Sex differences in risk of incident microvascular and macrovascular complications: a population-based data-linkage study among 25 713 people with diabetes Article Swipe
Alice A. Gibson
,
Emma Cox
,
Francisco J. Schneuer
,
Jacob Humphries
,
Crystal Lee
,
Joanne Gale
,
Steven J. Chadban
,
Mark C. Gillies
,
Clara K Chow
,
Stephen Colagiuri
,
Natasha Nassar
·
YOU?
·
· 2024
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2023-221759
YOU?
·
· 2024
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2023-221759
Background The global prevalence of diabetes is similar in men and women; however, there is conflicting evidence regarding sex differences in diabetes-related complications. The aim of this study was to investigate sex differences in incident microvascular and macrovascular complications among adults with diabetes. Methods This prospective cohort study linked data from the 45 and Up Study, Australia, to administrative health records. The study sample included 25 713 individuals (57% men), aged ≥45 years, with diabetes at baseline. Incident cardiovascular disease (CVD), eye, lower limb, and kidney complications were determined using hospitalisation data and claims for medical services. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the association between sex and incident complications. Results Age-adjusted incidence rates per 1000 person years for CVD, eye, lower limb, and kidney complications were 37, 52, 21, and 32, respectively. Men had a greater risk of CVD (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.51, 95% CI 1.43 to 1.59), lower limb (aHR 1.47, 95% CI 1.38 to 1.57), and kidney complications (aHR 1.55, 95% CI 1.47 to 1.64) than women, and a greater risk of diabetic retinopathy (aHR 1.14, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.26). Over 10 years, 44%, 57%, 25%, and 35% of men experienced a CVD, eye, lower limb, or kidney complication, respectively, compared with 31%, 61%, 18%, and 25% of women. Diabetes duration (<10 years vs ≥10 years) had no substantial effect on sex differences in complications. Conclusions Men with diabetes are at greater risk of complications, irrespective of diabetes duration. High rates of complications in both sexes highlight the importance of targeted complication screening and prevention strategies from diagnosis.
Related Topics
Concepts
Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2023-221759
- https://jech.bmj.com/content/jech/early/2024/04/17/jech-2023-221759.full.pdf
- OA Status
- hybrid
- Cited By
- 13
- References
- 40
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4396945842
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W4396945842Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2023-221759Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Sex differences in risk of incident microvascular and macrovascular complications: a population-based data-linkage study among 25 713 people with diabetesWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2024Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2024-05-16Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Alice A. Gibson, Emma Cox, Francisco J. Schneuer, Jacob Humphries, Crystal Lee, Joanne Gale, Steven J. Chadban, Mark C. Gillies, Clara K Chow, Stephen Colagiuri, Natasha NassarList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2023-221759Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://jech.bmj.com/content/jech/early/2024/04/17/jech-2023-221759.full.pdfDirect link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
hybridOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://jech.bmj.com/content/jech/early/2024/04/17/jech-2023-221759.full.pdfDirect OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Hazard ratio, Internal medicine, Population, Proportional hazards model, Cohort study, Prospective cohort study, Incidence (geometry), Diabetic retinopathy, Record linkage, Kidney disease, Cohort, Retinopathy, Confidence interval, Endocrinology, Environmental health, Physics, OpticsTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
13Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 8, 2024: 5Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
40Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W4396945842 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2023-221759 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2023-221759 |
| ids.pmid | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38755015 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W4396945842 |
| fwci | 11.2183835 |
| mesh[0].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[0].descriptor_ui | D006801 |
| mesh[0].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[0].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[0].descriptor_name | Humans |
| mesh[1].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[1].descriptor_ui | D008297 |
| mesh[1].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[1].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[1].descriptor_name | Male |
| mesh[2].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[2].descriptor_ui | D005260 |
| mesh[2].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[2].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[2].descriptor_name | Female |
| mesh[3].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[3].descriptor_ui | D008875 |
| mesh[3].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[3].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[3].descriptor_name | Middle Aged |
| mesh[4].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[4].descriptor_ui | D011446 |
| mesh[4].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[4].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[4].descriptor_name | Prospective Studies |
| mesh[5].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[5].descriptor_ui | D000368 |
| mesh[5].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[5].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[5].descriptor_name | Aged |
| mesh[6].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[6].descriptor_ui | D015994 |
| mesh[6].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[6].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[6].descriptor_name | Incidence |
| mesh[7].qualifier_ui | Q000453 |
| mesh[7].descriptor_ui | D001315 |
| mesh[7].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[7].qualifier_name | epidemiology |
| mesh[7].descriptor_name | Australia |
| mesh[8].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[8].descriptor_ui | D012737 |
| mesh[8].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[8].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[8].descriptor_name | Sex Factors |
| mesh[9].qualifier_ui | Q000453 |
| mesh[9].descriptor_ui | D003925 |
| mesh[9].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[9].qualifier_name | epidemiology |
| mesh[9].descriptor_name | Diabetic Angiopathies |
| mesh[10].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[10].descriptor_ui | D012307 |
| mesh[10].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[10].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[10].descriptor_name | Risk Factors |
| mesh[11].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[11].descriptor_ui | D016016 |
