Research Progress and Development Trend of Visual Detection Methods for Selective Fruit Harvesting Robots Article Swipe
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15081926
The rapid development of artificial intelligence technologies has promoted the emergence of Agriculture 4.0, where the machines participating in agricultural activities are made smart with the capacities of self-sensing, self-decision-making, and self-execution. As representative implementations of Agriculture 4.0, intelligent selective fruit harvesting robots demonstrate significant potential to alleviate labor-intensive demands in modern agriculture, where visual detection serves as the foundational component. However, the accurate detection of fruits remains a challenging issue due to the complex and unstructured nature of fruit orchards. This paper comprehensively reviews the recent progress in visual detection methods for selective fruit harvesting robots, covering cameras, traditional detection based on handcrafted feature methods, detection based on deep learning methods, and tree branch detection methods. Furthermore, the potential challenges and future trends of the visual detection system of selective fruit harvesting robots are critically discussed, facilitating a thorough comprehension of contemporary progress in this research area. The primary objective of this work is to highlight the pivotal role of visual perception in intelligent fruit harvesting robots.
Related Topics
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15081926
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 2
- References
- 184
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4413225258
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W4413225258Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15081926Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Research Progress and Development Trend of Visual Detection Methods for Selective Fruit Harvesting RobotsWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2025Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2025-08-10Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Wenbo Wang, Chenshuo Li, Yue Xi, Jinan Gu, Xinzhou Zhang, Man Zhou, Yu-Chun PengList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15081926Publisher landing page
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15081926Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Computer science, Robot, Artificial intelligence, Implementation, Agriculture, Perception, Human–computer interaction, Software engineering, Geography, Psychology, Archaeology, NeuroscienceTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
2Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 2Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
184Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W4413225258 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15081926 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15081926 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W4413225258 |
| fwci | 8.90864391 |
| type | article |
| title | Research Progress and Development Trend of Visual Detection Methods for Selective Fruit Harvesting Robots |
| awards[0].id | https://openalex.org/G1620926936 |
| awards[0].funder_id | https://openalex.org/F4320321001 |
| awards[0].display_name | |
| awards[0].funder_award_id | 52105516 |
| awards[0].funder_display_name | National Natural Science Foundation of China |
| biblio.issue | 8 |
| biblio.volume | 15 |
| biblio.last_page | 1926 |
| biblio.first_page | 1926 |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T10616 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/11 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Agricultural and Biological Sciences |
| topics[0].score | 0.9993000030517578 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/1 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Life Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/1110 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Plant Science |
| topics[0].display_name | Smart Agriculture and AI |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T10111 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/23 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Environmental Science |
| topics[1].score | 0.9384999871253967 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2303 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Ecology |
| topics[1].display_name | Remote Sensing in Agriculture |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T12660 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/11 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Agricultural and Biological Sciences |
| topics[2].score | 0.932200014591217 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/1 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Life Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/1110 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Plant Science |
| topics[2].display_name | Plant Disease Management Techniques |
| funders[0].id | https://openalex.org/F4320321001 |
| funders[0].ror | https://ror.org/01h0zpd94 |
| funders[0].display_name | National Natural Science Foundation of China |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list.value | 2000 |
| apc_list.currency | CHF |
| apc_list.value_usd | 2165 |
| apc_paid.value | 2000 |
| apc_paid.currency | CHF |
| apc_paid.value_usd | 2165 |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C41008148 |
| concepts[0].level | 0 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.6656453609466553 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Computer science |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C90509273 |
| concepts[1].level | 2 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.6626355051994324 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Robot |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C154945302 |
| concepts[2].level | 1 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.6008005738258362 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Artificial intelligence |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C26713055 |
| concepts[3].level | 2 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.5469238758087158 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245962 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Implementation |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C118518473 |
| concepts[4].level | 2 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.4759273827075958 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Agriculture |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C26760741 |
