Single-leader multi-follower games for the regulation of two-sided Mobility-as-a-Service markets Article Swipe
YOU?
·
· 2021
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2106.02151
Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) is an emerging business model driven by the concept of "Everything-as-a-Service" and enabled through mobile internet technologies. In the context of economic deregulation, a MaaS system consists of a typical two-sided market, where travelers and transportation service providers (TSPs) are two groups of agents interacting with each other through a MaaS platform. In this study, we propose a modeling and optimization framework for the regulation of two-sided MaaS markets. We consider a name-your-own-price (NYOP)-auction mechanism where travelers submit purchase-bids to accommodate their travel demand via MaaS platform, and TSPs submit sell-bids to supply mobility resources for the MaaS platform in exchange for payments. We cast this problem as a single-leader multi-follower game (SLMFG) where the leader is the MaaS regulator and two groups of follower problems represent the travelers and the TSPs. The MaaS regulator aims to maximize its profits by optimizing operations. In response to the MaaS regulator's decisions, travelers (resp. TSPs) adjust their participation level in the MaaS platform to minimize their travel costs (resp. maximize their profits). We analyze cross-group network effects in the MaaS market, and formulate SLMFGs without and with network effects leading to mixed-integer linear bilevel programming and mixed-integer quadratic bilevel programming problems, respectively. We propose customized branch-and-bound algorithms based on strong duality reformulations to solve these SLMFGs. Extensive numerical experiments conducted on large scale simulation instances generated from realistic mobility data highlight that the performance of the proposed algorithms is significantly superior to a benchmarking approach, and provide meaningful managerial insights for the regulation of two-sided MaaS markets in practice.
Related Topics
- Type
- preprint
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2106.02151
- OA Status
- green
- Cited By
- 4
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4310712495
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W4310712495Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2106.02151Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Single-leader multi-follower games for the regulation of two-sided Mobility-as-a-Service marketsWork title
- Type
-
preprintOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2021Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2021-06-03Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Haoning Xi, Didier Aussel, Wei Liu, S. Travis Waller, David ReyList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2106.02151Publisher landing page
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
greenOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2106.02151Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Context (archaeology), Computer science, Service (business), Integer programming, Service provider, Bilevel optimization, Operations research, Payment, The Internet, Mathematical optimization, Microeconomics, Business, Economics, Marketing, Optimization problem, Mathematics, Paleontology, World Wide Web, BiologyTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
4Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2023: 3, 2022: 1Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W4310712495 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2106.02151 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2106.02151 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W4310712495 |
| fwci | |
| type | preprint |
| title | Single-leader multi-follower games for the regulation of two-sided Mobility-as-a-Service markets |
| biblio.issue | |
| biblio.volume | |
| biblio.last_page | |
| biblio.first_page | |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T11942 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/22 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Engineering |
| topics[0].score | 0.9998999834060669 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2203 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Automotive Engineering |
| topics[0].display_name | Transportation and Mobility Innovations |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T12392 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/14 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Business, Management and Accounting |
| topics[1].score | 0.9994999766349792 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/2 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Social Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/1406 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Marketing |
| topics[1].display_name | Sharing Economy and Platforms |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T10698 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Social Sciences |
| topics[2].score | 0.9970999956130981 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/2 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Social Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/3313 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Transportation |
| topics[2].display_name | Transportation Planning and Optimization |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list | |
| apc_paid | |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C2779343474 |
| concepts[0].level | 2 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.6116275787353516 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Context (archaeology) |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C41008148 |
