Shifting Paradigms: A Deep Dive Into Public Perceptions of Gender-affirming Surgery Article Swipe
Justin M. Camacho
,
Michael Alfertshofer
,
Heli Patel
,
Daniel Najafali
,
Noelle Thompson
,
Victoria Stoffel
,
Chris M. Reid
,
Michael Alperovich
,
Samuel Knoedler
,
Leonard Knoedler
·
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/gox.0000000000006472
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/gox.0000000000006472
Background: Given the growing demand for gender-affirming surgery (GAS) in recent years, it is essential to explore the public perceptions of GAS. Understanding the public’s opinions and attitudes toward GAS will provide valuable insights for shaping educational initiatives to enhance public knowledge and awareness. Methods: This cross-sectional study used the Prolific Academic platform to distribute an online survey among adult participants residing in the United States in August 2023. Results: Of 1005 completed survey responses, 50% of respondents were 41 years of age or older, 51% were women, and 73% were White. A total of 18% identified as part of the LGBTQIA+ community, and most (37%) resided in the southern United States. The majority of participants (78%) did not personally know anyone who underwent GAS, and 74% believed that plastic surgeons mainly perform GAS. Only 22% felt healthcare professionals were well qualified to provide gender-affirming care. Media’s effect on GAS acceptance was assessed to be mostly negative (33%) or very negative (12%). About 33% favored both public and private health insurance coverage for GAS, whereas 35% opposed insurance coverage. Most respondents strongly agreed (32% and 34%) or agreed (33% and 37%) that GAS aligns with gender identity and improves mental health. Regarding minimum age, most partakers (43%) supported 18 years, whereas 38% endorsed 21 years. Conclusions: This study sheds light on the public perceptions of GAS. These insights underscore the need for targeted educational efforts to increase awareness, rectify misconceptions, and promote a deeper understanding of GAS within society.
Related Topics
Concepts
Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1097/gox.0000000000006472
- OA Status
- gold
- References
- 41
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4406664971
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W4406664971Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.1097/gox.0000000000006472Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Shifting Paradigms: A Deep Dive Into Public Perceptions of Gender-affirming SurgeryWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2025Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2025-01-01Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Justin M. Camacho, Michael Alfertshofer, Heli Patel, Daniel Najafali, Noelle Thompson, Victoria Stoffel, Chris M. Reid, Michael Alperovich, Samuel Knoedler, Leonard KnoedlerList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1097/gox.0000000000006472Publisher landing page
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://doi.org/10.1097/gox.0000000000006472Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Perception, Medicine, Public health, Psychology, Political science, Public relations, Nursing, NeuroscienceTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
0Total citation count in OpenAlex
- References (count)
-
41Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W4406664971 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.1097/gox.0000000000006472 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.1097/gox.0000000000006472 |
| ids.pmid | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39839450 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W4406664971 |
| fwci | 0.0 |
| type | article |
| title | Shifting Paradigms: A Deep Dive Into Public Perceptions of Gender-affirming Surgery |
| biblio.issue | 1 |
| biblio.volume | 13 |
| biblio.last_page | e6472 |
| biblio.first_page | e6472 |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T10156 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/32 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Psychology |
| topics[0].score | 0.9951000213623047 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/2 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Social Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/3207 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Social Psychology |
| topics[0].display_name | LGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T13252 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Medicine |
| topics[1].score | 0.986299991607666 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2739 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health |
| topics[1].display_name | Sex and Gender in Healthcare |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T10843 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Social Sciences |
| topics[2].score | 0.9501000046730042 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/2 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Social Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/3318 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Gender Studies |
| topics[2].display_name | Diversity and Career in Medicine |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list.value | 2195 |
| apc_list.currency | USD |
| apc_list.value_usd | 2195 |
| apc_paid.value | 2195 |
| apc_paid.currency | USD |
| apc_paid.value_usd | 2195 |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C26760741 |
| concepts[0].level | 2 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.6159482002258301 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Perception |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C71924100 |
| concepts[1].level | 0 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.43393510580062866 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Medicine |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C138816342 |
| concepts[2].level | 2 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.41441529989242554 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Public health |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C15744967 |