| mesh[11].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[11].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[11].descriptor_name | Proportional Hazards Models |
| mesh[12].qualifier_ui | Q000453 |
| mesh[12].descriptor_ui | D002318 |
| mesh[12].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[12].qualifier_name | epidemiology |
| mesh[12].descriptor_name | Cardiovascular Diseases |
| mesh[13].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[13].descriptor_ui | D016247 |
| mesh[13].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[13].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[13].descriptor_name | Information Storage and Retrieval |
| mesh[14].qualifier_ui | Q000453 |
| mesh[14].descriptor_ui | D048909 |
| mesh[14].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[14].qualifier_name | epidemiology |
| mesh[14].descriptor_name | Diabetes Complications |
| mesh[15].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[15].descriptor_ui | D006801 |
| mesh[15].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[15].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[15].descriptor_name | Humans |
| mesh[16].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[16].descriptor_ui | D008297 |
| mesh[16].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[16].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[16].descriptor_name | Male |
| mesh[17].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[17].descriptor_ui | D005260 |
| mesh[17].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[17].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[17].descriptor_name | Female |
| mesh[18].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[18].descriptor_ui | D008875 |
| mesh[18].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[18].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[18].descriptor_name | Middle Aged |
| mesh[19].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[19].descriptor_ui | D011446 |
| mesh[19].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[19].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[19].descriptor_name | Prospective Studies |
| mesh[20].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[20].descriptor_ui | D000368 |
| mesh[20].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[20].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[20].descriptor_name | Aged |
| mesh[21].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[21].descriptor_ui | D015994 |
| mesh[21].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[21].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[21].descriptor_name | Incidence |
| mesh[22].qualifier_ui | Q000453 |
| mesh[22].descriptor_ui | D001315 |
| mesh[22].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[22].qualifier_name | epidemiology |
| mesh[22].descriptor_name | Australia |
| mesh[23].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[23].descriptor_ui | D012737 |
| mesh[23].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[23].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[23].descriptor_name | Sex Factors |
| mesh[24].qualifier_ui | Q000453 |
| mesh[24].descriptor_ui | D003925 |
| mesh[24].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[24].qualifier_name | epidemiology |
| mesh[24].descriptor_name | Diabetic Angiopathies |
| mesh[25].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[25].descriptor_ui | D012307 |
| mesh[25].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[25].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[25].descriptor_name | Risk Factors |
| mesh[26].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[26].descriptor_ui | D016016 |
| mesh[26].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[26].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[26].descriptor_name | Proportional Hazards Models |
| mesh[27].qualifier_ui | Q000453 |
| mesh[27].descriptor_ui | D002318 |
| mesh[27].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[27].qualifier_name | epidemiology |
| mesh[27].descriptor_name | Cardiovascular Diseases |
| mesh[28].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[28].descriptor_ui | D016247 |
| mesh[28].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[28].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[28].descriptor_name | Information Storage and Retrieval |
| mesh[29].qualifier_ui | Q000453 |
| mesh[29].descriptor_ui | D048909 |
| mesh[29].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[29].qualifier_name | epidemiology |
| mesh[29].descriptor_name | Diabetes Complications |
| mesh[30].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[30].descriptor_ui | D006801 |
| mesh[30].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[30].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[30].descriptor_name | Humans |
| mesh[31].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[31].descriptor_ui | D008297 |
| mesh[31].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[31].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[31].descriptor_name | Male |
| mesh[32].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[32].descriptor_ui | D005260 |
| mesh[32].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[32].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[32].descriptor_name | Female |
| mesh[33].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[33].descriptor_ui | D008875 |
| mesh[33].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[33].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[33].descriptor_name | Middle Aged |
| mesh[34].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[34].descriptor_ui | D011446 |
| mesh[34].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[34].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[34].descriptor_name | Prospective Studies |
| mesh[35].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[35].descriptor_ui | D000368 |
| mesh[35].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[35].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[35].descriptor_name | Aged |
| mesh[36].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[36].descriptor_ui | D015994 |
| mesh[36].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[36].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[36].descriptor_name | Incidence |
| mesh[37].qualifier_ui | Q000453 |
| mesh[37].descriptor_ui | D001315 |
| mesh[37].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[37].qualifier_name | epidemiology |
| mesh[37].descriptor_name | Australia |
| mesh[38].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[38].descriptor_ui | D012737 |
| mesh[38].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[38].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[38].descriptor_name | Sex Factors |
| mesh[39].qualifier_ui | Q000453 |
| mesh[39].descriptor_ui | D003925 |
| mesh[39].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[39].qualifier_name | epidemiology |
| mesh[39].descriptor_name | Diabetic Angiopathies |
| mesh[40].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[40].descriptor_ui | D012307 |
| mesh[40].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[40].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[40].descriptor_name | Risk Factors |