| concepts[1].level | 0 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.5637049674987793 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Computer science |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C2780378061 |
| concepts[2].level | 2 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.5309706926345825 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Service (business) |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C56086750 |
| concepts[3].level | 2 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.4936028718948364 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6042592 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Integer programming |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C116537 |
| concepts[4].level | 3 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.47933873534202576 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2169973 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Service provider |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C3309286 |
| concepts[5].level | 3 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.4566890001296997 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4907693 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Bilevel optimization |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C42475967 |
| concepts[6].level | 1 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.4546317756175995 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Operations research |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C145097563 |
| concepts[7].level | 2 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.43860742449760437 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148747 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Payment |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C110875604 |
| concepts[8].level | 2 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.42604732513427734 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75 |
| concepts[8].display_name | The Internet |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C126255220 |
| concepts[9].level | 1 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.40879249572753906 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495 |
| concepts[9].display_name | Mathematical optimization |
| concepts[10].id | https://openalex.org/C175444787 |
| concepts[10].level | 1 |
| concepts[10].score | 0.3774806261062622 |
| concepts[10].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072 |
| concepts[10].display_name | Microeconomics |
| concepts[11].id | https://openalex.org/C144133560 |
| concepts[11].level | 0 |
| concepts[11].score | 0.36558854579925537 |
| concepts[11].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453 |
| concepts[11].display_name | Business |
| concepts[12].id | https://openalex.org/C162324750 |
| concepts[12].level | 0 |
| concepts[12].score | 0.2616502642631531 |
| concepts[12].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134 |
| concepts[12].display_name | Economics |
| concepts[13].id | https://openalex.org/C162853370 |
| concepts[13].level | 1 |
| concepts[13].score | 0.21740195155143738 |
| concepts[13].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809 |
| concepts[13].display_name | Marketing |
| concepts[14].id | https://openalex.org/C137836250 |
| concepts[14].level | 2 |
| concepts[14].score | 0.19055435061454773 |
| concepts[14].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063 |
| concepts[14].display_name | Optimization problem |
| concepts[15].id | https://openalex.org/C33923547 |
| concepts[15].level | 0 |
| concepts[15].score | 0.1792677640914917 |
| concepts[15].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395 |
| concepts[15].display_name | Mathematics |
| concepts[16].id | https://openalex.org/C151730666 |
| concepts[16].level | 1 |
| concepts[16].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[16].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205 |
| concepts[16].display_name | Paleontology |
| concepts[17].id | https://openalex.org/C136764020 |
| concepts[17].level | 1 |
| concepts[17].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[17].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466 |
| concepts[17].display_name | World Wide Web |
| concepts[18].id | https://openalex.org/C86803240 |
| concepts[18].level | 0 |
| concepts[18].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[18].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420 |
| concepts[18].display_name | Biology |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/context |
| keywords[0].score | 0.6116275787353516 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Context (archaeology) |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science |
| keywords[1].score | 0.5637049674987793 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Computer science |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/service |
| keywords[2].score | 0.5309706926345825 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Service (business) |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/integer-programming |
| keywords[3].score | 0.4936028718948364 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Integer programming |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/service-provider |
| keywords[4].score | 0.47933873534202576 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Service provider |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/bilevel-optimization |
| keywords[5].score | 0.4566890001296997 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Bilevel optimization |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research |
| keywords[6].score | 0.4546317756175995 |
| keywords[6].display_name | Operations research |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/payment |