| concepts[3].level | 0 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.3726465702056885 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Psychology |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C17744445 |
| concepts[4].level | 0 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.3256455659866333 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Political science |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C39549134 |
| concepts[5].level | 1 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.3206428289413452 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Public relations |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C159110408 |
| concepts[6].level | 1 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.22536084055900574 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Nursing |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C169760540 |
| concepts[7].level | 1 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Neuroscience |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/perception |
| keywords[0].score | 0.6159482002258301 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Perception |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine |
| keywords[1].score | 0.43393510580062866 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Medicine |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/public-health |
| keywords[2].score | 0.41441529989242554 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Public health |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology |
| keywords[3].score | 0.3726465702056885 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Psychology |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science |
| keywords[4].score | 0.3256455659866333 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Political science |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/public-relations |
| keywords[5].score | 0.3206428289413452 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Public relations |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/nursing |
| keywords[6].score | 0.22536084055900574 |
| keywords[6].display_name | Nursing |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.1097/gox.0000000000006472 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S2754281505 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 2169-7574 |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 2169-7574 |
| locations[0].source.is_core | True |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | True |
| locations[0].source.display_name | Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery Global Open |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310318547 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | Wolters Kluwer |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310318547 |
| locations[0].license | cc-by-nc-nd |
| locations[0].pdf_url | |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1097/gox.0000000000006472 |
| locations[1].id | pmid:39839450 |
| locations[1].is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306525036 |
| locations[1].source.issn | |
| locations[1].source.type | repository |
| locations[1].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.issn_l | |
| locations[1].source.is_core | False |
| locations[1].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[1].source.display_name | PubMed |
| locations[1].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].license | |
| locations[1].pdf_url | |
| locations[1].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[1].raw_type | |
| locations[1].license_id | |
| locations[1].is_accepted | True |
| locations[1].is_published | True |
| locations[1].raw_source_name | Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open |
| locations[1].landing_page_url | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39839450 |
| locations[2].id | pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11749661 |
| locations[2].is_oa | True |
| locations[2].source.id | https://openalex.org/S2764455111 |
| locations[2].source.issn | |
| locations[2].source.type | repository |
| locations[2].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[2].source.issn_l | |
| locations[2].source.is_core | False |
| locations[2].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[2].source.display_name | PubMed Central |
| locations[2].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[2].license | other-oa |
| locations[2].pdf_url | |
| locations[2].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[2].raw_type | Text |
| locations[2].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa |
| locations[2].is_accepted | False |
| locations[2].is_published | False |
| locations[2].raw_source_name | Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open |
| locations[2].landing_page_url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11749661 |
| locations[3].id | pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:79b6f668eb9d45eab18c257b9917e671 |
| locations[3].is_oa | False |
| locations[3].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306401280 |
| locations[3].source.issn | |
| locations[3].source.type | repository |
| locations[3].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[3].source.issn_l | |
| locations[3].source.is_core | False |
| locations[3].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[3].source.display_name | DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) |
| locations[3].source.host_organization | |
| locations[3].source.host_organization_name | |
| locations[3].source.host_organization_lineage | |
| locations[3].license | |
| locations[3].pdf_url | |
| locations[3].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[3].raw_type | article |
| locations[3].license_id | |
| locations[3].is_accepted | False |
| locations[3].is_published | False |
| locations[3].raw_source_name | Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Global Open, Vol 13, Iss 1, p e6472 (2025) |