| mesh[41].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[41].descriptor_ui | D016016 |
| mesh[41].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[41].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[41].descriptor_name | Proportional Hazards Models |
| mesh[42].qualifier_ui | Q000453 |
| mesh[42].descriptor_ui | D002318 |
| mesh[42].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[42].qualifier_name | epidemiology |
| mesh[42].descriptor_name | Cardiovascular Diseases |
| mesh[43].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[43].descriptor_ui | D016247 |
| mesh[43].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[43].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[43].descriptor_name | Information Storage and Retrieval |
| mesh[44].qualifier_ui | Q000453 |
| mesh[44].descriptor_ui | D048909 |
| mesh[44].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[44].qualifier_name | epidemiology |
| mesh[44].descriptor_name | Diabetes Complications |
| mesh[45].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[45].descriptor_ui | D006801 |
| mesh[45].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[45].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[45].descriptor_name | Humans |
| mesh[46].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[46].descriptor_ui | D008297 |
| mesh[46].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[46].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[46].descriptor_name | Male |
| mesh[47].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[47].descriptor_ui | D005260 |
| mesh[47].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[47].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[47].descriptor_name | Female |
| mesh[48].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[48].descriptor_ui | D008875 |
| mesh[48].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[48].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[48].descriptor_name | Middle Aged |
| mesh[49].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[49].descriptor_ui | D011446 |
| mesh[49].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[49].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[49].descriptor_name | Prospective Studies |
| type | article |
| title | Sex differences in risk of incident microvascular and macrovascular complications: a population-based data-linkage study among 25 713 people with diabetes |
| biblio.issue | 8 |
| biblio.volume | 78 |
| biblio.last_page | 486 |
| biblio.first_page | 479 |
| grants[0].funder | https://openalex.org/F4320320475 |
| grants[0].award_id | N/A |
| grants[0].funder_display_name | Australian Diabetes Society |
| grants[1].funder | https://openalex.org/F4320323274 |
| grants[1].award_id | N/A |
| grants[1].funder_display_name | Financial Markets Foundation for Children |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T10401 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Medicine |
| topics[0].score | 0.9955000281333923 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2712 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism |
| topics[0].display_name | Diabetes Treatment and Management |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T10027 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Medicine |
| topics[1].score | 0.9948999881744385 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2712 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism |
| topics[1].display_name | Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T11064 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Medicine |
| topics[2].score | 0.9929999709129333 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2705 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine |
| topics[2].display_name | Antiplatelet Therapy and Cardiovascular Diseases |
| funders[0].id | https://openalex.org/F4320320475 |
| funders[0].ror | https://ror.org/009mmq515 |
| funders[0].display_name | Australian Diabetes Society |
| funders[1].id | https://openalex.org/F4320323274 |
| funders[1].ror | https://ror.org/05x3hz149 |
| funders[1].display_name | Financial Markets Foundation for Children |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list | |
| apc_paid | |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C71924100 |
| concepts[0].level | 0 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.9663259983062744 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Medicine |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C555293320 |
| concepts[1].level | 2 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.7534443140029907 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Diabetes mellitus |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C207103383 |
| concepts[2].level | 3 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.7143934369087219 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3930246 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Hazard ratio |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C126322002 |
| concepts[3].level | 1 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.5535955429077148 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Internal medicine |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C2908647359 |
| concepts[4].level | 2 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.5524277091026306 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Population |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C50382708 |
| concepts[5].level | 2 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.5353643894195557 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223218 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Proportional hazards model |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C201903717 |
| concepts[6].level | 2 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.5249392986297607 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778788 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Cohort study |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C188816634 |
| concepts[7].level | 2 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.5166435837745667 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2113324 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Prospective cohort study |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C61511704 |
| concepts[8].level | 2 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.5103451609611511 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671857 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Incidence (geometry) |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C2779829184 |
| concepts[9].level | 3 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.48245149850845337 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631361 |
| concepts[9].display_name | Diabetic retinopathy |
| concepts[10].id | https://openalex.org/C142210648 |
| concepts[10].level | 3 |
| concepts[10].score | 0.47462546825408936 |
| concepts[10].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1266546 |
| concepts[10].display_name | Record linkage |
| concepts[11].id | https://openalex.org/C2778653478 |