| keywords[7].score | 0.43860742449760437 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Payment |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet |
| keywords[8].score | 0.42604732513427734 |
| keywords[8].display_name | The Internet |
| keywords[9].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization |
| keywords[9].score | 0.40879249572753906 |
| keywords[9].display_name | Mathematical optimization |
| keywords[10].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/microeconomics |
| keywords[10].score | 0.3774806261062622 |
| keywords[10].display_name | Microeconomics |
| keywords[11].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/business |
| keywords[11].score | 0.36558854579925537 |
| keywords[11].display_name | Business |
| keywords[12].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/economics |
| keywords[12].score | 0.2616502642631531 |
| keywords[12].display_name | Economics |
| keywords[13].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing |
| keywords[13].score | 0.21740195155143738 |
| keywords[13].display_name | Marketing |
| keywords[14].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem |
| keywords[14].score | 0.19055435061454773 |
| keywords[14].display_name | Optimization problem |
| keywords[15].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics |
| keywords[15].score | 0.1792677640914917 |
| keywords[15].display_name | Mathematics |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.48550/arxiv.2106.02151 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306400194 |
| locations[0].source.issn | |
| locations[0].source.type | repository |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | |
| locations[0].source.is_core | False |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[0].source.display_name | arXiv (Cornell University) |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I205783295 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | Cornell University |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I205783295 |
| locations[0].license | |
| locations[0].pdf_url | |
| locations[0].version | |
| locations[0].raw_type | article |
| locations[0].license_id | |
| locations[0].is_accepted | False |
| locations[0].is_published | |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2106.02151 |
| indexed_in | datacite |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5055995052 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7499-8799 |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Haoning Xi |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Xi, Haoning |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5027071014 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4714-9809 |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Didier Aussel |
| authorships[1].countries | FR |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I151295451 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | UPVD - Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (52 avenue Paul Alduy - 66860 Perpignan Cedex 9 - France) |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I151295451 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03am2jy38 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I151295451 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | FR |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | Université de Perpignan |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Aussel, Didier |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | UPVD - Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (52 avenue Paul Alduy - 66860 Perpignan Cedex 9 - France) |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5100431692 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8638-3695 |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Wei Liu |
| authorships[2].countries | HK |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I14243506 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | POLYU - The Hong Kong Polytechnic University [Hong Kong] (Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong - China) |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I14243506 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/0030zas98 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I14243506 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | HK |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | Hong Kong Polytechnic University |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Liu, Wei |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | POLYU - The Hong Kong Polytechnic University [Hong Kong] (Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong - China) |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5012107020 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2939-2090 |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | S. Travis Waller |
| authorships[3].author_position | middle |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | Waller, S Travis |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[4].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5086090445 |
| authorships[4].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1577-3845 |
| authorships[4].author.display_name | David Rey |
| authorships[4].countries | FR |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I181418319 |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | SKEMA Business School (Campus Sophia Antipolis 60 rue Dostoïevski 06902 Sophia Antipolis - France) |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I181418319 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/036h8vg94 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I181418319 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].country_code | FR |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].display_name | SKEMA Business School |
