Spectroscopy and Coherent Control of Two-Level System Defect Ensembles Using a Broadband 3D Waveguide Article Swipe
Qianxu Wang
,
Juan Sebastian Salcedo-Gallo
,
Salil K Bedkihal
,
Tian Xia
,
Maciej Olszewski
,
Valla Fatemi
,
Mattias Fitzpatrick
·
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/2633-4356/ae2b43
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/2633-4356/ae2b43
Defects in solid-state materials play a central role in determining coherence, stability, and performance in quantum technologies. Although narrowband techniques can probe specific resonances with high precision, a broadband spectroscopic approach captures the full spectrum of defect properties and dynamics. Two-level system (TLS) defects in amorphous dielectrics are a particularly important example because they are major sources of decoherence and energy loss in superconducting quantum devices. However, accessing and characterizing their collective dynamics remains far more challenging than probing individual TLS defects. Building on our previously developed Broadband Cryogenic Transient Dielectric Spectroscopy (BCTDS) technique, we study the coherent control and time-resolved dynamics of TLS defect ensembles over a wide frequency range of 3-5 GHz without requiring full device fabrication. Unlike conventional approaches limited to narrow spectral windows and fully fabricated devices, BCTDS enables modular, device-independent measurements that reveal quantum interference effects, memory-dependent dynamics, and dressed-state evolution within the TLS defect bath. The spectral response reveals distinct V-shaped structures corresponding to the bare eigenmode frequencies. Using these features, we extract a TLS defect spectral density of $84$ GHz$^{-1}$ for a silicon sample, across a 4.1–4.6 GHz span. Furthermore, we systematically investigate amplitude- and phase-controlled interference fringes for multiple temperatures and inter-pulse delays, providing direct evidence of coherent dynamics and control. A driven minimal spin model with dipole–dipole interactions that qualitatively capture the observed behavior is presented. Our results establish BCTDS as a versatile platform for broadband defect spectroscopy, offering new capabilities for diagnosing and mitigating sources of decoherence, engineering many-body dynamics, and exploring non-equilibrium phenomena in disordered quantum systems.
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https://doi.org/10.1088/2633-4356/ae2b43Digital Object Identifier
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Spectroscopy and Coherent Control of Two-Level System Defect Ensembles Using a Broadband 3D WaveguideWork title
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articleOpenAlex work type
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2025Year of publication
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2025-12-10Full publication date if available
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Qianxu Wang, Juan Sebastian Salcedo-Gallo, Salil K Bedkihal, Tian Xia, Maciej Olszewski, Valla Fatemi, Mattias FitzpatrickList of authors in order
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https://doi.org/10.1088/2633-4356/ae2b43Publisher landing page
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YesWhether a free full text is available
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goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
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https://doi.org/10.1088/2633-4356/ae2b43Direct OA link when available
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0Total citation count in OpenAlex
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| abstract_inverted_index.resonances | 24 |
| abstract_inverted_index.stability, | 12 |
| abstract_inverted_index.structures | 158 |
| abstract_inverted_index.technique, | 94 |
| abstract_inverted_index.techniques | 20 |
| abstract_inverted_index.challenging | 77 |
| abstract_inverted_index.decoherence | 59 |
| abstract_inverted_index.determining | 10 |
| abstract_inverted_index.dielectrics | 47 |
| abstract_inverted_index.engineering | 248 |
| abstract_inverted_index.inter-pulse | 200 |
| abstract_inverted_index.investigate | 190 |
| abstract_inverted_index.performance | 14 |
| abstract_inverted_index.solid-state | 3 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Furthermore, | 187 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Spectroscopy | 92 |
| abstract_inverted_index.capabilities | 240 |
| abstract_inverted_index.conventional | 121 |
| abstract_inverted_index.decoherence, | 247 |
| abstract_inverted_index.fabrication. | 119 |
| abstract_inverted_index.frequencies. | 164 |
| abstract_inverted_index.interactions | 217 |
| abstract_inverted_index.interference | 140, 194 |
| abstract_inverted_index.measurements | 136 |
| abstract_inverted_index.particularly | 50 |
| abstract_inverted_index.temperatures | 198 |
| abstract_inverted_index.corresponding | 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.dressed-state | 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.qualitatively | 219 |
| abstract_inverted_index.spectroscopic | 30 |
| abstract_inverted_index.spectroscopy, | 237 |
| abstract_inverted_index.technologies. | 17 |
| abstract_inverted_index.time-resolved | 101 |
| abstract_inverted_index.characterizing | 70 |
| abstract_inverted_index.systematically | 189 |
| abstract_inverted_index.dipole–dipole | 216 |
| abstract_inverted_index.non-equilibrium | 253 |
| abstract_inverted_index.superconducting | 64 |
| abstract_inverted_index.memory-dependent | 142 |
| abstract_inverted_index.phase-controlled | 193 |
| abstract_inverted_index.device-independent | 135 |
| cited_by_percentile_year | |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5015418755, https://openalex.org/A5120744611, https://openalex.org/A5102567961, https://openalex.org/A5119217249, https://openalex.org/A5068743203, https://openalex.org/A5006634245, https://openalex.org/A5071210001 |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 7 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I107672454, https://openalex.org/I205783295 |
| citation_normalized_percentile |