| locations[3].landing_page_url | https://doaj.org/article/79b6f668eb9d45eab18c257b9917e671 |
| indexed_in | crossref, doaj, pubmed |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5036796195 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1877-6005 |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Justin M. Camacho |
| authorships[0].countries | US |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I72816309 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | College of Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I72816309 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04bdffz58 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I72816309 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | Drexel University |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Justin M. Camacho |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | College of Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5042351268 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4892-2376 |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Michael Alfertshofer |
| authorships[1].countries | DE |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I8204097 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Division of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I8204097 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/05591te55 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I8204097 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | DE |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Michael Alfertshofer |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | Division of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5078459461 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9202-0361 |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Heli Patel |
| authorships[2].countries | US |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I203088144 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | College of Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, FL |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I203088144 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/042bbge36 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I203088144 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | Nova Southeastern University |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Heli S. Patel |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | College of Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, FL |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5021311552 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1509-9229 |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | Daniel Najafali |
| authorships[3].countries | US |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I157725225, https://openalex.org/I16820183 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | College of Medicine, Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I16820183 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/02ys5x139 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I16820183 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name | Illinois College |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I157725225 |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/047426m28 |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].type | education |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I157725225 |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].country_code | US |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].display_name | University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign |
| authorships[3].author_position | middle |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | Daniel Najafali |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings | College of Medicine, Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL |
| authorships[4].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5080343226 |
| authorships[4].author.orcid | |
| authorships[4].author.display_name | Noelle Thompson |
| authorships[4].countries | US |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I90871651 |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | College of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, OH |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I90871651 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/01pbdzh19 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I90871651 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].display_name | University of Toledo |
| authorships[4].author_position | middle |
| authorships[4].raw_author_name | Noelle Thompson |
| authorships[4].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[4].raw_affiliation_strings | College of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, OH |
| authorships[5].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5026548695 |
| authorships[5].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2223-3705 |
| authorships[5].author.display_name | Victoria Stoffel |
| authorships[5].countries | US |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I72816309 |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | College of Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I72816309 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04bdffz58 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I72816309 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].display_name | Drexel University |
| authorships[5].author_position | middle |
| authorships[5].raw_author_name | Victoria Stoffel |
| authorships[5].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[5].raw_affiliation_strings | College of Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA |
| authorships[6].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5104128558 |
| authorships[6].author.orcid | |
| authorships[6].author.display_name | Chris M. Reid |
