Sparsening algorithm for multihadron lattice QCD correlation functions Article Swipe

PDF

William Detmold , D. Murphy , Andrew Pochinsky , Martin J. Savage , Phiala E. Shanahan , Michael L. Wagman ·

YOU? · · 2021 · Open Access · · DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.104.034502

Modern advances in algorithms for lattice QCD calculations have steadily driven down the resources required to generate gauge field ensembles and calculate quark propagators, such that, in cases relevant to nuclear physics, performing quark contractions to assemble correlation functions from propagators has become the dominant cost. This work explores a propagator sparsening algorithm for forming correlation functions describing multihadron systems, such as light nuclei, with reduced computational cost. The algorithm constructs correlation functions from sparsened propagators defined on a coarsened lattice geometry, where the sparsened propagators are obtained from propagators computed on the full lattice. This algorithm is used to study the low-energy QCD ground-state spectrum using a single Wilson-clover lattice ensemble with m_π ≈ 800 MeV. It is found that the extracted ground state masses and binding energies, as well as their statistical uncertainties, are consistent when determined from correlation functions constructed from sparsened and full propagators. In addition, while evidence of modified couplings to excited states is observed in sparsened correlation functions, it is demonstrated that these effects can be removed, if desired, with an inexpensive modification to the sparsened estimator.

Related Topics

Concepts

Propagator Lattice QCD Physics Quantum chromodynamics Lattice (music) Ground state Estimator Excited state Particle physics Quark Lattice field theory Mathematical physics Quantum mechanics Mathematics Statistics Acoustics

Metadata

Type: article
Language: en
Landing Page: https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.104.034502
PDF: http://link.aps.org/pdf/10.1103/PhysRevD.104.034502
OA Status: hybrid
Cited By: 26
References: 71
Related Works: 10
OpenAlex ID: https://openalex.org/W2969459755

All OpenAlex metadata

Raw OpenAlex JSON

OpenAlex ID: https://openalex.org/W2969459755

Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.104.034502

Digital Object Identifier
Title: Sparsening algorithm for multihadron lattice QCD correlation functions

Work title
Type: article

OpenAlex work type
Language: en

Primary language
Publication year: 2021

Year of publication
Publication date: 2021-08-13

Full publication date if available
Authors: William Detmold, D. Murphy, Andrew Pochinsky, Martin J. Savage, Phiala E. Shanahan, Michael L. Wagman

List of authors in order
Landing page: https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.104.034502

Publisher landing page
PDF URL: https://link.aps.org/pdf/10.1103/PhysRevD.104.034502

Direct link to full text PDF
Open access: Yes

Whether a free full text is available
OA status: hybrid

Open access status per OpenAlex
OA URL: https://link.aps.org/pdf/10.1103/PhysRevD.104.034502

Direct OA link when available
Concepts: Propagator, Lattice QCD, Physics, Quantum chromodynamics, Lattice (music), Ground state, Estimator, Excited state, Particle physics, Quark, Lattice field theory, Mathematical physics, Quantum mechanics, Mathematics, Statistics, Acoustics

Top concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
Cited by: 26

Total citation count in OpenAlex
Citations by year (recent): 2025: 9, 2024: 6, 2023: 5, 2022: 6

Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
References (count): 71

Number of works referenced by this work
Related works (count): 10

Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex

Full payload

id	https://openalex.org/W2969459755
doi	https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.104.034502
ids.doi	https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.104.034502
ids.mag	2969459755
ids.openalex	https://openalex.org/W2969459755
fwci	0.98303128
type	article
title	Sparsening algorithm for multihadron lattice QCD correlation functions
awards[0].id	https://openalex.org/G1489425746
awards[0].funder_id	https://openalex.org/F4320332359
awards[0].display_name
awards[0].funder_award_id	DE-AC05-00OR22725
awards[0].funder_display_name	Office of Science
awards[1].id	https://openalex.org/G3858048230
awards[1].funder_id	https://openalex.org/F4320306076
awards[1].display_name
awards[1].funder_award_id	1841699
awards[1].funder_display_name	National Science Foundation
awards[2].id	https://openalex.org/G709881154
awards[2].funder_id	https://openalex.org/F4320337512
awards[2].display_name
awards[2].funder_award_id	DE-SC0018121
awards[2].funder_display_name	Nuclear Physics
awards[3].id	https://openalex.org/G2646365523
awards[3].funder_id	https://openalex.org/F4320337512
awards[3].display_name
awards[3].funder_award_id	DE-SC0011090
awards[3].funder_display_name	Nuclear Physics
awards[4].id	https://openalex.org/G8068840717
awards[4].funder_id	https://openalex.org/F4320306084
awards[4].display_name
awards[4].funder_award_id	DE-FG02-00ER41132
awards[4].funder_display_name	U.S. Department of Energy
biblio.issue	3
biblio.volume	104
biblio.last_page
biblio.first_page
topics[0].id	https://openalex.org/T10224
topics[0].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/31
topics[0].field.display_name	Physics and Astronomy
topics[0].score	0.9993000030517578
topics[0].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/3
topics[0].domain.display_name	Physical Sciences
topics[0].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/3106
topics[0].subfield.display_name	Nuclear and High Energy Physics
topics[0].display_name	Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions
topics[1].id	https://openalex.org/T10048
topics[1].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/31
topics[1].field.display_name	Physics and Astronomy
topics[1].score	0.9945999979972839
topics[1].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/3
topics[1].domain.display_name	Physical Sciences
topics[1].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/3106
topics[1].subfield.display_name	Nuclear and High Energy Physics
topics[1].display_name	Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
topics[2].id	https://openalex.org/T10527
topics[2].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/31
topics[2].field.display_name	Physics and Astronomy
topics[2].score	0.9934999942779541
topics[2].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/3
topics[2].domain.display_name	Physical Sciences
topics[2].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/3106
topics[2].subfield.display_name	Nuclear and High Energy Physics
topics[2].display_name	High-Energy Particle Collisions Research
funders[0].id	https://openalex.org/F4320306076
funders[0].ror	https://ror.org/021nxhr62
funders[0].display_name	National Science Foundation
funders[1].id	https://openalex.org/F4320306084
funders[1].ror	https://ror.org/01bj3aw27
funders[1].display_name	U.S. Department of Energy
funders[2].id	https://openalex.org/F4320332359
funders[2].ror	https://ror.org/00mmn6b08
funders[2].display_name	Office of Science
funders[3].id	https://openalex.org/F4320337512
funders[3].ror	https://ror.org/02atag894
funders[3].display_name	Nuclear Physics
funders[4].id	https://openalex.org/F4320338287
funders[4].ror	https://ror.org/01qz5mb56
funders[4].display_name	Oak Ridge National Laboratory
is_xpac	False
apc_list
apc_paid
concepts[0].id	https://openalex.org/C104416048
concepts[0].level	2
concepts[0].score	0.9035133719444275
concepts[0].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q302518
concepts[0].display_name	Propagator
concepts[1].id	https://openalex.org/C3909970
concepts[1].level	3
concepts[1].score	0.7542647123336792
concepts[1].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6166044
concepts[1].display_name	Lattice QCD
concepts[2].id	https://openalex.org/C121332964
concepts[2].level	0
concepts[2].score	0.7219603061676025
concepts[2].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413
concepts[2].display_name	Physics
concepts[3].id	https://openalex.org/C117137515
concepts[3].level	2
concepts[3].score	0.6839499473571777
concepts[3].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q238170
concepts[3].display_name	Quantum chromodynamics
concepts[4].id	https://openalex.org/C2781204021
concepts[4].level	2
concepts[4].score	0.6014554500579834
concepts[4].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6497091
concepts[4].display_name	Lattice (music)
concepts[5].id	https://openalex.org/C69523127
concepts[5].level	2
concepts[5].score	0.5342570543289185
concepts[5].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4480008
concepts[5].display_name	Ground state
concepts[6].id	https://openalex.org/C185429906
concepts[6].level	2
concepts[6].score	0.5140632390975952
concepts[6].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160