| concepts[5].level | 2 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.43497171998023987 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Perception |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C107457646 |
| concepts[6].level | 1 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.36088424921035767 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Human–computer interaction |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C115903868 |
| concepts[7].level | 1 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.15584838390350342 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Software engineering |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C205649164 |
| concepts[8].level | 0 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.09323692321777344 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Geography |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C15744967 |
| concepts[9].level | 0 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.07427480816841125 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418 |
| concepts[9].display_name | Psychology |
| concepts[10].id | https://openalex.org/C166957645 |
| concepts[10].level | 1 |
| concepts[10].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[10].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498 |
| concepts[10].display_name | Archaeology |
| concepts[11].id | https://openalex.org/C169760540 |
| concepts[11].level | 1 |
| concepts[11].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[11].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011 |
| concepts[11].display_name | Neuroscience |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science |
| keywords[0].score | 0.6656453609466553 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Computer science |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/robot |
| keywords[1].score | 0.6626355051994324 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Robot |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence |
| keywords[2].score | 0.6008005738258362 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Artificial intelligence |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/implementation |
| keywords[3].score | 0.5469238758087158 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Implementation |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/agriculture |
| keywords[4].score | 0.4759273827075958 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Agriculture |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/perception |
| keywords[5].score | 0.43497171998023987 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Perception |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/human–computer-interaction |
| keywords[6].score | 0.36088424921035767 |
| keywords[6].display_name | Human–computer interaction |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering |
| keywords[7].score | 0.15584838390350342 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Software engineering |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/geography |
| keywords[8].score | 0.09323692321777344 |
| keywords[8].display_name | Geography |
| keywords[9].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology |
| keywords[9].score | 0.07427480816841125 |
| keywords[9].display_name | Psychology |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.3390/agronomy15081926 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S2738977497 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 2073-4395 |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 2073-4395 |
| locations[0].source.is_core | True |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | True |
| locations[0].source.display_name | Agronomy |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage_names | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| locations[0].license | cc-by |
| locations[0].pdf_url | |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | Agronomy |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15081926 |
| locations[1].id | pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e4437504282a4b44ac6b73d032b05764 |
| locations[1].is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306401280 |
| locations[1].source.issn | |
| locations[1].source.type | repository |
| locations[1].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.issn_l | |
| locations[1].source.is_core | False |
| locations[1].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[1].source.display_name | DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) |
| locations[1].source.host_organization | |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_name | |
| locations[1].license | |
| locations[1].pdf_url | |
| locations[1].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[1].raw_type | article |
| locations[1].license_id | |
| locations[1].is_accepted | False |
| locations[1].is_published | False |
| locations[1].raw_source_name | Agronomy, Vol 15, Iss 8, p 1926 (2025) |
| locations[1].landing_page_url | https://doaj.org/article/e4437504282a4b44ac6b73d032b05764 |
| indexed_in | crossref, doaj |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5100350672 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4821-6789 |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Wenbo Wang |
| authorships[0].countries | CN |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I115592961 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I115592961 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03jc41j30 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I115592961 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | CN |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | Jiangsu University |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Wenbo Wang |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5062807407 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2456-0603 |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Chenshuo Li |
| authorships[1].countries | CN |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I115592961 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I115592961 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03jc41j30 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I115592961 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | CN |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | Jiangsu University |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Chenshuo Li |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5101969712 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2789-7674 |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Yue Xi |
