Revising Properties of Planet–Host Binary Systems. IV. The Radius Distribution of Small Planets in Binary Star Systems Is Dependent on Stellar Separation* Article Swipe
Kendall Sullivan
,
Adam L. Kraus
,
Travis A. Berger
,
Trent J. Dupuy
,
Elise Evans
,
Eric Gaidos
,
Daniel Huber
,
Michael Ireland
,
Andrew W. Mann
,
Erik A. Petigura
,
Pa Chia Thao
,
Mackenna L. Wood
,
Jingwen Zhang
·
YOU?
·
· 2024
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad6310
YOU?
·
· 2024
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad6310
Small planets ( R p ≤ 4 R ⊕ ) are divided into rocky super-Earths and gaseous sub-Neptunes separated by a radius gap, but the mechanisms that produce these distinct planet populations remain unclear. Binary stars are the only main-sequence systems with an observable record of the protoplanetary disk lifetime and mass reservoir, and the demographics of planets in binaries may provide insights into planet formation and evolution. To investigate the radius distribution of planets in binary star systems, we observed 207 binary systems hosting 283 confirmed and candidate transiting planets detected by the Kepler mission, then recharacterized the planets while accounting for the observational biases introduced by the secondary star. We found that the population of planets in close binaries ( ρ ≤ 100 au) is significantly different from the planet population in wider binaries ( ρ > 300 au) or single stars. In contrast to planets around single stars, planets in close binaries appear to have a unimodal radius distribution with a peak near the expected super-Earth peak of R p ∼ 1.3 R ⊕ and a suppressed population of sub-Neptunes. We conclude that we are observing the direct impact of a reduced disk lifetime, smaller mass reservoir, and possible altered distribution of solids reducing the sub-Neptune formation efficiency. Our results demonstrate the power of binary stars as a laboratory for exploring planet formation and as a controlled experiment of the impact of varied initial conditions on mature planet populations.
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Metadata
- Type
- preprint
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad6310
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 6
- References
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- Related Works
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- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4400065176
All OpenAlex metadata
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https://openalex.org/W4400065176Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad6310Digital Object Identifier
- Title
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Revising Properties of Planet–Host Binary Systems. IV. The Radius Distribution of Small Planets in Binary Star Systems Is Dependent on Stellar Separation*Work title
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preprintOpenAlex work type
- Language
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enPrimary language
- Publication year
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2024Year of publication
- Publication date
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2024-08-23Full publication date if available
- Authors
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Kendall Sullivan, Adam L. Kraus, Travis A. Berger, Trent J. Dupuy, Elise Evans, Eric Gaidos, Daniel Huber, Michael Ireland, Andrew W. Mann, Erik A. Petigura, Pa Chia Thao, Mackenna L. Wood, Jingwen ZhangList of authors in order
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https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad6310Publisher landing page
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YesWhether a free full text is available
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goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
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https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad6310Direct OA link when available
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Planet, Binary number, RADIUS, Physics, Star (game theory), Astrophysics, Binary star, Astronomy, Binary system, Stars, Computer science, Mathematics, Computer security, ArithmeticTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
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6Total citation count in OpenAlex
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2025: 3, 2024: 3Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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