concepts[6].display_name	Estimator
concepts[7].id	https://openalex.org/C181500209
concepts[7].level	2
concepts[7].score	0.5114778280258179
concepts[7].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215328
concepts[7].display_name	Excited state
concepts[8].id	https://openalex.org/C109214941
concepts[8].level	1
concepts[8].score	0.48361435532569885
concepts[8].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18334
concepts[8].display_name	Particle physics
concepts[9].id	https://openalex.org/C7602139
concepts[9].level	2
concepts[9].score	0.45936980843544006
concepts[9].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6718
concepts[9].display_name	Quark
concepts[10].id	https://openalex.org/C42238305
concepts[10].level	3
concepts[10].score	0.45153340697288513
concepts[10].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5370778
concepts[10].display_name	Lattice field theory
concepts[11].id	https://openalex.org/C37914503
concepts[11].level	1
concepts[11].score	0.2956863343715668
concepts[11].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156495
concepts[11].display_name	Mathematical physics
concepts[12].id	https://openalex.org/C62520636
concepts[12].level	1
concepts[12].score	0.2180771827697754
concepts[12].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944
concepts[12].display_name	Quantum mechanics
concepts[13].id	https://openalex.org/C33923547
concepts[13].level	0
concepts[13].score	0.19212988018989563
concepts[13].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395
concepts[13].display_name	Mathematics
concepts[14].id	https://openalex.org/C105795698
concepts[14].level	1
concepts[14].score	0.06829628348350525
concepts[14].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483
concepts[14].display_name	Statistics
concepts[15].id	https://openalex.org/C24890656
concepts[15].level	1
concepts[15].score	0.0
concepts[15].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811
concepts[15].display_name	Acoustics
keywords[0].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/propagator
keywords[0].score	0.9035133719444275
keywords[0].display_name	Propagator
keywords[1].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/lattice-qcd
keywords[1].score	0.7542647123336792
keywords[1].display_name	Lattice QCD
keywords[2].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/physics
keywords[2].score	0.7219603061676025
keywords[2].display_name	Physics
keywords[3].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-chromodynamics
keywords[3].score	0.6839499473571777
keywords[3].display_name	Quantum chromodynamics
keywords[4].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/lattice
keywords[4].score	0.6014554500579834
keywords[4].display_name	Lattice (music)
keywords[5].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-state
keywords[5].score	0.5342570543289185
keywords[5].display_name	Ground state
keywords[6].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator
keywords[6].score	0.5140632390975952
keywords[6].display_name	Estimator
keywords[7].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/excited-state
keywords[7].score	0.5114778280258179
keywords[7].display_name	Excited state
keywords[8].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-physics
keywords[8].score	0.48361435532569885
keywords[8].display_name	Particle physics
keywords[9].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/quark
keywords[9].score	0.45936980843544006
keywords[9].display_name	Quark
keywords[10].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/lattice-field-theory
keywords[10].score	0.45153340697288513
keywords[10].display_name	Lattice field theory
keywords[11].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-physics
keywords[11].score	0.2956863343715668
keywords[11].display_name	Mathematical physics
keywords[12].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics
keywords[12].score	0.2180771827697754
keywords[12].display_name	Quantum mechanics
keywords[13].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics
keywords[13].score	0.19212988018989563
keywords[13].display_name	Mathematics
keywords[14].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics
keywords[14].score	0.06829628348350525
keywords[14].display_name	Statistics
language	en
locations[0].id	doi:10.1103/physrevd.104.034502
locations[0].is_oa	True
locations[0].source.id	https://openalex.org/S4210238307
locations[0].source.issn	2470-0010, 2470-0029, 2470-0037
locations[0].source.type	journal
locations[0].source.is_oa	False
locations[0].source.issn_l	2470-0010
locations[0].source.is_core	True
locations[0].source.is_in_doaj	False
locations[0].source.display_name	Physical review. D/Physical review. D.
locations[0].source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/P4310320261
locations[0].source.host_organization_name	American Physical Society
locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/P4310320261
locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage_names	American Physical Society
locations[0].license	cc-by
locations[0].pdf_url	http://link.aps.org/pdf/10.1103/PhysRevD.104.034502
locations[0].version	publishedVersion
locations[0].raw_type	journal-article
locations[0].license_id	https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by
locations[0].is_accepted	True
locations[0].is_published	True
locations[0].raw_source_name	Physical Review D
locations[0].landing_page_url	https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.104.034502
