Selective Influence of Hemp Fiber Ingestion on Post-Exercise Gut Permeability: A Metabolomics-Based Analysis Article Swipe
David C. Nieman
,
Camila A. Sakaguchi
,
James C. Williams
,
Wimal Pathmasiri
,
Blake R. Rushing
,
Susan McRitchie
,
Susan Sumner
·
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17081384
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17081384
Objectives: This study investigated the effects of 2-week ingestion of hemp fiber (high and low doses) versus placebo bars on gut permeability and plasma metabolite shifts during recovery from 2.25 h intensive cycling. Hemp hull powder is a rich source of two bioactive compounds, N-trans-caffeoyl tyramine (NCT) and N-trans-feruloyl tyramine (NFT), with potential gut health benefits. Methods: The study participants included 23 male and female cyclists. A three-arm randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover design was used with two 2-week supplementation periods and 2-week washout periods. Supplement bars provided 20, 5, or 0 g/d of hemp hull powder. Participants engaged in an intensive 2.25 h cycling bout at the end of each of the three supplementation periods. Five blood samples were collected before and after supplementation (overnight fasted state), and at 0 h-, 1.5 h-, and 3 h-post-exercise. Five-hour urine samples were collected pre-supplementation and post-2.25 h cycling after ingesting a sugar solution containing 5 g of lactulose, 100 mg of 13C mannitol, and 1.9 g of mannitol in 450 mL of water. An increase in the post-exercise lactulose/13C mannitol ratio (L:13CM) was used as the primary indicator of altered gut permeability. Other outcome measures included muscle damage biomarkers (serum creatine kinase, myoglobin), serum cortisol, complete blood cell counts, and shifts in plasma metabolites using untargeted metabolomics. Results: No trial differences were found for L:13CM, cortisol, blood cell counts, and muscle damage biomarkers. Orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis (OPLSDA) showed distinct trial differences when comparing high- and low-dose hemp fiber compared to placebo supplementation (R2Y = 0.987 and 0.995, respectively). Variable Importance in Projection (VIP) scores identified several relevant metabolites, including 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid (VIP = 1.9), serotonin (VIP = 1.5), 5-hydroxytryptophan (VIP = 1.4), and 4-methoxycinnamic acid (VIP = 1.4). Mummichog analysis showed significant effects of hemp fiber intake on multiple metabolic pathways, including alpha-linolenic acid, porphyrin, sphingolipid, arginine and proline, tryptophan, and primary bile acid metabolism. Conclusions: Hemp fiber intake during a 2-week supplementation period did not have a significant effect on post-exercise gut permeability in cyclists (2.25 h cycling bout) using urine sugar data. On the contrary, untargeted metabolomics showed that the combination of consuming nutrient-rich hemp fiber bars and exercising for 135 min increased levels of beneficial metabolites, including those derived from the gut in healthy cyclists.
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Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17081384
- https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/17/8/1384/pdf?version=1745209903
- OA Status
- gold
- References
- 44
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4409610476
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W4409610476Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17081384Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Selective Influence of Hemp Fiber Ingestion on Post-Exercise Gut Permeability: A Metabolomics-Based AnalysisWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2025Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2025-04-19Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
David C. Nieman, Camila A. Sakaguchi, James C. Williams, Wimal Pathmasiri, Blake R. Rushing, Susan McRitchie, Susan SumnerList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17081384Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/17/8/1384/pdf?version=1745209903Direct link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
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-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/17/8/1384/pdf?version=1745209903Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Lactulose, Crossover study, Mannitol, Ingestion, Placebo, Medicine, Internal medicine, Chemistry, Endocrinology, Biochemistry, Pathology, Alternative medicineTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
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0Total citation count in OpenAlex
- References (count)
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44Number of works referenced by this work
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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| abstract_inverted_index.complete | 203 |
