In this article, we present a survey on the low complexity video coding on a coding unit (CU) partitioning with the aim for researchers to understand the foundation of video coding and fast CU partition algorithms.Firstly, we introduce video coding technologies by explaining the trending standards and reference models.They are High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC), Joint Exploration Test Model (JEM), and VVC, which introduce novel quadtree (QT), quadtree plus binary tree (QTBT), quadtree plus multi-type tree (QTMT) …