locations[1].id	pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1908.07050
locations[1].is_oa	True
locations[1].source.id	https://openalex.org/S4306400194
locations[1].source.issn
locations[1].source.type	repository
locations[1].source.is_oa	True
locations[1].source.issn_l
locations[1].source.is_core	False
locations[1].source.is_in_doaj	False
locations[1].source.display_name	arXiv (Cornell University)
locations[1].source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/I205783295
locations[1].source.host_organization_name	Cornell University
locations[1].source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/I205783295
locations[1].license
locations[1].pdf_url	https://arxiv.org/pdf/1908.07050
locations[1].version	submittedVersion
locations[1].raw_type	text
locations[1].license_id
locations[1].is_accepted	False
locations[1].is_published	False
locations[1].raw_source_name
locations[1].landing_page_url	http://arxiv.org/abs/1908.07050
locations[2].id	pmh:oai:osti.gov:1813090
locations[2].is_oa	True
locations[2].source.id	https://openalex.org/S4306402487
locations[2].source.issn
locations[2].source.type	repository
locations[2].source.is_oa	False
locations[2].source.issn_l
locations[2].source.is_core	False
locations[2].source.is_in_doaj	False
locations[2].source.display_name	OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)
locations[2].source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/I139351228
locations[2].source.host_organization_name	Office of Scientific and Technical Information
locations[2].source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/I139351228
locations[2].license
locations[2].pdf_url
locations[2].version	submittedVersion
locations[2].raw_type
locations[2].license_id
locations[2].is_accepted	False
locations[2].is_published	False
locations[2].raw_source_name
locations[2].landing_page_url	https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1813090
locations[3].id	pmh:oai:osti.gov:1849351
locations[3].is_oa	True
locations[3].source.id	https://openalex.org/S4306402487
locations[3].source.issn
locations[3].source.type	repository
locations[3].source.is_oa	False
locations[3].source.issn_l
locations[3].source.is_core	False
locations[3].source.is_in_doaj	False
locations[3].source.display_name	OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)
locations[3].source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/I139351228
locations[3].source.host_organization_name	Office of Scientific and Technical Information
locations[3].source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/I139351228
locations[3].license
locations[3].pdf_url
locations[3].version	submittedVersion
locations[3].raw_type
locations[3].license_id
locations[3].is_accepted	False
locations[3].is_published	False
locations[3].raw_source_name
locations[3].landing_page_url	https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1849351
indexed_in	arxiv, crossref
authorships[0].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5034256542
authorships[0].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0400-8363
authorships[0].author.display_name	William Detmold
authorships[0].countries	US
authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I63966007
authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Center for Theoretical Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts 02139, USA
authorships[0].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I63966007
authorships[0].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/042nb2s44
authorships[0].institutions[0].type	education
authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I63966007
authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code	US
authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name	Massachusetts Institute of Technology
authorships[0].author_position	first
authorships[0].raw_author_name	W. Detmold
authorships[0].is_corresponding	False
authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings	Center for Theoretical Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts 02139, USA
authorships[1].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5041944160
authorships[1].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8538-815X
authorships[1].author.display_name	D. Murphy
authorships[1].countries	US
authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I63966007
authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Center for Theoretical Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts 02139, USA
authorships[1].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I63966007
authorships[1].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/042nb2s44
authorships[1].institutions[0].type	education
authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I63966007
authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code	US
authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name	Massachusetts Institute of Technology
authorships[1].author_position	middle
authorships[1].raw_author_name	D. J. Murphy
authorships[1].is_corresponding	False
authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings	Center for Theoretical Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts 02139, USA
authorships[2].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5037337655
authorships[2].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1138-7581
