Synthetic inertia estimation in the presence of measurement noise and delays: An application to wind turbine generators Article Swipe
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2025.110511
Synthetic inertia generation is essential in power grids with high penetration of renewable energy sources (RES). The inverters interfacing the RES with the grid are equipped with dedicated controllers that set a power reference proportional to the rate of change of the electrical frequency (RoCoF) of the grid. In the grid following configuration, the RoCoF must be evaluated in real-time, but measurement noise and delays make the real provided inertia deviate from the imposed one. This work aims to quantify the effects of measurement noise and delays on the synthetic inertia provided by a grid-following inverter equipped with a virtual hidden inertia emulator, connected to a wind farm. Both simulations and experimental tests exploiting a hardware prototype and a real-time simulator are carried out in different scenarios.
Related Topics
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2025.110511
- OA Status
- gold
- References
- 21
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4407424460
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W4407424460Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2025.110511Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Synthetic inertia estimation in the presence of measurement noise and delays: An application to wind turbine generatorsWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2025Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2025-02-13Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Valentina Baruzzi, Alessandro Rosini, Matteo Lodi, Andrea Bonfiglio, Alberto OliveriList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2025.110511Publisher landing page
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2025.110511Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Turbine, Inertia, Noise (video), Wind power, Estimation, Computer science, Engineering, Control theory (sociology), Control engineering, Marine engineering, Electrical engineering, Aerospace engineering, Physics, Artificial intelligence, Systems engineering, Control (management), Image (mathematics), Classical mechanicsTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
0Total citation count in OpenAlex
- References (count)
-
21Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W4407424460 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2025.110511 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2025.110511 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W4407424460 |
| fwci | 0.0 |
| type | article |
| title | Synthetic inertia estimation in the presence of measurement noise and delays: An application to wind turbine generators |
| biblio.issue | |
| biblio.volume | 166 |
| biblio.last_page | 110511 |
| biblio.first_page | 110511 |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T10740 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/22 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Engineering |
| topics[0].score | 0.9973999857902527 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2208 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Electrical and Electronic Engineering |
| topics[0].display_name | Wind Turbine Control Systems |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T11052 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/22 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Engineering |
| topics[1].score | 0.9969000220298767 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2208 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Electrical and Electronic Engineering |
| topics[1].display_name | Energy Load and Power Forecasting |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T11236 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/22 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Engineering |
| topics[2].score | 0.9929999709129333 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2207 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Control and Systems Engineering |
| topics[2].display_name | Control Systems and Identification |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list.value | 2800 |
| apc_list.currency | USD |
| apc_list.value_usd | 2800 |
| apc_paid.value | 2800 |
| apc_paid.currency | USD |
| apc_paid.value_usd | 2800 |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C2778449969 |
| concepts[0].level | 2 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.7242080569267273 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130760 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Turbine |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C110407247 |
| concepts[1].level | 2 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.6797301769256592 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q122508 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Inertia |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C99498987 |
| concepts[2].level | 3 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.5894212126731873 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Noise (video) |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C78600449 |
| concepts[3].level | 2 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.5596827864646912 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43302 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Wind power |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C96250715 |
| concepts[4].level | 2 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.48042821884155273 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Estimation |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C41008148 |
| concepts[5].level | 0 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.4103284180164337 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Computer science |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C127413603 |
| concepts[6].level | 0 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.3917703926563263 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Engineering |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C47446073 |
| concepts[7].level | 3 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.3652935028076172 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Control theory (sociology) |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C133731056 |
| concepts[8].level | 1 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.3222047686576843 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Control engineering |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C199104240 |
| concepts[9].level | 1 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.32200920581817627 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118291 |
| concepts[9].display_name | Marine engineering |
| concepts[10].id | https://openalex.org/C119599485 |
| concepts[10].level | 1 |
| concepts[10].score | 0.28975722193717957 |
| concepts[10].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035 |
| concepts[10].display_name | Electrical engineering |
| concepts[11].id | https://openalex.org/C146978453 |
| concepts[11].level | 1 |
| concepts[11].score | 0.16300687193870544 |
| concepts[11].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668 |
| concepts[11].display_name | Aerospace engineering |
| concepts[12].id | https://openalex.org/C121332964 |
| concepts[12].level | 0 |
| concepts[12].score | 0.12903746962547302 |
| concepts[12].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413 |
| concepts[12].display_name | Physics |