| abstract_inverted_index.creatine | 198 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cycling. | 32 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cyclists | 335 |
| abstract_inverted_index.distinct | 238 |
| abstract_inverted_index.included | 60, 193 |
| abstract_inverted_index.increase | 172 |
| abstract_inverted_index.low-dose | 245 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mannitol | 165, 177 |
| abstract_inverted_index.measures | 192 |
| abstract_inverted_index.multiple | 298 |
| abstract_inverted_index.periods. | 83, 114 |
| abstract_inverted_index.proline, | 308 |
| abstract_inverted_index.provided | 86 |
| abstract_inverted_index.recovery | 27 |
| abstract_inverted_index.relevant | 266 |
| abstract_inverted_index.solution | 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.tyramine | 45, 49 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Five-hour | 136 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Mummichog | 288 |
| abstract_inverted_index.benefits. | 55 |
| abstract_inverted_index.bioactive | 42 |
| abstract_inverted_index.collected | 119, 140 |
| abstract_inverted_index.comparing | 242 |
| abstract_inverted_index.consuming | 354 |
| abstract_inverted_index.contrary, | 346 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cortisol, | 202, 223 |
| abstract_inverted_index.crossover | 71 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cyclists. | 65, 377 |
| abstract_inverted_index.including | 268, 301, 369 |
| abstract_inverted_index.increased | 364 |
| abstract_inverted_index.indicator | 185 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ingesting | 147 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ingestion | 8 |
| abstract_inverted_index.intensive | 31, 100 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mannitol, | 160 |
| abstract_inverted_index.metabolic | 299 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pathways, | 300 |
| abstract_inverted_index.post-2.25 | 143 |
| abstract_inverted_index.potential | 52 |
| abstract_inverted_index.serotonin | 274 |
| abstract_inverted_index.three-arm | 67 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(overnight | 124 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Importance | 259 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Orthogonal | 231 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Projection | 261 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Supplement | 84 |
| abstract_inverted_index.beneficial | 367 |
| abstract_inverted_index.biomarkers | 196 |
| abstract_inverted_index.compounds, | 43 |
| abstract_inverted_index.containing | 151 |
| abstract_inverted_index.exercising | 360 |
| abstract_inverted_index.identified | 264 |
| abstract_inverted_index.lactulose, | 155 |
| abstract_inverted_index.metabolite | 24 |
| abstract_inverted_index.porphyrin, | 304 |
| abstract_inverted_index.untargeted | 213, 347 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Objectives: | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.biomarkers. | 230 |
| abstract_inverted_index.combination | 352 |
| abstract_inverted_index.differences | 218, 240 |
| abstract_inverted_index.metabolism. | 314 |
| abstract_inverted_index.metabolites | 211 |
| abstract_inverted_index.myoglobin), | 200 |
| abstract_inverted_index.randomized, | 68 |
| abstract_inverted_index.significant | 291, 328 |
| abstract_inverted_index.tryptophan, | 309 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Conclusions: | 315 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Participants | 96 |
| abstract_inverted_index.discriminant | 234 |
| abstract_inverted_index.investigated | 3 |
| abstract_inverted_index.metabolites, | 267, 368 |
| abstract_inverted_index.metabolomics | 348 |
| abstract_inverted_index.participants | 59 |
| abstract_inverted_index.permeability | 21, 333 |
| abstract_inverted_index.double-blind, | 70 |
| abstract_inverted_index.lactulose/13C | 176 |
| abstract_inverted_index.least-squares | 233 |
| abstract_inverted_index.metabolomics. | 214 |
| abstract_inverted_index.nutrient-rich | 355 |
| abstract_inverted_index.permeability. | 189 |
| abstract_inverted_index.post-exercise | 175, 331 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sphingolipid, | 305 |
| abstract_inverted_index.respectively). | 257 |
| abstract_inverted_index.alpha-linolenic | 302 |
| abstract_inverted_index.supplementation | 78, 113, 123, 251, 322 |
| abstract_inverted_index.N-trans-caffeoyl | 44 |
| abstract_inverted_index.N-trans-feruloyl | 48 |
| abstract_inverted_index.h-post-exercise. | 135 |
| abstract_inverted_index.4-methoxycinnamic | 283 |
| abstract_inverted_index.5-hydroxytryptophan | 278 |
| abstract_inverted_index.placebo-controlled, | 69 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pre-supplementation | 141 |
| abstract_inverted_index.3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic | 269 |
| cited_by_percentile_year | |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 7 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.14877755 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | False |