Symmetry-breaking induced surface magnetization in non-magnetic RuO$_2$ Article Swipe

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Dai Q. Ho , D. Quang To , Ruiqi Hu , Garnett W. Bryant , Anderson Janotti ·

YOU? · · 2025 · Open Access · · DOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2502.03751

Altermagnetism is a newly identified phase of magnetism distinct from ferromagnetism and antiferromagnetism. RuO$_2$ has been considered a prototypical metallic altermagnet with a critical temperature higher than room temperature. Previous interpretations of the unusual magnetic properties of RuO$_2$ relied on the theoretical prediction that local moments on two Ru sublattices, which are connected by four-fold rotational symmetry, are quite significant (approximately 1 $μ_B$), leading to long-range antiferromagnetic order. However, accumulated experimental data suggest that local moments on Ru in RuO$_2$ are vanishingly small, indicating that the bulk material is likely non-magnetic. This observation is consistent with the delocalized nature of the 4$d$ electrons of Ru and the strong screening effect in the metallic state. In this work, we show that despite the non-magnetic bulk, the RuO$_2$(110) surface exhibits spontaneous magnetization. We attribute this effect to the breaking of local symmetry, which results in electronic redistribution and magnetic moment enhancement. The emergence of surface magnetism gives rise to interesting spectroscopic phenomena, including spin-polarized surface states, spin-polarized scanning probe microscopy images, and potentially spin-dependent transport effects. These findings highlight the important role of surface magnetic structures in the otherwise non-magnetic bulk RuO$_2$.

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Condensed Matter Physics

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Condensed matter physics Magnetization Symmetry breaking Symmetry (geometry) Physics Surface (topology) Materials science Magnetic field Quantum mechanics Mathematics Geometry

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Type: preprint
Language: en
Landing Page: http://arxiv.org/abs/2502.03751
PDF: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2502.03751
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Cited By: 1
Related Works: 10
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2502.03751

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Title: Symmetry-breaking induced surface magnetization in non-magnetic RuO$_2$

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Type: preprint

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Language: en

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Publication year: 2025

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Publication date: 2025-02-06

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Authors: Dai Q. Ho, D. Quang To, Ruiqi Hu, Garnett W. Bryant, Anderson Janotti

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Landing page: https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.03751

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PDF URL: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2502.03751

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Concepts: Condensed matter physics, Magnetization, Symmetry breaking, Symmetry (geometry), Physics, Surface (topology), Materials science, Magnetic field, Quantum mechanics, Mathematics, Geometry

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Cited by: 1

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