| concepts[13].id | https://openalex.org/C154945302 |
| concepts[13].level | 1 |
| concepts[13].score | 0.09196561574935913 |
| concepts[13].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660 |
| concepts[13].display_name | Artificial intelligence |
| concepts[14].id | https://openalex.org/C201995342 |
| concepts[14].level | 1 |
| concepts[14].score | 0.08077466487884521 |
| concepts[14].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496 |
| concepts[14].display_name | Systems engineering |
| concepts[15].id | https://openalex.org/C2775924081 |
| concepts[15].level | 2 |
| concepts[15].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[15].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371 |
| concepts[15].display_name | Control (management) |
| concepts[16].id | https://openalex.org/C115961682 |
| concepts[16].level | 2 |
| concepts[16].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[16].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623 |
| concepts[16].display_name | Image (mathematics) |
| concepts[17].id | https://openalex.org/C74650414 |
| concepts[17].level | 1 |
| concepts[17].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[17].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397 |
| concepts[17].display_name | Classical mechanics |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/turbine |
| keywords[0].score | 0.7242080569267273 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Turbine |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/inertia |
| keywords[1].score | 0.6797301769256592 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Inertia |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/noise |
| keywords[2].score | 0.5894212126731873 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Noise (video) |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/wind-power |
| keywords[3].score | 0.5596827864646912 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Wind power |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation |
| keywords[4].score | 0.48042821884155273 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Estimation |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science |
| keywords[5].score | 0.4103284180164337 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Computer science |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering |
| keywords[6].score | 0.3917703926563263 |
| keywords[6].display_name | Engineering |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory |
| keywords[7].score | 0.3652935028076172 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Control theory (sociology) |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering |
| keywords[8].score | 0.3222047686576843 |
| keywords[8].display_name | Control engineering |
| keywords[9].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/marine-engineering |
| keywords[9].score | 0.32200920581817627 |
| keywords[9].display_name | Marine engineering |
| keywords[10].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering |
| keywords[10].score | 0.28975722193717957 |
| keywords[10].display_name | Electrical engineering |
| keywords[11].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering |
| keywords[11].score | 0.16300687193870544 |
| keywords[11].display_name | Aerospace engineering |
| keywords[12].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/physics |
| keywords[12].score | 0.12903746962547302 |
| keywords[12].display_name | Physics |
| keywords[13].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence |
| keywords[13].score | 0.09196561574935913 |
| keywords[13].display_name | Artificial intelligence |
| keywords[14].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering |
| keywords[14].score | 0.08077466487884521 |
| keywords[14].display_name | Systems engineering |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.1016/j.ijepes.2025.110511 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S168377509 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 0142-0615, 1879-3517 |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 0142-0615 |
| locations[0].source.is_core | True |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | True |
| locations[0].source.display_name | International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310320990 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | Elsevier BV |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310320990 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage_names | Elsevier BV |
| locations[0].license | cc-by |
| locations[0].pdf_url | |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2025.110511 |
| locations[1].id | pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:14d61bad6a2c46f2a30e308f9fc08922 |
| locations[1].is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306401280 |
| locations[1].source.issn | |
| locations[1].source.type | repository |
| locations[1].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.issn_l | |
| locations[1].source.is_core | False |
| locations[1].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[1].source.display_name | DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) |
| locations[1].source.host_organization | |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_name | |
| locations[1].license | |
| locations[1].pdf_url | |
| locations[1].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[1].raw_type | article |
| locations[1].license_id | |
| locations[1].is_accepted | False |
| locations[1].is_published | False |
| locations[1].raw_source_name | International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, Vol 166, Iss , Pp 110511- (2025) |
| locations[1].landing_page_url | https://doaj.org/article/14d61bad6a2c46f2a30e308f9fc08922 |
| indexed_in | crossref, doaj |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5079294541 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1596-821X |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Valentina Baruzzi |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Valentina Baruzzi |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5009333220 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3187-7078 |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Alessandro Rosini |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Alessandro Rosini |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5074429128 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0753-7017 |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Matteo Lodi |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Matteo Lodi |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5000433031 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3142-8598 |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | Andrea Bonfiglio |
| authorships[3].author_position | middle |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | Andrea Bonfiglio |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[4].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5084304391 |
| authorships[4].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2000-6851 |
| authorships[4].author.display_name | Alberto Oliveri |
| authorships[4].author_position | last |
| authorships[4].raw_author_name | Alberto Oliveri |
| authorships[4].is_corresponding | False |
| has_content.pdf | False |
| has_content.grobid_xml | False |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2025.110511 |
| open_access.oa_status | gold |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | Synthetic inertia estimation in the presence of measurement noise and delays: An application to wind turbine generators |