| concepts[11].level | 2 |
| concepts[11].score | 0.44796139001846313 |
| concepts[11].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1054718 |
| concepts[11].display_name | Kidney disease |
| concepts[12].id | https://openalex.org/C72563966 |
| concepts[12].level | 2 |
| concepts[12].score | 0.44097912311553955 |
| concepts[12].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303415 |
| concepts[12].display_name | Cohort |
| concepts[13].id | https://openalex.org/C2778313320 |
| concepts[13].level | 3 |
| concepts[13].score | 0.42918145656585693 |
| concepts[13].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q550455 |
| concepts[13].display_name | Retinopathy |
| concepts[14].id | https://openalex.org/C44249647 |
| concepts[14].level | 2 |
| concepts[14].score | 0.21274077892303467 |
| concepts[14].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498 |
| concepts[14].display_name | Confidence interval |
| concepts[15].id | https://openalex.org/C134018914 |
| concepts[15].level | 1 |
| concepts[15].score | 0.16655808687210083 |
| concepts[15].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606 |
| concepts[15].display_name | Endocrinology |
| concepts[16].id | https://openalex.org/C99454951 |
| concepts[16].level | 1 |
| concepts[16].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[16].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068 |
| concepts[16].display_name | Environmental health |
| concepts[17].id | https://openalex.org/C121332964 |
| concepts[17].level | 0 |
| concepts[17].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[17].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413 |
| concepts[17].display_name | Physics |
| concepts[18].id | https://openalex.org/C120665830 |
| concepts[18].level | 1 |
| concepts[18].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[18].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620 |
| concepts[18].display_name | Optics |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine |
| keywords[0].score | 0.9663259983062744 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Medicine |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetes-mellitus |
| keywords[1].score | 0.7534443140029907 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Diabetes mellitus |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/hazard-ratio |
| keywords[2].score | 0.7143934369087219 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Hazard ratio |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine |
| keywords[3].score | 0.5535955429077148 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Internal medicine |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/population |
| keywords[4].score | 0.5524277091026306 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Population |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/proportional-hazards-model |
| keywords[5].score | 0.5353643894195557 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Proportional hazards model |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/cohort-study |
| keywords[6].score | 0.5249392986297607 |
| keywords[6].display_name | Cohort study |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/prospective-cohort-study |
| keywords[7].score | 0.5166435837745667 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Prospective cohort study |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/incidence |
| keywords[8].score | 0.5103451609611511 |
| keywords[8].display_name | Incidence (geometry) |
| keywords[9].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetic-retinopathy |
| keywords[9].score | 0.48245149850845337 |
| keywords[9].display_name | Diabetic retinopathy |
| keywords[10].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/record-linkage |
| keywords[10].score | 0.47462546825408936 |
| keywords[10].display_name | Record linkage |
| keywords[11].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/kidney-disease |
| keywords[11].score | 0.44796139001846313 |
| keywords[11].display_name | Kidney disease |
| keywords[12].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/cohort |
| keywords[12].score | 0.44097912311553955 |
| keywords[12].display_name | Cohort |
| keywords[13].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/retinopathy |
| keywords[13].score | 0.42918145656585693 |
| keywords[13].display_name | Retinopathy |
| keywords[14].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/confidence-interval |
| keywords[14].score | 0.21274077892303467 |
| keywords[14].display_name | Confidence interval |
| keywords[15].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/endocrinology |
| keywords[15].score | 0.16655808687210083 |
| keywords[15].display_name | Endocrinology |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.1136/jech-2023-221759 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S156988948 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 0143-005X, 1470-2738 |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 0143-005X |
| locations[0].source.is_core | True |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[0].source.display_name | Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310319945 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | BMJ |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310319945 |
| locations[0].license | cc-by-nc |
| locations[0].pdf_url | https://jech.bmj.com/content/jech/early/2024/04/17/jech-2023-221759.full.pdf |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2023-221759 |
| locations[1].id | pmid:38755015 |
| locations[1].is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306525036 |
| locations[1].source.issn | |
| locations[1].source.type | repository |
| locations[1].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.issn_l | |
| locations[1].source.is_core | False |
| locations[1].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[1].source.display_name | PubMed |
| locations[1].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].license | |
| locations[1].pdf_url | |
| locations[1].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[1].raw_type | |
| locations[1].license_id | |
| locations[1].is_accepted | True |
| locations[1].is_published | True |
| locations[1].raw_source_name | Journal of epidemiology and community health |
| locations[1].landing_page_url | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38755015 |
| locations[2].id | pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11287557 |
| locations[2].is_oa | True |
| locations[2].source.id | https://openalex.org/S2764455111 |
| locations[2].source.issn | |
| locations[2].source.type | repository |
| locations[2].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[2].source.issn_l | |
| locations[2].source.is_core | False |
| locations[2].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[2].source.display_name | PubMed Central |
| locations[2].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[2].license | other-oa |
| locations[2].pdf_url | |
| locations[2].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[2].raw_type | Text |
| locations[2].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa |
| locations[2].is_accepted | False |
| locations[2].is_published | False |