| authorships[4].author_position | last |
| authorships[4].raw_author_name | Rey, David |
| authorships[4].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[4].raw_affiliation_strings | SKEMA Business School (Campus Sophia Antipolis 60 rue Dostoïevski 06902 Sophia Antipolis - France) |
| has_content.pdf | False |
| has_content.grobid_xml | False |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2106.02151 |
| open_access.oa_status | green |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | Single-leader multi-follower games for the regulation of two-sided Mobility-as-a-Service markets |
| has_fulltext | False |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T06:51:31.235846 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T11942 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/22 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Engineering |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9998999834060669 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2203 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Automotive Engineering |
| primary_topic.display_name | Transportation and Mobility Innovations |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W4237041411, https://openalex.org/W1588628884, https://openalex.org/W1994745260, https://openalex.org/W2382404424, https://openalex.org/W4300511218, https://openalex.org/W2012267561, https://openalex.org/W3018909868, https://openalex.org/W3040509871, https://openalex.org/W1597439928, https://openalex.org/W2602511199 |
| cited_by_count | 4 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2023 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 3 |
| counts_by_year[1].year | 2022 |
| counts_by_year[1].cited_by_count | 1 |
| locations_count | 1 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.48550/arxiv.2106.02151 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306400194 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | |
| best_oa_location.source.type | repository |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | False |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | arXiv (Cornell University) |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I205783295 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | Cornell University |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I205783295 |
| best_oa_location.license | |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | |
| best_oa_location.version | |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | False |
| best_oa_location.is_published | False |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2106.02151 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.48550/arxiv.2106.02151 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306400194 |
| primary_location.source.issn | |
| primary_location.source.type | repository |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | |
| primary_location.source.is_core | False |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| primary_location.source.display_name | arXiv (Cornell University) |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I205783295 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | Cornell University |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I205783295 |
| primary_location.license | |
| primary_location.pdf_url | |
| primary_location.version | |
| primary_location.raw_type | article |
| primary_location.license_id | |
| primary_location.is_accepted | False |
| primary_location.is_published | False |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2106.02151 |
| publication_date | 2021-06-03 |
| publication_year | 2021 |
| referenced_works_count | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 25, 30, 51, 59, 73, 110, 242 |
| abstract_inverted_index.In | 19, 54, 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.We | 71, 105, 172, 202 |
| abstract_inverted_index.an | 3 |
| abstract_inverted_index.as | 109 |
| abstract_inverted_index.by | 8, 142 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 101, 159, 177, 257 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 2, 118, 238 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 11, 22, 29, 44, 67, 125, 234, 253 |
| abstract_inverted_index.on | 208, 220 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 81, 93, 138, 147, 163, 190, 212, 241 |
| abstract_inverted_index.we | 57 |
| abstract_inverted_index.The | 134 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 13, 36, 61, 89, 122, 131, 181, 185, 195, 245 |
| abstract_inverted_index.are | 41 |
| abstract_inverted_index.for | 64, 97, 103, 250 |
| abstract_inverted_index.its | 140 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 9, 20, 65, 98, 116, 119, 129, 132, 148, 160, 178, 232, 235, 251 |
| abstract_inverted_index.two | 42, 123 |
| abstract_inverted_index.via | 86 |
| abstract_inverted_index.MaaS | 26, 52, 69, 87, 99, 120, 135, 149, 161, 179, 255 |
| abstract_inverted_index.TSPs | 90 |
| abstract_inverted_index.aims | 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cast | 106 |
| abstract_inverted_index.data | 229 |
| abstract_inverted_index.each | 48 |
| abstract_inverted_index.from | 226 |
| abstract_inverted_index.game | 113 |
| abstract_inverted_index.that | 231 |
| abstract_inverted_index.this | 55, 107 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 47, 186 |
| abstract_inverted_index.TSPs) | 154 |
| abstract_inverted_index.TSPs. | 133 |
| abstract_inverted_index.based | 207 |
| abstract_inverted_index.costs | 167 |
| abstract_inverted_index.large | 221 |
| abstract_inverted_index.level | 158 |
| abstract_inverted_index.model | 6 |
| abstract_inverted_index.other | 49 |
| abstract_inverted_index.scale | 222 |
| abstract_inverted_index.solve | 213 |
| abstract_inverted_index.their | 83, 156, 165, 170 |
| abstract_inverted_index.these | 214 |