| has_fulltext | False |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T10740 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/22 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Engineering |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9973999857902527 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2208 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Electrical and Electronic Engineering |
| primary_topic.display_name | Wind Turbine Control Systems |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W3214712242, https://openalex.org/W2542556245, https://openalex.org/W3204461065, https://openalex.org/W2387456441, https://openalex.org/W1965417009, https://openalex.org/W2018320994, https://openalex.org/W2386317024, https://openalex.org/W2347282218, https://openalex.org/W2994934711, https://openalex.org/W2460685830 |
| cited_by_count | 0 |
| locations_count | 2 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.1016/j.ijepes.2025.110511 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S168377509 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | 0142-0615, 1879-3517 |
| best_oa_location.source.type | journal |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | 0142-0615 |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | True |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310320990 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | Elsevier BV |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310320990 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Elsevier BV |
| best_oa_location.license | cc-by |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2025.110511 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.1016/j.ijepes.2025.110511 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S168377509 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 0142-0615, 1879-3517 |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 0142-0615 |
| primary_location.source.is_core | True |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| primary_location.source.display_name | International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310320990 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | Elsevier BV |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310320990 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Elsevier BV |
| primary_location.license | cc-by |
| primary_location.pdf_url | |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2025.110511 |
| publication_date | 2025-02-13 |
| publication_year | 2025 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W2746456090, https://openalex.org/W4226038097, https://openalex.org/W3161557739, https://openalex.org/W4317790133, https://openalex.org/W4285252154, https://openalex.org/W6737102841, https://openalex.org/W2946778817, https://openalex.org/W3194892588, https://openalex.org/W2564879409, https://openalex.org/W2941063641, https://openalex.org/W6873066452, https://openalex.org/W6858461719, https://openalex.org/W6648967103, https://openalex.org/W6854266121, https://openalex.org/W2906574388, https://openalex.org/W4283817826, https://openalex.org/W6794969006, https://openalex.org/W4402435784, https://openalex.org/W1517311615, https://openalex.org/W4389044501, https://openalex.org/W4384304563 |
| referenced_works_count | 21 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 31, 93, 98, 105, 114, 118 |
| abstract_inverted_index.In | 48 |
| abstract_inverted_index.be | 56 |
| abstract_inverted_index.by | 92 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 5, 58, 124 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 3 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 11, 38, 40, 45, 82 |
| abstract_inverted_index.on | 87 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 35, 78, 104 |
| abstract_inverted_index.RES | 20 |
| abstract_inverted_index.The | 16 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 63, 85, 110, 117 |
| abstract_inverted_index.are | 24, 121 |
| abstract_inverted_index.but | 60 |
| abstract_inverted_index.out | 123 |
| abstract_inverted_index.set | 30 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 19, 22, 36, 41, 46, 49, 53, 66, 72, 80, 88 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Both | 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.This | 75 |
| abstract_inverted_index.aims | 77 |
| abstract_inverted_index.from | 71 |
| abstract_inverted_index.grid | 23, 50 |
| abstract_inverted_index.high | 9 |
| abstract_inverted_index.make | 65 |
| abstract_inverted_index.must | 55 |
| abstract_inverted_index.one. | 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.rate | 37 |
| abstract_inverted_index.real | 67 |
| abstract_inverted_index.that | 29 |
| abstract_inverted_index.wind | 106 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 8, 21, 26, 97 |
| abstract_inverted_index.work | 76 |
| abstract_inverted_index.RoCoF | 54 |
| abstract_inverted_index.farm. | 107 |
| abstract_inverted_index.grid. | 47 |
| abstract_inverted_index.grids | 7 |
| abstract_inverted_index.noise | 62, 84 |
| abstract_inverted_index.power | 6, 32 |
| abstract_inverted_index.tests | 112 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(RES). | 15 |
| abstract_inverted_index.change | 39 |
| abstract_inverted_index.delays | 64, 86 |
| abstract_inverted_index.energy | 13 |
| abstract_inverted_index.hidden | 100 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(RoCoF) | 44 |
| abstract_inverted_index.carried | 122 |
| abstract_inverted_index.deviate | 70 |
| abstract_inverted_index.effects | 81 |
| abstract_inverted_index.imposed | 73 |
| abstract_inverted_index.inertia | 1, 69, 90, 101 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sources | 14 |
| abstract_inverted_index.virtual | 99 |
| abstract_inverted_index.equipped | 25, 96 |
| abstract_inverted_index.hardware | 115 |
| abstract_inverted_index.inverter | 95 |
| abstract_inverted_index.provided | 68, 91 |
| abstract_inverted_index.quantify | 79 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Synthetic | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.connected | 103 |
| abstract_inverted_index.dedicated | 27 |
| abstract_inverted_index.different | 125 |
| abstract_inverted_index.emulator, | 102 |
| abstract_inverted_index.essential | 4 |
| abstract_inverted_index.evaluated | 57 |
| abstract_inverted_index.following | 51 |
| abstract_inverted_index.frequency | 43 |
| abstract_inverted_index.inverters | 17 |
| abstract_inverted_index.prototype | 116 |
| abstract_inverted_index.real-time | 119 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reference | 33 |
| abstract_inverted_index.renewable | 12 |
| abstract_inverted_index.simulator | 120 |
| abstract_inverted_index.synthetic | 89 |
| abstract_inverted_index.electrical | 42 |
| abstract_inverted_index.exploiting | 113 |
| abstract_inverted_index.generation | 2 |
| abstract_inverted_index.real-time, | 59 |
| abstract_inverted_index.scenarios. | 126 |
| abstract_inverted_index.controllers | 28 |
| abstract_inverted_index.interfacing | 18 |
| abstract_inverted_index.measurement | 61, 83 |
| abstract_inverted_index.penetration | 10 |
| abstract_inverted_index.simulations | 109 |
| abstract_inverted_index.experimental | 111 |
| abstract_inverted_index.proportional | 34 |
| abstract_inverted_index.configuration, | 52 |
| abstract_inverted_index.grid-following | 94 |
| cited_by_percentile_year | |
| countries_distinct_count | 0 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 5 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.8799999952316284 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Affordable and clean energy |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.03963302 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | False |