| authorships[2].countries | CN |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I115592961 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I115592961 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03jc41j30 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I115592961 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | CN |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | Jiangsu University |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Yidan Xi |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5025549913 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2097-0739 |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | Jinan Gu |
| authorships[3].countries | CN |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I115592961 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I115592961 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03jc41j30 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I115592961 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code | CN |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name | Jiangsu University |
| authorships[3].author_position | middle |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | Jinan Gu |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings | School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China |
| authorships[4].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5045437144 |
| authorships[4].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1082-2625 |
| authorships[4].author.display_name | Xinzhou Zhang |
| authorships[4].countries | CN |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I115592961 |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I115592961 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03jc41j30 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I115592961 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].country_code | CN |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].display_name | Jiangsu University |
| authorships[4].author_position | middle |
| authorships[4].raw_author_name | Xinzhou Zhang |
| authorships[4].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[4].raw_affiliation_strings | School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China |
| authorships[5].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5083305912 |
| authorships[5].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6786-5055 |
| authorships[5].author.display_name | Man Zhou |
| authorships[5].countries | CN |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I115592961 |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I115592961 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03jc41j30 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I115592961 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].country_code | CN |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].display_name | Jiangsu University |
| authorships[5].author_position | middle |
| authorships[5].raw_author_name | Man Zhou |
| authorships[5].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[5].raw_affiliation_strings | School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China |
| authorships[6].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5036672905 |
| authorships[6].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8986-5750 |
| authorships[6].author.display_name | Yu-Chun Peng |
| authorships[6].countries | CN |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210100203 |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Smart Agriculture and Engineering, Wenzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou 325000, China |
| authorships[6].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Al Agents for Agriculture, Wenzhou 325000, China |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210100203 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/0122fj965 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210100203 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].country_code | CN |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].display_name | Wenzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology |
| authorships[6].author_position | last |
| authorships[6].raw_author_name | Yuchun Peng |
| authorships[6].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[6].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Smart Agriculture and Engineering, Wenzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou 325000, China, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Al Agents for Agriculture, Wenzhou 325000, China |
| has_content.pdf | False |
| has_content.grobid_xml | False |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15081926 |
| open_access.oa_status | gold |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | Research Progress and Development Trend of Visual Detection Methods for Selective Fruit Harvesting Robots |
| has_fulltext | False |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T10616 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/11 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Agricultural and Biological Sciences |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9993000030517578 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/1 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Life Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/1110 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Plant Science |
| primary_topic.display_name | Smart Agriculture and AI |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W2120447654, https://openalex.org/W2977179488, https://openalex.org/W2144453115, https://openalex.org/W2744553356, https://openalex.org/W2128223750, https://openalex.org/W4238532390, https://openalex.org/W2188872161, https://openalex.org/W2961779879, https://openalex.org/W797688974, https://openalex.org/W4392646554 |
| cited_by_count | 2 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2025 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 2 |
| locations_count | 2 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.3390/agronomy15081926 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S2738977497 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | 2073-4395 |