| authorships[6].countries | US |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I36258959 |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | College of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I36258959 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/0168r3w48 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I36258959 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].display_name | University of California, San Diego |
| authorships[6].author_position | middle |
| authorships[6].raw_author_name | Chris M. Reid |
| authorships[6].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[6].raw_affiliation_strings | College of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA |
| authorships[7].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5001882854 |
| authorships[7].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5093-5790 |
| authorships[7].author.display_name | Michael Alperovich |
| authorships[7].countries | US |
| authorships[7].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I32971472 |
| authorships[7].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I32971472 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03v76x132 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I32971472 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].display_name | Yale University |
| authorships[7].author_position | middle |
| authorships[7].raw_author_name | Michael Alperovich |
| authorships[7].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[7].raw_affiliation_strings | Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT |
| authorships[8].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5051859405 |
| authorships[8].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5798-8003 |
| authorships[8].author.display_name | Samuel Knoedler |
| authorships[8].countries | DE |
| authorships[8].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2802619606, https://openalex.org/I62916508 |
| authorships[8].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I2802619606 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04jc43x05 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2802619606, https://openalex.org/I62916508 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].country_code | DE |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].display_name | Klinikum rechts der Isar |
| authorships[8].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I62916508 |
| authorships[8].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/02kkvpp62 |
| authorships[8].institutions[1].type | education |
| authorships[8].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I62916508 |
| authorships[8].institutions[1].country_code | DE |
| authorships[8].institutions[1].display_name | Technical University of Munich |
| authorships[8].author_position | middle |
| authorships[8].raw_author_name | Samuel Knoedler |
| authorships[8].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[8].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany |
| authorships[9].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5002297630 |
| authorships[9].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8949-3168 |
| authorships[9].author.display_name | Leonard Knoedler |
| authorships[9].countries | DE, US |
| authorships[9].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I3129555431 |
| authorships[9].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany. |
| authorships[9].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I136199984, https://openalex.org/I4210087915 |
| authorships[9].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I3129555431 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/01226dv09 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I3129555431 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].country_code | DE |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].display_name | University Hospital Regensburg |
| authorships[9].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I136199984 |
| authorships[9].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/03vek6s52 |
| authorships[9].institutions[1].type | education |
| authorships[9].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I136199984 |
| authorships[9].institutions[1].country_code | US |
| authorships[9].institutions[1].display_name | Harvard University |
| authorships[9].institutions[2].id | https://openalex.org/I4210087915 |
| authorships[9].institutions[2].ror | https://ror.org/002pd6e78 |
| authorships[9].institutions[2].type | healthcare |
| authorships[9].institutions[2].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210087915, https://openalex.org/I48633490 |
| authorships[9].institutions[2].country_code | US |
| authorships[9].institutions[2].display_name | Massachusetts General Hospital |
| authorships[9].author_position | last |
| authorships[9].raw_author_name | Leonard Knoedler |
| authorships[9].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[9].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany., Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA |
| has_content.pdf | False |
| has_content.grobid_xml | False |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://doi.org/10.1097/gox.0000000000006472 |
| open_access.oa_status | gold |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | Shifting Paradigms: A Deep Dive Into Public Perceptions of Gender-affirming Surgery |
| has_fulltext | False |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T10156 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/32 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Psychology |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9951000213623047 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/2 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Social Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/3207 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Social Psychology |
| primary_topic.display_name | LGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W4391375266, https://openalex.org/W2899084033, https://openalex.org/W2748952813, https://openalex.org/W2931662336, https://openalex.org/W2077865380, https://openalex.org/W3006817050, https://openalex.org/W4401768695, https://openalex.org/W2765597752, https://openalex.org/W2134894512, https://openalex.org/W2083375246 |