| abstract_inverted_index.where | 34, 77, 115 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(MaaS) | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(TSPs) | 40 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(resp. | 153, 168 |
| abstract_inverted_index.SLMFGs | 183 |
| abstract_inverted_index.adjust | 155 |
| abstract_inverted_index.agents | 45 |
| abstract_inverted_index.demand | 85 |
| abstract_inverted_index.driven | 7 |
| abstract_inverted_index.groups | 43, 124 |
| abstract_inverted_index.leader | 117 |
| abstract_inverted_index.linear | 192 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mobile | 16 |
| abstract_inverted_index.strong | 209 |
| abstract_inverted_index.study, | 56 |
| abstract_inverted_index.submit | 79, 91 |
| abstract_inverted_index.supply | 94 |
| abstract_inverted_index.system | 27 |
| abstract_inverted_index.travel | 84, 166 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(SLMFG) | 114 |
| abstract_inverted_index.SLMFGs. | 215 |
| abstract_inverted_index.analyze | 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.bilevel | 193, 198 |
| abstract_inverted_index.concept | 10 |
| abstract_inverted_index.context | 21 |
| abstract_inverted_index.duality | 210 |
| abstract_inverted_index.effects | 176, 188 |
| abstract_inverted_index.enabled | 14 |
| abstract_inverted_index.leading | 189 |
| abstract_inverted_index.market, | 33, 180 |
| abstract_inverted_index.markets | 256 |
| abstract_inverted_index.network | 175, 187 |
| abstract_inverted_index.problem | 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.profits | 141 |
| abstract_inverted_index.propose | 58, 203 |
| abstract_inverted_index.provide | 246 |
| abstract_inverted_index.service | 38 |
| abstract_inverted_index.through | 15, 50 |
| abstract_inverted_index.typical | 31 |
| abstract_inverted_index.without | 184 |
| abstract_inverted_index.business | 5 |
| abstract_inverted_index.consider | 72 |
| abstract_inverted_index.consists | 28 |
| abstract_inverted_index.economic | 23 |
| abstract_inverted_index.emerging | 4 |
| abstract_inverted_index.exchange | 102 |
| abstract_inverted_index.follower | 126 |
| abstract_inverted_index.insights | 249 |
| abstract_inverted_index.internet | 17 |
| abstract_inverted_index.markets. | 70 |
| abstract_inverted_index.maximize | 139, 169 |
| abstract_inverted_index.minimize | 164 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mobility | 95, 228 |
| abstract_inverted_index.modeling | 60 |
| abstract_inverted_index.platform | 100, 162 |
| abstract_inverted_index.problems | 127 |
| abstract_inverted_index.proposed | 236 |
| abstract_inverted_index.response | 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.superior | 240 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Extensive | 216 |
| abstract_inverted_index.approach, | 244 |
| abstract_inverted_index.conducted | 219 |
| abstract_inverted_index.formulate | 182 |
| abstract_inverted_index.framework | 63 |
| abstract_inverted_index.generated | 225 |
| abstract_inverted_index.highlight | 230 |
| abstract_inverted_index.instances | 224 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mechanism | 76 |
| abstract_inverted_index.numerical | 217 |
| abstract_inverted_index.payments. | 104 |
| abstract_inverted_index.platform, | 88 |
| abstract_inverted_index.platform. | 53 |
| abstract_inverted_index.practice. | 258 |
| abstract_inverted_index.problems, | 200 |
| abstract_inverted_index.profits). | 171 |
| abstract_inverted_index.providers | 39 |
| abstract_inverted_index.quadratic | 197 |
| abstract_inverted_index.realistic | 227 |
| abstract_inverted_index.regulator | 121, 136 |
| abstract_inverted_index.represent | 128 |
| abstract_inverted_index.resources | 96 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sell-bids | 92 |
| abstract_inverted_index.travelers | 35, 78, 130, 152 |
| abstract_inverted_index.two-sided | 32, 68, 254 |
| abstract_inverted_index.algorithms | 206, 237 |
| abstract_inverted_index.customized | 204 |
| abstract_inverted_index.decisions, | 151 |
| abstract_inverted_index.managerial | 248 |
| abstract_inverted_index.meaningful | 247 |
| abstract_inverted_index.optimizing | 143 |
| abstract_inverted_index.regulation | 66, 252 |
| abstract_inverted_index.simulation | 223 |
| abstract_inverted_index.accommodate | 82 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cross-group | 174 |
| abstract_inverted_index.experiments | 218 |
| abstract_inverted_index.interacting | 46 |
| abstract_inverted_index.operations. | 144 |
| abstract_inverted_index.performance | 233 |
| abstract_inverted_index.programming | 194, 199 |
| abstract_inverted_index.regulator's | 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.benchmarking | 243 |
| abstract_inverted_index.optimization | 62 |
| abstract_inverted_index.deregulation, | 24 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mixed-integer | 191, 196 |
| abstract_inverted_index.participation | 157 |
| abstract_inverted_index.purchase-bids | 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.respectively. | 201 |
| abstract_inverted_index.significantly | 239 |
| abstract_inverted_index.single-leader | 111 |
| abstract_inverted_index.technologies. | 18 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(NYOP)-auction | 75 |
| abstract_inverted_index.multi-follower | 112 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reformulations | 211 |
| abstract_inverted_index.transportation | 37 |
| abstract_inverted_index.branch-and-bound | 205 |
| abstract_inverted_index.name-your-own-price | 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Mobility-as-a-Service | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index."Everything-as-a-Service" | 12 |
| cited_by_percentile_year | |
| countries_distinct_count | 2 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 5 |
| citation_normalized_percentile |