| best_oa_location.source.type | journal |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | 2073-4395 |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | True |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | Agronomy |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| best_oa_location.license | cc-by |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | Agronomy |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15081926 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.3390/agronomy15081926 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S2738977497 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 2073-4395 |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 2073-4395 |
| primary_location.source.is_core | True |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| primary_location.source.display_name | Agronomy |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| primary_location.license | cc-by |
| primary_location.pdf_url | |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | Agronomy |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15081926 |
| publication_date | 2025-08-10 |
| publication_year | 2025 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W3035883408, https://openalex.org/W4400652616, https://openalex.org/W6809597689, https://openalex.org/W4411668336, https://openalex.org/W4400119588, https://openalex.org/W4298001587, https://openalex.org/W4410314025, https://openalex.org/W4405316633, https://openalex.org/W6747796883, https://openalex.org/W6637976149, https://openalex.org/W3175973314, https://openalex.org/W4411456886, https://openalex.org/W4411211716, https://openalex.org/W4396640324, https://openalex.org/W4324056561, https://openalex.org/W4380878087, https://openalex.org/W4404699089, https://openalex.org/W4281388721, https://openalex.org/W2647990618, https://openalex.org/W4386501127, https://openalex.org/W3092469300, https://openalex.org/W4411208469, https://openalex.org/W4307949303, https://openalex.org/W6781703618, https://openalex.org/W4225270905, https://openalex.org/W4396915862, https://openalex.org/W2412887352, https://openalex.org/W3035905805, https://openalex.org/W4411606265, https://openalex.org/W6800686989, https://openalex.org/W4366549991, https://openalex.org/W4313420583, https://openalex.org/W4321596265, https://openalex.org/W4409141775, https://openalex.org/W4411383842, https://openalex.org/W4399588519, https://openalex.org/W4287848462, https://openalex.org/W2288788234, https://openalex.org/W3034893947, https://openalex.org/W2946592551, https://openalex.org/W2800183855, https://openalex.org/W2537303743, https://openalex.org/W3000308746, https://openalex.org/W3195891552, https://openalex.org/W4401717546, https://openalex.org/W4400975854, https://openalex.org/W4409068323, https://openalex.org/W4406349867, https://openalex.org/W4404700892, https://openalex.org/W6792605521, https://openalex.org/W3156226657, https://openalex.org/W4390669864, https://openalex.org/W3207826987, https://openalex.org/W6810801098, https://openalex.org/W2956056966, https://openalex.org/W6793660189, https://openalex.org/W4229083998, https://openalex.org/W6749533040, https://openalex.org/W2888046261, https://openalex.org/W2894218174, https://openalex.org/W4391629548, https://openalex.org/W4403763411, https://openalex.org/W2974361948, https://openalex.org/W4403094436, https://openalex.org/W4404312435, https://openalex.org/W4320913840, https://openalex.org/W2303323562, https://openalex.org/W4200185141, https://openalex.org/W4293581688, https://openalex.org/W6805055603, https://openalex.org/W4378222725, https://openalex.org/W4400963548, https://openalex.org/W4389299443, https://openalex.org/W4205749806, https://openalex.org/W2909550368, https://openalex.org/W4281674638, https://openalex.org/W4401394097, https://openalex.org/W4394004934, https://openalex.org/W4365506223, https://openalex.org/W1467531035, https://openalex.org/W3207828822, https://openalex.org/W3102337642, https://openalex.org/W2898512534, https://openalex.org/W6742624137, https://openalex.org/W2792098990, https://openalex.org/W2941020577, https://openalex.org/W2957223330, https://openalex.org/W2800675764, https://openalex.org/W2804118216, https://openalex.org/W2771337939, https://openalex.org/W2913720723, https://openalex.org/W2945386048, https://openalex.org/W2940997589, https://openalex.org/W2808944785, https://openalex.org/W6779386932, https://openalex.org/W4380422019, https://openalex.org/W3138377400, https://openalex.org/W3035973089, https://openalex.org/W2064640776, https://openalex.org/W2915642906, https://openalex.org/W3010691011, https://openalex.org/W3200612453, https://openalex.org/W2913798177, https://openalex.org/W4200294894, https://openalex.org/W4312037100, https://openalex.org/W4381251852, https://openalex.org/W4406463208, https://openalex.org/W4399966132, https://openalex.org/W4404918539, https://openalex.org/W2102605133, https://openalex.org/W2613718673, https://openalex.org/W2501369945, https://openalex.org/W3209871862, https://openalex.org/W2991844793, https://openalex.org/W6773683311, https://openalex.org/W3007597990, https://openalex.org/W2806070179, https://openalex.org/W2953151638, https://openalex.org/W4221010126, https://openalex.org/W4384306319, https://openalex.org/W3008761036, https://openalex.org/W4283837288, https://openalex.org/W3161008321, https://openalex.org/W4410357812, https://openalex.org/W4387954222, https://openalex.org/W2997692196, https://openalex.org/W4408330910, https://openalex.org/W3194700752, https://openalex.org/W3156982815, https://openalex.org/W4377092498, https://openalex.org/W4401067487, https://openalex.org/W3085312663, https://openalex.org/W3201081514, https://openalex.org/W4282823837, https://openalex.org/W6852366880, https://openalex.org/W4319240224, https://openalex.org/W3158114921, https://openalex.org/W4399715580, https://openalex.org/W4322757564, https://openalex.org/W4405782341, https://openalex.org/W4313472426, https://openalex.org/W4396576842, https://openalex.org/W4387907315, https://openalex.org/W4410819455, https://openalex.org/W4403584846, https://openalex.org/W6861729767, https://openalex.org/W4392840980, https://openalex.org/W4400041860, https://openalex.org/W2193145675, https://openalex.org/W4295743239, https://openalex.org/W4400134790, https://openalex.org/W3096609285, https://openalex.org/W4406855646, https://openalex.org/W4405782331, https://openalex.org/W4404027155, https://openalex.org/W4395020884, https://openalex.org/W3125812266, https://openalex.org/W3040274457, https://openalex.org/W3113926525, https://openalex.org/W3148630054, https://openalex.org/W3030569802, https://openalex.org/W4200107860, https://openalex.org/W4378554582, https://openalex.org/W4394876029, https://openalex.org/W4375953121, https://openalex.org/W2809664112, https://openalex.org/W3203976206, https://openalex.org/W3177065483, https://openalex.org/W4254083416, https://openalex.org/W4251474374, https://openalex.org/W4392005878, https://openalex.org/W4244977072, https://openalex.org/W4200154530, https://openalex.org/W4239951476, https://openalex.org/W4239338967, https://openalex.org/W2744379692, https://openalex.org/W3004155203, https://openalex.org/W4243138043, https://openalex.org/W4214496279, https://openalex.org/W3106250896, https://openalex.org/W4235209848, https://openalex.org/W4226338639, https://openalex.org/W4377008173, https://openalex.org/W1765412909 |