| cited_by_count | 0 |
| locations_count | 4 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.1097/gox.0000000000006472 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S2754281505 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | 2169-7574 |
| best_oa_location.source.type | journal |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | 2169-7574 |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | True |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery Global Open |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310318547 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | Wolters Kluwer |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310318547 |
| best_oa_location.license | cc-by-nc-nd |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1097/gox.0000000000006472 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.1097/gox.0000000000006472 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S2754281505 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 2169-7574 |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 2169-7574 |
| primary_location.source.is_core | True |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| primary_location.source.display_name | Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery Global Open |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310318547 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | Wolters Kluwer |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310318547 |
| primary_location.license | cc-by-nc-nd |
| primary_location.pdf_url | |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1097/gox.0000000000006472 |
| publication_date | 2025-01-01 |
| publication_year | 2025 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W4306643619, https://openalex.org/W3216626035, https://openalex.org/W4297463210, https://openalex.org/W4200556799, https://openalex.org/W4320486571, https://openalex.org/W3050245919, https://openalex.org/W4385230100, https://openalex.org/W4292056450, https://openalex.org/W4214552015, https://openalex.org/W2275737843, https://openalex.org/W2779206865, https://openalex.org/W3127287804, https://openalex.org/W4283448905, https://openalex.org/W3004050174, https://openalex.org/W6851887550, https://openalex.org/W4387563950, https://openalex.org/W3210688059, https://openalex.org/W3002766177, https://openalex.org/W4386858210, https://openalex.org/W3037357038, https://openalex.org/W4320718619, https://openalex.org/W2774933925, https://openalex.org/W3197400347, https://openalex.org/W3081651810, https://openalex.org/W2973190046, https://openalex.org/W2997154067, https://openalex.org/W2995916345, https://openalex.org/W4324051773, https://openalex.org/W4281697085, https://openalex.org/W3128809996, https://openalex.org/W3013583626, https://openalex.org/W2793160667, https://openalex.org/W2938057460, https://openalex.org/W2982855633, https://openalex.org/W1910864111, https://openalex.org/W2543579241, https://openalex.org/W4362522395, https://openalex.org/W4388501635, https://openalex.org/W2800569170, https://openalex.org/W3015416742, https://openalex.org/W4366368033 |
| referenced_works_count | 41 |
| abstract_inverted_index.A | 92 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 242 |
| abstract_inverted_index.18 | 208 |
| abstract_inverted_index.21 | 213 |
| abstract_inverted_index.41 | 79 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Of | 70 |
| abstract_inverted_index.an | 55 |
| abstract_inverted_index.as | 97 |
| abstract_inverted_index.be | 154 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 9, 62, 66, 107 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 13 |
| abstract_inverted_index.it | 12 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 20, 76, 81, 94, 99, 114, 224, 245 |
| abstract_inverted_index.on | 148, 220 |
| abstract_inverted_index.or | 83, 158, 186 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 15, 38, 53, 142, 153, 235 |
| abstract_inverted_index.18% | 95 |
| abstract_inverted_index.22% | 135 |
| abstract_inverted_index.33% | 163 |
| abstract_inverted_index.35% | 175 |
| abstract_inverted_index.38% | 211 |
| abstract_inverted_index.50% | 75 |
| abstract_inverted_index.51% | 85 |
| abstract_inverted_index.73% | 89 |
| abstract_inverted_index.74% | 126 |
| abstract_inverted_index.GAS | 29, 149, 192, 246 |
| abstract_inverted_index.The | 112 |
| abstract_inverted_index.age | 82 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 26, 42, 88, 103, 125, 167, 184, 189, 197, 240 |
| abstract_inverted_index.did | 117 |
| abstract_inverted_index.for | 5, 34, 172, 231 |
| abstract_inverted_index.not | 118 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 2, 17, 23, 49, 63, 100, 108, 221, 229 |
| abstract_inverted_index.was | 151 |
| abstract_inverted_index.who | 122 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(32% | 183 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(33% | 188 |
| abstract_inverted_index.1005 | 71 |
| abstract_inverted_index.34%) | 185 |
| abstract_inverted_index.37%) | 190 |
| abstract_inverted_index.GAS, | 124, 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.GAS. | 21, 133, 225 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Most | 179 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Only | 134 |
| abstract_inverted_index.This | 45, 216 |
| abstract_inverted_index.age, | 203 |
| abstract_inverted_index.both | 165 |
| abstract_inverted_index.felt | 136 |
| abstract_inverted_index.know | 120 |
| abstract_inverted_index.most | 104, 204 |
| abstract_inverted_index.need | 230 |
| abstract_inverted_index.part | 98 |
| abstract_inverted_index.that | 128, 191 |
| abstract_inverted_index.used | 48 |
| abstract_inverted_index.very | 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.well | 140 |
| abstract_inverted_index.were | 78, 86, 90, 139 |
| abstract_inverted_index.will | 30 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 194 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(33%) | 157 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(37%) | 105 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(43%) | 206 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(78%) | 116 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(GAS) | 8 |