authorships[2].author.display_name	Andrew Pochinsky
authorships[2].countries	US
authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I63966007
authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Center for Theoretical Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts 02139, USA
authorships[2].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I63966007
authorships[2].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/042nb2s44
authorships[2].institutions[0].type	education
authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I63966007
authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code	US
authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name	Massachusetts Institute of Technology
authorships[2].author_position	middle
authorships[2].raw_author_name	A. V. Pochinsky
authorships[2].is_corresponding	False
authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings	Center for Theoretical Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts 02139, USA
authorships[3].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5065762668
authorships[3].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6502-7106
authorships[3].author.display_name	Martin J. Savage
authorships[3].countries	US
authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I201448701
authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Institute for Nuclear Theory, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
authorships[3].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I201448701
authorships[3].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/00cvxb145
authorships[3].institutions[0].type	education
authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I201448701
authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code	US
authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name	University of Washington
authorships[3].author_position	middle
authorships[3].raw_author_name	M. J. Savage
authorships[3].is_corresponding	False
authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings	Institute for Nuclear Theory, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
authorships[4].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5080660291
authorships[4].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0916-7603
authorships[4].author.display_name	Phiala E. Shanahan
authorships[4].countries	US
authorships[4].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I63966007
authorships[4].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Center for Theoretical Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts 02139, USA
authorships[4].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I63966007
authorships[4].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/042nb2s44
authorships[4].institutions[0].type	education
authorships[4].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I63966007
authorships[4].institutions[0].country_code	US
authorships[4].institutions[0].display_name	Massachusetts Institute of Technology
authorships[4].author_position	middle
authorships[4].raw_author_name	P. E. Shanahan
authorships[4].is_corresponding	False
authorships[4].raw_affiliation_strings	Center for Theoretical Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts 02139, USA
authorships[5].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5042835383
authorships[5].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7670-1880
authorships[5].author.display_name	Michael L. Wagman
authorships[5].countries	US
authorships[5].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I63966007
authorships[5].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Center for Theoretical Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts 02139, USA
authorships[5].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I63966007
authorships[5].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/042nb2s44
authorships[5].institutions[0].type	education
authorships[5].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I63966007
authorships[5].institutions[0].country_code	US
authorships[5].institutions[0].display_name	Massachusetts Institute of Technology
authorships[5].author_position	last
authorships[5].raw_author_name	M. L. Wagman
authorships[5].is_corresponding	False
authorships[5].raw_affiliation_strings	Center for Theoretical Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts 02139, USA
has_content.pdf	True
has_content.grobid_xml	True
is_paratext	False
open_access.is_oa	True
open_access.oa_url	http://link.aps.org/pdf/10.1103/PhysRevD.104.034502
open_access.oa_status	hybrid
open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext	False
created_date	2025-10-10T00:00:00
display_name	Sparsening algorithm for multihadron lattice QCD correlation functions
has_fulltext	True
is_retracted	False
updated_date	2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776
primary_topic.id	https://openalex.org/T10224
primary_topic.field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/31
primary_topic.field.display_name	Physics and Astronomy
primary_topic.score	0.9993000030517578
primary_topic.domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/3
primary_topic.domain.display_name	Physical Sciences
primary_topic.subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/3106
primary_topic.subfield.display_name	Nuclear and High Energy Physics
primary_topic.display_name	Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions
related_works	https://openalex.org/W3151518175, https://openalex.org/W1603144538, https://openalex.org/W1599205596, https://openalex.org/W1617702743, https://openalex.org/W2953067234, https://openalex.org/W3109362172, https://openalex.org/W2153122142, https://openalex.org/W1541032752, https://openalex.org/W3212303847, https://openalex.org/W2014749024
cited_by_count	26
counts_by_year[0].year	2025
counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count	9
counts_by_year[1].year	2024
counts_by_year[1].cited_by_count	6
counts_by_year[2].year	2023
counts_by_year[2].cited_by_count	5
counts_by_year[3].year	2022
counts_by_year[3].cited_by_count	6
locations_count	4
best_oa_location.id	doi:10.1103/physrevd.104.034502
best_oa_location.is_oa	True
best_oa_location.source.id	https://openalex.org/S4210238307
best_oa_location.source.issn	2470-0010, 2470-0029, 2470-0037
best_oa_location.source.type	journal
best_oa_location.source.is_oa	False
best_oa_location.source.issn_l	2470-0010
best_oa_location.source.is_core	True
best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj	False
best_oa_location.source.display_name	Physical review. D/Physical review. D.
best_oa_location.source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/P4310320261
best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name	American Physical Society
best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/P4310320261
best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names	American Physical Society
best_oa_location.license	cc-by
best_oa_location.pdf_url	http://link.aps.org/pdf/10.1103/PhysRevD.104.034502
best_oa_location.version	publishedVersion
best_oa_location.raw_type	journal-article
best_oa_location.license_id	https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by
best_oa_location.is_accepted	True
best_oa_location.is_published	True
best_oa_location.raw_source_name	Physical Review D
best_oa_location.landing_page_url	https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.104.034502
primary_location.id	doi:10.1103/physrevd.104.034502
primary_location.is_oa	True
primary_location.source.id	https://openalex.org/S4210238307
primary_location.source.issn	2470-0010, 2470-0029, 2470-0037
primary_location.source.type	journal
primary_location.source.is_oa	False
primary_location.source.issn_l	2470-0010
primary_location.source.is_core	True
primary_location.source.is_in_doaj	False
primary_location.source.display_name	Physical review. D/Physical review. D.
primary_location.source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/P4310320261
primary_location.source.host_organization_name	American Physical Society
primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/P4310320261
primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names	American Physical Society
primary_location.license	cc-by
primary_location.pdf_url	http://link.aps.org/pdf/10.1103/PhysRevD.104.034502
primary_location.version	publishedVersion
primary_location.raw_type	journal-article
primary_location.license_id	https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by
primary_location.is_accepted	True
primary_location.is_published	True
primary_location.raw_source_name	Physical Review D
primary_location.landing_page_url	https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.104.034502
publication_date	2021-08-13
publication_year	2021
referenced_works	https://openalex.org/W2985327289, https://openalex.org/W4233371365, https://openalex.org/W2067683828, https://openalex.org/W1990002337, https://openalex.org/W2111644865, https://openalex.org/W2037511655, https://openalex.org/W2058893442, https://openalex.org/W1986683864, https://openalex.org/W2131921781, https://openalex.org/W2023608318, https://openalex.org/W2127036229, https://openalex.org/W1914007429, https://openalex.org/W2166088263, https://openalex.org/W2766585663, https://openalex.org/W1505635174, https://openalex.org/W2797753249, https://openalex.org/W1964647084, https://openalex.org/W2800992364, https://openalex.org/W2076240340, https://openalex.org/W2802908884, https://openalex.org/W2894941738, https://openalex.org/W2006012167, https://openalex.org/W2153569440, https://openalex.org/W2533595364, https://openalex.org/W2587400267, https://openalex.org/W2613060476, https://openalex.org/W2630872585, https://openalex.org/W2752661279, https://openalex.org/W2013350590, https://openalex.org/W2017049081, https://openalex.org/W2090817892, https://openalex.org/W1722671447, https://openalex.org/W2766697692, https://openalex.org/W2059448777, https://openalex.org/W2057309399, https://openalex.org/W2196535466, https://openalex.org/W2418636584, https://openalex.org/W2766033112, https://openalex.org/W2784387002, https://openalex.org/W2765296710, https://openalex.org/W2063654975, https://openalex.org/W2103835236, https://openalex.org/W2105782464, https://openalex.org/W1967134307, https://openalex.org/W2776802930, https://openalex.org/W1730313211, https://openalex.org/W2742118196, https://openalex.org/W2000315635, https://openalex.org/W4241958526, https://openalex.org/W1997251037, https://openalex.org/W1993842274, https://openalex.org/W2090058354, https://openalex.org/W2962959682, https://openalex.org/W3171090011, https://openalex.org/W3106168197, https://openalex.org/W2963974776, https://openalex.org/W2899194073, https://openalex.org/W2001384216, https://openalex.org/W2953615348, https://openalex.org/W3143527346, https://openalex.org/W3149724134, https://openalex.org/W2951488663, https://openalex.org/W2555146563, https://openalex.org/W3021748170, https://openalex.org/W2963312682, https://openalex.org/W3100964163, https://openalex.org/W2529019706, https://openalex.org/W3142278243, https://openalex.org/W2950493628, https://openalex.org/W3144634432, https://openalex.org/W3121823746