| locations[2].raw_source_name | J Epidemiol Community Health |
| locations[2].landing_page_url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11287557 |
| locations[3].id | pmh:oai:open-archive.highwire.org:jech:78/8/479 |
| locations[3].is_oa | False |
| locations[3].source | |
| locations[3].license | |
| locations[3].pdf_url | |
| locations[3].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[3].raw_type | TEXT |
| locations[3].license_id | |
| locations[3].is_accepted | False |
| locations[3].is_published | False |
| locations[3].raw_source_name | |
| locations[3].landing_page_url | http://jech.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/78/8/479 |
| indexed_in | crossref, pubmed |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5065520710 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8750-9720 |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Alice A. Gibson |
| authorships[0].countries | AU |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I129604602 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Menzies Centre for Health Policy and Economics, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I129604602 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/0384j8v12 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I129604602 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | AU |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | The University of Sydney |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Alice A Gibson |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | Menzies Centre for Health Policy and Economics, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5020557087 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2804-9012 |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Emma Cox |
| authorships[1].countries | AU |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I129604602 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia |
| authorships[1].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I129604602 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Menzies Centre for Health Policy and Economics, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I129604602 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/0384j8v12 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I129604602 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | AU |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | The University of Sydney |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Emma Cox |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, Menzies Centre for Health Policy and Economics, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5051279778 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6245-7159 |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Francisco J. Schneuer |
| authorships[2].countries | AU |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I129604602, https://openalex.org/I2802384191 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Child Population and Translational Health Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia |
| authorships[2].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I129604602 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia |
| authorships[2].affiliations[2].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I129604602 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[2].raw_affiliation_string | Menzies Centre for Health Policy and Economics, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I2802384191 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/05k0s5494 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2802384191 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | AU |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | Children's Hospital at Westmead |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I129604602 |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/0384j8v12 |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].type | education |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I129604602 |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].country_code | AU |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].display_name | The University of Sydney |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Francisco J Schneuer |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, Child Population and Translational Health Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, Menzies Centre for Health Policy and Economics, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5056430247 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7627-5674 |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | Jacob Humphries |
| authorships[3].countries | AU |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I129604602 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I129604602 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/0384j8v12 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I129604602 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code | AU |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name | The University of Sydney |
| authorships[3].author_position | middle |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | Jacob Humphries |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings | Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia |
| authorships[4].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5043956670 |
| authorships[4].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6613-5491 |
| authorships[4].author.display_name | Crystal Lee |
| authorships[4].countries | AU |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I205640436 |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I205640436 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02n415q13 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I205640436 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].country_code | AU |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].display_name | Curtin University |
| authorships[4].author_position | middle |
| authorships[4].raw_author_name | Crystal MY Lee |
| authorships[4].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[4].raw_affiliation_strings | School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia |
| authorships[5].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5022626727 |
| authorships[5].author.orcid | |
| authorships[5].author.display_name | Joanne Gale |
| authorships[5].countries | AU |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I129604602 |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Menzies Centre for Health Policy and Economics, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I129604602 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/0384j8v12 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I129604602 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].country_code | AU |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].display_name | The University of Sydney |
| authorships[5].author_position | middle |
| authorships[5].raw_author_name | Joanne Gale |
| authorships[5].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[5].raw_affiliation_strings | Menzies Centre for Health Policy and Economics, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia |
| authorships[6].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5073772726 |
| authorships[6].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0527-898X |
| authorships[6].author.display_name | Steven J. Chadban |
| authorships[6].countries | AU |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2799732068 |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Renal Medicine, Kidney Centre, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia |
| authorships[6].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I129604602 |
| authorships[6].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I2799732068 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/05gpvde20 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2799732068 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].country_code | AU |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].display_name | Royal Prince Alfred Hospital |
| authorships[6].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I129604602 |
| authorships[6].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/0384j8v12 |
| authorships[6].institutions[1].type | education |
| authorships[6].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I129604602 |
| authorships[6].institutions[1].country_code | AU |
| authorships[6].institutions[1].display_name | The University of Sydney |
| authorships[6].author_position | middle |
| authorships[6].raw_author_name | Steven Chadban |
| authorships[6].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[6].raw_affiliation_strings | Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, Department of Renal Medicine, Kidney Centre, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia |
| authorships[7].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5001215128 |
| authorships[7].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8580-0274 |
| authorships[7].author.display_name | Mark C. Gillies |
| authorships[7].countries | AU |
| authorships[7].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I129604602 |
| authorships[7].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Discipline of Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Save Sight Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I129604602 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/0384j8v12 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I129604602 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].country_code | AU |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].display_name | The University of Sydney |
| authorships[7].author_position | middle |
| authorships[7].raw_author_name | Mark Gillies |
| authorships[7].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[7].raw_affiliation_strings | Discipline of Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Save Sight Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia |
| authorships[8].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5012111658 |
| authorships[8].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4693-0038 |
| authorships[8].author.display_name | Clara K Chow |
| authorships[8].countries | AU |
| authorships[8].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2803024705 |
| authorships[8].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia |
| authorships[8].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I129604602 |
| authorships[8].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia |
| authorships[8].affiliations[2].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I129604602 |
| authorships[8].affiliations[2].raw_affiliation_string | Westmead Applied Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I129604602 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/0384j8v12 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I129604602 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].country_code | AU |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].display_name | The University of Sydney |
| authorships[8].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I2803024705 |
| authorships[8].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/04gp5yv64 |
| authorships[8].institutions[1].type | healthcare |
| authorships[8].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2803024705 |
| authorships[8].institutions[1].country_code | AU |
| authorships[8].institutions[1].display_name | Westmead Hospital |
| authorships[8].author_position | middle |
| authorships[8].raw_author_name | Clara K Chow |
| authorships[8].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[8].raw_affiliation_strings | Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia, Westmead Applied Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia |
| authorships[9].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5080414613 |
| authorships[9].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2398-4781 |
| authorships[9].author.display_name | Stephen Colagiuri |
| authorships[9].countries | AU |
| authorships[9].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I129604602 |
| authorships[9].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia |
| authorships[9].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I129604602 |
| authorships[9].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I129604602 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/0384j8v12 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I129604602 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].country_code | AU |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].display_name | The University of Sydney |
| authorships[9].author_position | middle |
| authorships[9].raw_author_name | Stephen Colagiuri |
| authorships[9].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[9].raw_affiliation_strings | Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia |
| authorships[10].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5085123564 |
| authorships[10].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3720-9655 |
| authorships[10].author.display_name | Natasha Nassar |
| authorships[10].countries | AU |
| authorships[10].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I129604602 |
| authorships[10].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia |
| authorships[10].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I129604602, https://openalex.org/I2802384191 |
| authorships[10].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Child Population and Translational Health Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia |
| authorships[10].affiliations[2].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I129604602 |
| authorships[10].affiliations[2].raw_affiliation_string | Menzies Centre for Health Policy and Economics, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I2802384191 |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/05k0s5494 |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2802384191 |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].country_code | AU |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].display_name | Children's Hospital at Westmead |
| authorships[10].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I129604602 |