| abstract_inverted_index.2023. | 68 |
| abstract_inverted_index.About | 162 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Given | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.These | 226 |
| abstract_inverted_index.adult | 59 |
| abstract_inverted_index.among | 58 |
| abstract_inverted_index.care. | 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.light | 219 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sheds | 218 |
| abstract_inverted_index.study | 47, 217 |
| abstract_inverted_index.total | 93 |
| abstract_inverted_index.years | 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(12%). | 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.August | 67 |
| abstract_inverted_index.States | 65 |
| abstract_inverted_index.United | 64, 110 |
| abstract_inverted_index.White. | 91 |
| abstract_inverted_index.agreed | 182, 187 |
| abstract_inverted_index.aligns | 193 |
| abstract_inverted_index.anyone | 121 |
| abstract_inverted_index.deeper | 243 |
| abstract_inverted_index.demand | 4 |
| abstract_inverted_index.effect | 147 |
| abstract_inverted_index.gender | 195 |
| abstract_inverted_index.health | 169 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mainly | 131 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mental | 199 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mostly | 155 |
| abstract_inverted_index.older, | 84 |
| abstract_inverted_index.online | 56 |
| abstract_inverted_index.public | 18, 40, 166, 222 |
| abstract_inverted_index.recent | 10 |
| abstract_inverted_index.survey | 57, 73 |
| abstract_inverted_index.toward | 28 |
| abstract_inverted_index.within | 247 |
| abstract_inverted_index.women, | 87 |
| abstract_inverted_index.years, | 11, 209 |
| abstract_inverted_index.years. | 214 |
| abstract_inverted_index.States. | 111 |
| abstract_inverted_index.efforts | 234 |
| abstract_inverted_index.enhance | 39 |
| abstract_inverted_index.explore | 16 |
| abstract_inverted_index.favored | 164 |
| abstract_inverted_index.growing | 3 |
| abstract_inverted_index.health. | 200 |
| abstract_inverted_index.minimum | 202 |
| abstract_inverted_index.opposed | 176 |
| abstract_inverted_index.perform | 132 |
| abstract_inverted_index.plastic | 129 |
| abstract_inverted_index.private | 168 |
| abstract_inverted_index.promote | 241 |
| abstract_inverted_index.provide | 31, 143 |
| abstract_inverted_index.rectify | 238 |
| abstract_inverted_index.resided | 106 |
| abstract_inverted_index.shaping | 35 |
| abstract_inverted_index.surgery | 7 |
| abstract_inverted_index.whereas | 174, 210 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Academic | 51 |
| abstract_inverted_index.LGBTQIA+ | 101 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Methods: | 44 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Prolific | 50 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Results: | 69 |
| abstract_inverted_index.assessed | 152 |
| abstract_inverted_index.believed | 127 |
| abstract_inverted_index.coverage | 171 |
| abstract_inverted_index.endorsed | 212 |
| abstract_inverted_index.identity | 196 |
| abstract_inverted_index.improves | 198 |
| abstract_inverted_index.increase | 236 |
| abstract_inverted_index.insights | 33, 227 |
| abstract_inverted_index.majority | 113 |
| abstract_inverted_index.negative | 156, 160 |
| abstract_inverted_index.opinions | 25 |
| abstract_inverted_index.platform | 52 |
| abstract_inverted_index.residing | 61 |
| abstract_inverted_index.society. | 248 |
| abstract_inverted_index.southern | 109 |
| abstract_inverted_index.strongly | 181 |
| abstract_inverted_index.surgeons | 130 |
| abstract_inverted_index.targeted | 232 |
| abstract_inverted_index.valuable | 32 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Media’s | 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Regarding | 201 |
| abstract_inverted_index.attitudes | 27 |
| abstract_inverted_index.completed | 72 |
| abstract_inverted_index.coverage. | 178 |
| abstract_inverted_index.essential | 14 |
| abstract_inverted_index.insurance | 170, 177 |
| abstract_inverted_index.knowledge | 41 |
| abstract_inverted_index.partakers | 205 |
| abstract_inverted_index.qualified | 141 |
| abstract_inverted_index.supported | 207 |
| abstract_inverted_index.underwent | 123 |
| abstract_inverted_index.acceptance | 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.awareness, | 237 |
| abstract_inverted_index.awareness. | 43 |
| abstract_inverted_index.community, | 102 |
| abstract_inverted_index.distribute | 54 |
| abstract_inverted_index.healthcare | 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.identified | 96 |
| abstract_inverted_index.personally | 119 |
| abstract_inverted_index.public’s | 24 |
| abstract_inverted_index.responses, | 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.underscore | 228 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Background: | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.educational | 36, 233 |
| abstract_inverted_index.initiatives | 37 |
| abstract_inverted_index.perceptions | 19, 223 |
| abstract_inverted_index.respondents | 77, 180 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Conclusions: | 215 |
| abstract_inverted_index.participants | 60, 115 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Understanding | 22 |
| abstract_inverted_index.professionals | 138 |
| abstract_inverted_index.understanding | 244 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cross-sectional | 46 |
| abstract_inverted_index.misconceptions, | 239 |
| abstract_inverted_index.gender-affirming | 6, 144 |
| cited_by_percentile_year | |
| countries_distinct_count | 2 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 10 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.6299999952316284 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Gender equality |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.02148578 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | True |