstract_inverted_index.enable	34
abstract_inverted_index.extend	198
abstract_inverted_index.optics	19
abstract_inverted_index.single	140
abstract_inverted_index.system	202
abstract_inverted_index.against	67
abstract_inverted_index.control	23, 220
abstract_inverted_index.current	50
abstract_inverted_index.deliver	37
abstract_inverted_index.enables	195
abstract_inverted_index.general	192
abstract_inverted_index.greatly	156
abstract_inverted_index.heavily	12
abstract_inverted_index.latency	160
abstract_inverted_index.optimal	224
abstract_inverted_index.present	113, 172
abstract_inverted_index.require	44
abstract_inverted_index.results	115
abstract_inverted_index.science	41, 225
abstract_inverted_index.testing	64, 217
abstract_inverted_index.typical	184
abstract_inverted_index.(jitter)	166
abstract_inverted_index.adaptive	18
abstract_inverted_index.analysis	177, 211
abstract_inverted_index.approach	193
abstract_inverted_index.critical	30
abstract_inverted_index.detailed	175, 209
abstract_inverted_index.existing	53, 134
abstract_inverted_index.hardware	52, 97, 221
abstract_inverted_index.multiple	142
abstract_inverted_index.possible	40
abstract_inverted_index.reducing	157
abstract_inverted_index.results.	226
abstract_inverted_index.systems.	21, 170
abstract_inverted_index.Extremely	4
abstract_inverted_index.Real-time	22
abstract_inverted_index.astronomy	9
abstract_inverted_index.computing	61
abstract_inverted_index.essential	214
abstract_inverted_index.execution	164
abstract_inverted_index.guarantee	223
abstract_inverted_index.platform,	124
abstract_inverted_index.potential	154
abstract_inverted_index.processor	129
abstract_inverted_index.real-time	60, 122, 135, 219
abstract_inverted_index.wavefront	102
abstract_inverted_index.Telescopes	6
abstract_inverted_index.algorithm.	111
abstract_inverted_index.challenges	69
abstract_inverted_index.commercial	95
abstract_inverted_index.controller	136
abstract_inverted_index.generation	2
abstract_inverted_index.instrument	187
abstract_inverted_index.integrated	131
abstract_inverted_index.priorities	75
abstract_inverted_index.standalone	128
abstract_inverted_index.systematic	207
abstract_inverted_index.technology	77, 151
abstract_inverted_index.telescopes	35
abstract_inverted_index.variations	162
abstract_inverted_index.Performance	138
abstract_inverted_index.anticipated	68
abstract_inverted_index.development	78
abstract_inverted_index.eligibility	66
abstract_inverted_index.first-light	186
abstract_inverted_index.performance	15, 176, 210
abstract_inverted_index.significant	47
abstract_inverted_index.suitability	86
abstract_inverted_index.telescopes.	57
abstract_inverted_index.accelerator.	98
abstract_inverted_index.benchmarking	114
abstract_inverted_index.implementing	105
abstract_inverted_index.investigates	84
abstract_inverted_index.performance,	104
abstract_inverted_index.technologies	31
abstract_inverted_index.Investigating	58
abstract_inverted_index.architectures	62
abstract_inverted_index.extrapolation	48
abstract_inverted_index.investigated.	146
abstract_inverted_index.off-the-shelf	96
abstract_inverted_index.multiplication	109
abstract_inverted_index.reconstruction	103
abstract_inverted_index.matrix–vector	108
abstract_inverted_index.straightforward	107
cited_by_percentile_year.max	98
cited_by_percentile_year.min	89
corresponding_author_ids	https://openalex.org/A5111664186
countries_distinct_count	1
institutions_distinct_count	4
corresponding_institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I32062511, https://openalex.org/I4210105583, https://openalex.org/I49611733
citation_normalized_percentile.value	0.88338937
citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent	False
citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent	False