Status of Inappropriate Complementary Feeding and Its Associated Factors Among Infants of 9–23 Months Article Swipe
Iqra Ashraf
,
Prince L. Bestman
,
Abdullah Assiri
,
Ghulam Mustafa Kamal
,
Jalal Uddin
,
Jiayou Luo
,
Khalid Orayj
,
Azfar Athar Ishaqui
·
YOU?
·
· 2024
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16244379
YOU?
·
· 2024
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16244379
Background: Inappropriate complementary feeding during the first two years of life significantly impacts children’s health, increasing risks of malnutrition and illness. Methods: This study investigates factors influencing early feeding patterns among 600 mothers of children aged 9–23 months in selected hospitals in Punjab, Pakistan. Using a structured questionnaire, data were collected and analyzed, with associations measured by odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: The results showed the key indicators of inappropriate complementary feeding among young children, including timely complementary feeding, minimum meal frequency, dietary diversity, and acceptable diet. The rates for these factors were found to be 60.3%, 32.7%, 24.6%, and 48.5%, respectively. The study identified several significant factors influencing these practices. Key predictors of inappropriate feeding included the order of birth, the mother’s employment status, parental education, the number of children, household income, maternal knowledge, and maternal health. Conclusion: The findings underscore that maternal education, employment, and health significantly influence complementary feeding. Targeted interventions and education programs are essential to support healthy feeding behaviors, especially for mothers facing challenges related to education, work, or health conditions. Addressing these practices can improve child health outcomes, contributing to economic growth and a healthier future for Pakistan’s youngest population.
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Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16244379
- https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/24/4379/pdf?version=1734611211
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 2
- References
- 52
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4405573161
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
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https://openalex.org/W4405573161Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16244379Digital Object Identifier
- Title
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Status of Inappropriate Complementary Feeding and Its Associated Factors Among Infants of 9–23 MonthsWork title
- Type
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articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
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enPrimary language
- Publication year
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2024Year of publication
- Publication date
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2024-12-19Full publication date if available
- Authors
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Iqra Ashraf, Prince L. Bestman, Abdullah Assiri, Ghulam Mustafa Kamal, Jalal Uddin, Jiayou Luo, Khalid Orayj, Azfar Athar IshaquiList of authors in order
- Landing page
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https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16244379Publisher landing page
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https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/24/4379/pdf?version=1734611211Direct link to full text PDF
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YesWhether a free full text is available
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goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
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https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/24/4379/pdf?version=1734611211Direct OA link when available
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Malnutrition, Medicine, Psychological intervention, Environmental health, Odds ratio, Meal, Population, Confidence interval, Demography, Socioeconomic status, Health education, Pediatrics, Public health, Nursing, Internal medicine, Pathology, SociologyTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
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2Total citation count in OpenAlex
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2025: 2Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
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52Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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