| authorships[10].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/0384j8v12 |
| authorships[10].institutions[1].type | education |
| authorships[10].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I129604602 |
| authorships[10].institutions[1].country_code | AU |
| authorships[10].institutions[1].display_name | The University of Sydney |
| authorships[10].author_position | last |
| authorships[10].raw_author_name | Natasha Nassar |
| authorships[10].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[10].raw_affiliation_strings | Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, Child Population and Translational Health Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, Menzies Centre for Health Policy and Economics, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia |
| has_content.pdf | True |
| has_content.grobid_xml | False |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://jech.bmj.com/content/jech/early/2024/04/17/jech-2023-221759.full.pdf |
| open_access.oa_status | hybrid |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | Sex differences in risk of incident microvascular and macrovascular complications: a population-based data-linkage study among 25 713 people with diabetes |
| has_fulltext | False |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T10401 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Medicine |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9955000281333923 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2712 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism |
| primary_topic.display_name | Diabetes Treatment and Management |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W2584074590, https://openalex.org/W3028974389, https://openalex.org/W2752816974, https://openalex.org/W3190746054, https://openalex.org/W2567704700, https://openalex.org/W2942861078, https://openalex.org/W2234665477, https://openalex.org/W2418838244, https://openalex.org/W1981514967, https://openalex.org/W2074099750 |
| cited_by_count | 13 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2025 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 8 |
| counts_by_year[1].year | 2024 |
| counts_by_year[1].cited_by_count | 5 |
| locations_count | 4 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.1136/jech-2023-221759 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S156988948 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | 0143-005X, 1470-2738 |
| best_oa_location.source.type | journal |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | False |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | 0143-005X |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | True |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310319945 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | BMJ |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310319945 |
| best_oa_location.license | cc-by-nc |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | https://jech.bmj.com/content/jech/early/2024/04/17/jech-2023-221759.full.pdf |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2023-221759 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.1136/jech-2023-221759 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S156988948 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 0143-005X, 1470-2738 |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | False |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 0143-005X |
| primary_location.source.is_core | True |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| primary_location.source.display_name | Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310319945 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | BMJ |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310319945 |
| primary_location.license | cc-by-nc |
| primary_location.pdf_url | https://jech.bmj.com/content/jech/early/2024/04/17/jech-2023-221759.full.pdf |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2023-221759 |
| publication_date | 2024-05-16 |
| publication_year | 2024 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W2789732774, https://openalex.org/W2791011305, https://openalex.org/W2970382517, https://openalex.org/W2072690677, https://openalex.org/W3004813186, https://openalex.org/W4229077009, https://openalex.org/W4288045262, https://openalex.org/W4282913991, https://openalex.org/W4385652263, https://openalex.org/W2034948055, https://openalex.org/W2065974896, https://openalex.org/W3118534255, https://openalex.org/W2995887123, https://openalex.org/W3026637300, https://openalex.org/W3117541213, https://openalex.org/W2918000694, https://openalex.org/W3092245407, https://openalex.org/W1991686722, https://openalex.org/W2285863545, https://openalex.org/W4213179458, https://openalex.org/W2154424206, https://openalex.org/W2488615655, https://openalex.org/W2133507189, https://openalex.org/W3135575255, https://openalex.org/W2043970278, https://openalex.org/W2121906366, https://openalex.org/W2773087992, https://openalex.org/W2090883327, https://openalex.org/W4323804403, https://openalex.org/W2921676926, https://openalex.org/W2103410441, https://openalex.org/W4387902584, https://openalex.org/W2016809734, https://openalex.org/W2169169620, https://openalex.org/W2165280863, https://openalex.org/W2960917570, https://openalex.org/W1981246054, https://openalex.org/W4226148240, https://openalex.org/W4213223498, https://openalex.org/W4220739915 |
| referenced_works_count | 40 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 138, 175, 199 |
| abstract_inverted_index.10 | 189 |
| abstract_inverted_index.25 | 65 |
| abstract_inverted_index.45 | 52 |
| abstract_inverted_index.CI | 149, 158, 168, 184 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Up | 54 |
| abstract_inverted_index.at | 75, 238 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 8, 20, 33, 231, 251 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 6, 14 |
| abstract_inverted_index.no | 225 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 4, 25, 141, 178, 196, 215, 241, 244, 249, 257 |
| abstract_inverted_index.on | 228 |
| abstract_inverted_index.or | 204 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 29, 57, 104, 151, 160, 170, 186 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vs | 221 |
| abstract_inverted_index.21, | 132 |
| abstract_inverted_index.25% | 214 |
| abstract_inverted_index.32, | 134 |
| abstract_inverted_index.35% | 195 |
| abstract_inverted_index.37, | 130 |
| abstract_inverted_index.52, | 131 |
| abstract_inverted_index.713 | 66 |
| abstract_inverted_index.95% | 148, 157, 167, 183 |
| abstract_inverted_index.CVD | 142 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Cox | 98 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Men | 136, 234 |
| abstract_inverted_index.The | 1, 23, 61 |
| abstract_inverted_index.aim | 24 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 10, 36, 53, 84, 92, 110, 126, 133, 162, 174, 194, 213, 261 |
| abstract_inverted_index.are | 237 |
| abstract_inverted_index.for | 94, 121 |
| abstract_inverted_index.had | 137, 224 |
| abstract_inverted_index.men | 9, 197 |
| abstract_inverted_index.per | 117 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sex | 18, 31, 109, 229 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 51, 106, 255 |