referenced_works_count	71
abstract_inverted_index.a	49, 78, 107
abstract_inverted_index.In	148
abstract_inverted_index.It	117
abstract_inverted_index.an	176
abstract_inverted_index.as	61, 129, 131
abstract_inverted_index.be	171
abstract_inverted_index.if	173
abstract_inverted_index.in	2, 26, 160
abstract_inverted_index.is	97, 118, 158, 165
abstract_inverted_index.it	164
abstract_inverted_index.of	152
abstract_inverted_index.on	77, 91
abstract_inverted_index.to	15, 29, 35, 99, 155, 179
abstract_inverted_index.800	115
abstract_inverted_index.QCD	6, 103
abstract_inverted_index.The	68
abstract_inverted_index.and	20, 126, 145
abstract_inverted_index.are	86, 135
abstract_inverted_index.can	170
abstract_inverted_index.for	4, 53
abstract_inverted_index.has	41
abstract_inverted_index.the	12, 43, 83, 92, 101, 121, 180
abstract_inverted_index.≈	114
abstract_inverted_index.MeV.	116
abstract_inverted_index.This	46, 95
abstract_inverted_index.down	11
abstract_inverted_index.from	39, 73, 88, 139, 143
abstract_inverted_index.full	93, 146
abstract_inverted_index.have	8
abstract_inverted_index.such	24, 60
abstract_inverted_index.that	120, 167
abstract_inverted_index.used	98
abstract_inverted_index.well	130
abstract_inverted_index.when	137
abstract_inverted_index.with	64, 112, 175
abstract_inverted_index.work	47
abstract_inverted_index.cases	27
abstract_inverted_index.cost.	45, 67
abstract_inverted_index.field	18
abstract_inverted_index.found	119
abstract_inverted_index.gauge	17
abstract_inverted_index.light	62
abstract_inverted_index.quark	22, 33
abstract_inverted_index.state	124
abstract_inverted_index.study	100
abstract_inverted_index.that,	25
abstract_inverted_index.their	132
abstract_inverted_index.these	168
abstract_inverted_index.using	106
abstract_inverted_index.where	82
abstract_inverted_index.while	150
abstract_inverted_index.Modern	0
abstract_inverted_index.become	42
abstract_inverted_index.driven	10
abstract_inverted_index.ground	123
abstract_inverted_index.masses	125
abstract_inverted_index.single	108
abstract_inverted_index.states	157
abstract_inverted_index.binding	127
abstract_inverted_index.defined	76
abstract_inverted_index.effects	169
abstract_inverted_index.excited	156
abstract_inverted_index.forming	54
abstract_inverted_index.lattice	5, 80, 110
abstract_inverted_index.nuclear	30
abstract_inverted_index.nuclei,	63
abstract_inverted_index.reduced	65
abstract_inverted_index.advances	1
abstract_inverted_index.assemble	36
abstract_inverted_index.computed	90
abstract_inverted_index.desired,	174
abstract_inverted_index.dominant	44
abstract_inverted_index.ensemble	111
abstract_inverted_index.evidence	151
abstract_inverted_index.explores	48
abstract_inverted_index.generate	16
abstract_inverted_index.lattice.	94
abstract_inverted_index.modified	153
abstract_inverted_index.observed	159
abstract_inverted_index.obtained	87
abstract_inverted_index.physics,	31
abstract_inverted_index.relevant	28
abstract_inverted_index.removed,	172
abstract_inverted_index.required	14
abstract_inverted_index.spectrum	105
abstract_inverted_index.steadily	9
abstract_inverted_index.systems,	59
abstract_inverted_index.addition,	149
abstract_inverted_index.algorithm	52, 69, 96
abstract_inverted_index.calculate	21
abstract_inverted_index.coarsened	79
abstract_inverted_index.couplings	154
abstract_inverted_index.energies,	128
abstract_inverted_index.ensembles	19
abstract_inverted_index.extracted	122
abstract_inverted_index.functions	38, 56, 72, 141
abstract_inverted_index.geometry,	81
abstract_inverted_index.resources	13
abstract_inverted_index.sparsened	74, 84, 144, 161, 181
abstract_inverted_index.algorithms	3
abstract_inverted_index.consistent	136
abstract_inverted_index.constructs	70
abstract_inverted_index.describing	57
abstract_inverted_index.determined	138
abstract_inverted_index.estimator.	182
abstract_inverted_index.functions,	163
abstract_inverted_index.low-energy	102
abstract_inverted_index.performing	32
abstract_inverted_index.propagator	50
abstract_inverted_index.sparsening	51
abstract_inverted_index.constructed	142
abstract_inverted_index.correlation	37, 55, 71, 140, 162
abstract_inverted_index.inexpensive	177
abstract_inverted_index.multihadron	58
abstract_inverted_index.propagators	40, 75, 85, 89
abstract_inverted_index.statistical	133
abstract_inverted_index.calculations	7
abstract_inverted_index.contractions	34
abstract_inverted_index.demonstrated	166
abstract_inverted_index.ground-state	104
abstract_inverted_index.modification	178
abstract_inverted_index.propagators,	23
abstract_inverted_index.propagators.	147
abstract_inverted_index.Wilson-clover	109
abstract_inverted_index.computational	66
abstract_inverted_index.uncertainties,	134
abstract_inverted_index.m<sub>π</sub>	113
cited_by_percentile_year.max	99
cited_by_percentile_year.min	97
countries_distinct_count	1
institutions_distinct_count	6
citation_normalized_percentile.value	0.96642032
citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent	False
citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent	False