| referenced_works_count | 184 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 68, 138 |
| abstract_inverted_index.As | 32 |
| abstract_inverted_index.as | 57 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 18, 50, 88, 144, 163 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 154 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 3, 11, 27, 35, 65, 78, 124, 129, 141, 151, 160 |
| abstract_inverted_index.on | 102, 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 46, 72, 155 |
| abstract_inverted_index.The | 0, 148 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 30, 75, 112, 121 |
| abstract_inverted_index.are | 21, 134 |
| abstract_inverted_index.due | 71 |
| abstract_inverted_index.for | 92 |
| abstract_inverted_index.has | 7 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 9, 15, 25, 58, 62, 73, 85, 118, 125, 157 |
| abstract_inverted_index.4.0, | 13, 37 |
| abstract_inverted_index.This | 81 |
| abstract_inverted_index.deep | 109 |
| abstract_inverted_index.made | 22 |
| abstract_inverted_index.role | 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.this | 145, 152 |
| abstract_inverted_index.tree | 113 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 24 |
| abstract_inverted_index.work | 153 |
| abstract_inverted_index.area. | 147 |
| abstract_inverted_index.based | 101, 107 |
| abstract_inverted_index.fruit | 40, 79, 94, 131, 165 |
| abstract_inverted_index.issue | 70 |
| abstract_inverted_index.paper | 82 |
| abstract_inverted_index.rapid | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.smart | 23 |
| abstract_inverted_index.where | 14, 53 |
| abstract_inverted_index.branch | 114 |
| abstract_inverted_index.fruits | 66 |
| abstract_inverted_index.future | 122 |
| abstract_inverted_index.modern | 51 |
| abstract_inverted_index.nature | 77 |
| abstract_inverted_index.recent | 86 |
| abstract_inverted_index.robots | 42, 133 |
| abstract_inverted_index.serves | 56 |
| abstract_inverted_index.system | 128 |
| abstract_inverted_index.trends | 123 |
| abstract_inverted_index.visual | 54, 89, 126, 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.complex | 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.demands | 49 |
| abstract_inverted_index.feature | 104 |
| abstract_inverted_index.methods | 91 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pivotal | 158 |
| abstract_inverted_index.primary | 149 |
| abstract_inverted_index.remains | 67 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reviews | 84 |
| abstract_inverted_index.robots, | 96 |
| abstract_inverted_index.robots. | 167 |
| abstract_inverted_index.However, | 61 |
| abstract_inverted_index.accurate | 63 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cameras, | 98 |
| abstract_inverted_index.covering | 97 |
| abstract_inverted_index.learning | 110 |
| abstract_inverted_index.machines | 16 |
| abstract_inverted_index.methods, | 105, 111 |
| abstract_inverted_index.methods. | 116 |
| abstract_inverted_index.progress | 87, 143 |
| abstract_inverted_index.promoted | 8 |
| abstract_inverted_index.research | 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.thorough | 139 |
| abstract_inverted_index.alleviate | 47 |
| abstract_inverted_index.detection | 55, 64, 90, 100, 106, 115, 127 |
| abstract_inverted_index.emergence | 10 |
| abstract_inverted_index.highlight | 156 |
| abstract_inverted_index.objective | 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.orchards. | 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.potential | 45, 119 |
| abstract_inverted_index.selective | 39, 93, 130 |
| abstract_inverted_index.activities | 20 |
| abstract_inverted_index.artificial | 4 |
| abstract_inverted_index.capacities | 26 |
| abstract_inverted_index.challenges | 120 |
| abstract_inverted_index.component. | 60 |
| abstract_inverted_index.critically | 135 |
| abstract_inverted_index.discussed, | 136 |
| abstract_inverted_index.harvesting | 41, 95, 132, 166 |
| abstract_inverted_index.perception | 162 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Agriculture | 12, 36 |
| abstract_inverted_index.challenging | 69 |
| abstract_inverted_index.demonstrate | 43 |
| abstract_inverted_index.development | 2 |
| abstract_inverted_index.handcrafted | 103 |
| abstract_inverted_index.intelligent | 38, 164 |
| abstract_inverted_index.significant | 44 |
| abstract_inverted_index.traditional | 99 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Furthermore, | 117 |
| abstract_inverted_index.agricultural | 19 |
| abstract_inverted_index.agriculture, | 52 |
| abstract_inverted_index.contemporary | 142 |
| abstract_inverted_index.facilitating | 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.foundational | 59 |
| abstract_inverted_index.intelligence | 5 |
| abstract_inverted_index.technologies | 6 |
| abstract_inverted_index.unstructured | 76 |
| abstract_inverted_index.comprehension | 140 |
| abstract_inverted_index.participating | 17 |
| abstract_inverted_index.self-sensing, | 28 |
| abstract_inverted_index.representative | 33 |
| abstract_inverted_index.comprehensively | 83 |
| abstract_inverted_index.implementations | 34 |
| abstract_inverted_index.labor-intensive | 48 |
| abstract_inverted_index.self-execution. | 31 |
| abstract_inverted_index.self-decision-making, | 29 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 97 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 95 |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5036672905, https://openalex.org/A5100350672 |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 7 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I115592961, https://openalex.org/I4210100203 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.7599999904632568 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Zero hunger |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.95951373 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | True |