| abstract_inverted_index.was | 28 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(57% | 68 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(aHR | 155, 165, 181 |
| abstract_inverted_index.1.03 | 185 |
| abstract_inverted_index.1.38 | 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.1.43 | 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.1.47 | 169 |
| abstract_inverted_index.1000 | 118 |
| abstract_inverted_index.18%, | 212 |
| abstract_inverted_index.25%, | 193 |
| abstract_inverted_index.31%, | 210 |
| abstract_inverted_index.44%, | 191 |
| abstract_inverted_index.57%, | 192 |
| abstract_inverted_index.61%, | 211 |
| abstract_inverted_index.CVD, | 122, 200 |
| abstract_inverted_index.High | 247 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Over | 188 |
| abstract_inverted_index.This | 44 |
| abstract_inverted_index.aged | 70 |
| abstract_inverted_index.both | 252 |
| abstract_inverted_index.data | 49, 91 |
| abstract_inverted_index.eye, | 81, 123, 201 |
| abstract_inverted_index.from | 50, 264 |
| abstract_inverted_index.limb | 154 |
| abstract_inverted_index.risk | 140, 177, 240 |
| abstract_inverted_index.than | 172 |
| abstract_inverted_index.this | 26 |
| abstract_inverted_index.used | 103 |
| abstract_inverted_index.were | 87, 102, 129 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 41, 73, 209, 235 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(aHR) | 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.1.14, | 182 |
| abstract_inverted_index.1.47, | 156 |
| abstract_inverted_index.1.51, | 147 |
| abstract_inverted_index.1.55, | 166 |
| abstract_inverted_index.1.64) | 171 |
| abstract_inverted_index.among | 39 |
| abstract_inverted_index.limb, | 83, 125, 203 |
| abstract_inverted_index.lower | 82, 124, 153, 202 |
| abstract_inverted_index.men), | 69 |
| abstract_inverted_index.rates | 116, 248 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ratio | 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sexes | 253 |
| abstract_inverted_index.study | 27, 47, 62 |
| abstract_inverted_index.there | 13 |
| abstract_inverted_index.using | 89 |
| abstract_inverted_index.years | 120, 220 |
| abstract_inverted_index.≥10 | 222 |
| abstract_inverted_index.≥45 | 71 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(CVD), | 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.1.26). | 187 |
| abstract_inverted_index.1.57), | 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.1.59), | 152 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Study, | 55 |
| abstract_inverted_index.adults | 40 |
| abstract_inverted_index.assess | 105 |
| abstract_inverted_index.claims | 93 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cohort | 46 |
| abstract_inverted_index.effect | 227 |
| abstract_inverted_index.global | 2 |
| abstract_inverted_index.hazard | 144 |
| abstract_inverted_index.health | 59 |
| abstract_inverted_index.kidney | 85, 127, 163, 205 |
| abstract_inverted_index.linked | 48 |
| abstract_inverted_index.models | 101 |
| abstract_inverted_index.person | 119 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sample | 63 |
| abstract_inverted_index.women, | 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.women. | 216 |
| abstract_inverted_index.women; | 11 |
| abstract_inverted_index.years) | 223 |
| abstract_inverted_index.years, | 72, 190 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(<10 | 219 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Methods | 43 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Results | 113 |
| abstract_inverted_index.between | 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.disease | 79 |
| abstract_inverted_index.greater | 139, 176, 239 |
| abstract_inverted_index.hazards | 100 |
| abstract_inverted_index.medical | 95 |
| abstract_inverted_index.similar | 7 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Diabetes | 217 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Incident | 77 |
| abstract_inverted_index.compared | 208 |
| abstract_inverted_index.diabetes | 5, 74, 236, 245 |
| abstract_inverted_index.diabetic | 179 |
| abstract_inverted_index.duration | 218 |
| abstract_inverted_index.evidence | 16 |
| abstract_inverted_index.however, | 12 |
| abstract_inverted_index.incident | 34, 111 |
| abstract_inverted_index.included | 64 |
| abstract_inverted_index.records. | 60 |
| abstract_inverted_index.targeted | 258 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(adjusted | 143 |
| abstract_inverted_index.baseline. | 76 |
| abstract_inverted_index.diabetes. | 42 |
| abstract_inverted_index.duration. | 246 |
| abstract_inverted_index.highlight | 254 |
| abstract_inverted_index.incidence | 115 |
| abstract_inverted_index.regarding | 17 |
| abstract_inverted_index.screening | 260 |
| abstract_inverted_index.services. | 96 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Australia, | 56 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Background | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.determined | 88 |
| abstract_inverted_index.diagnosis. | 265 |
| abstract_inverted_index.importance | 256 |
| abstract_inverted_index.prevalence | 3 |
| abstract_inverted_index.prevention | 262 |
| abstract_inverted_index.strategies | 263 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Conclusions | 233 |
| abstract_inverted_index.association | 107 |
| abstract_inverted_index.conflicting | 15 |
| abstract_inverted_index.differences | 19, 32, 230 |
| abstract_inverted_index.experienced | 198 |
| abstract_inverted_index.individuals | 67 |
| abstract_inverted_index.investigate | 30 |
| abstract_inverted_index.prospective | 45 |
| abstract_inverted_index.retinopathy | 180 |
| abstract_inverted_index.substantial | 226 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Age-adjusted | 114 |
| abstract_inverted_index.complication | 259 |
| abstract_inverted_index.irrespective | 243 |
| abstract_inverted_index.proportional | 99 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Multivariable | 97 |
| abstract_inverted_index.complication, | 206 |
| abstract_inverted_index.complications | 38, 86, 128, 164, 250 |
| abstract_inverted_index.macrovascular | 37 |
| abstract_inverted_index.microvascular | 35 |
| abstract_inverted_index.respectively, | 207 |
| abstract_inverted_index.respectively. | 135 |
| abstract_inverted_index.administrative | 58 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cardiovascular | 78 |
| abstract_inverted_index.complications, | 242 |
| abstract_inverted_index.complications. | 22, 112, 232 |
| abstract_inverted_index.hospitalisation | 90 |
| abstract_inverted_index.diabetes-related | 21 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 99 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 98 |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5065520710 |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 11 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I129604602 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.8500000238418579 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Good health and well-being |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.97144763 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | True |