Systematic replication of smoking disease associations using survey responses and EHR data in the All of Us Research Program Article Swipe
David J. Schlueter
,
Lina Sulieman
,
Huan Mo
,
Jacob M. Keaton
,
Tracey M. Ferrara
,
Ariel Williams
,
Jun Qian
,
Onajia Stubblefield
,
Chenjie Zeng
,
Tam C. Tran
,
Lisa Bastarache
,
Jian Dai
,
Anav Babbar
,
Andrea H. Ramirez
,
Slavina B. Goleva
,
Joshua C. Denny
·
YOU?
·
· 2023
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocad205
YOU?
·
· 2023
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocad205
Objective The All of Us Research Program (All of Us) aims to recruit over a million participants to further precision medicine. Essential to the verification of biobanks is a replication of known associations to establish validity. Here, we evaluated how well All of Us data replicated known cigarette smoking associations. Materials and Methods We defined smoking exposure as follows: (1) an EHR Smoking exposure that used International Classification of Disease codes; (2) participant provided information (PPI) Ever Smoking; and, (3) PPI Current Smoking, both from the lifestyle survey. We performed a phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) for each smoking exposure measurement type. For each, we compared the effect sizes derived from the PheWAS to published meta-analyses that studied cigarette smoking from PubMed. We defined two levels of replication of meta-analyses: (1) nominally replicated: which required agreement of direction of effect size, and (2) fully replicated: which required overlap of confidence intervals. Results PheWASes with EHR Smoking, PPI Ever Smoking, and PPI Current Smoking revealed 736, 492, and 639 phenome-wide significant associations, respectively. We identified 165 meta-analyses representing 99 distinct phenotypes that could be matched to EHR phenotypes. At P < .05, 74 were nominally replicated and 55 were fully replicated. At P < 2.68 × 10−5 (Bonferroni threshold), 58 were nominally replicated and 40 were fully replicated. Discussion Most phenotypes found in published meta-analyses associated with smoking were nominally replicated in All of Us. Both survey and EHR definitions for smoking produced similar results. Conclusion This study demonstrated the feasibility of studying common exposures using All of Us data.
Related Topics
Concepts
Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocad205
- https://academic.oup.com/jamia/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/jamia/ocad205/52603616/ocad205.pdf
- OA Status
- hybrid
- Cited By
- 6
- References
- 191
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4387963398
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W4387963398Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocad205Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Systematic replication of smoking disease associations using survey responses and EHR data in the All of Us Research ProgramWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2023Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2023-10-26Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
David J. Schlueter, Lina Sulieman, Huan Mo, Jacob M. Keaton, Tracey M. Ferrara, Ariel Williams, Jun Qian, Onajia Stubblefield, Chenjie Zeng, Tam C. Tran, Lisa Bastarache, Jian Dai, Anav Babbar, Andrea H. Ramirez, Slavina B. Goleva, Joshua C. DennyList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocad205Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://academic.oup.com/jamia/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/jamia/ocad205/52603616/ocad205.pdfDirect link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
hybridOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://academic.oup.com/jamia/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/jamia/ocad205/52603616/ocad205.pdfDirect OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Phenome, Bonferroni correction, Biobank, Replication (statistics), Meta-analysis, Medicine, MEDLINE, Disease, Bioinformatics, Phenotype, Internal medicine, Biology, Genetics, Statistics, Virology, Gene, Mathematics, BiochemistryTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
6Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2024: 6Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
191Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W4387963398 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocad205 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocad205 |
| ids.pmid | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37885303 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W4387963398 |
| fwci | 2.15563474 |
| mesh[0].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[0].descriptor_ui | D006801 |
| mesh[0].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[0].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[0].descriptor_name | Humans |
| mesh[1].qualifier_ui | Q000379 |
| mesh[1].descriptor_ui | D055106 |
| mesh[1].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[1].qualifier_name | methods |
| mesh[1].descriptor_name | Genome-Wide Association Study |
| mesh[2].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[2].descriptor_ui | D000075485 |
| mesh[2].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[2].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[2].descriptor_name | Population Health |
| mesh[3].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[3].descriptor_ui | D010641 |
| mesh[3].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[3].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[3].descriptor_name | Phenotype |
| mesh[4].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[4].descriptor_ui | D012907 |
| mesh[4].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[4].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[4].descriptor_name | Smoking |
| mesh[5].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[5].descriptor_ui | D020641 |
| mesh[5].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[5].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[5].descriptor_name | Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide |
| mesh[6].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[6].descriptor_ui | D006801 |
| mesh[6].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[6].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[6].descriptor_name | Humans |
| mesh[7].qualifier_ui | Q000379 |
| mesh[7].descriptor_ui | D055106 |
| mesh[7].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[7].qualifier_name | methods |
| mesh[7].descriptor_name | Genome-Wide Association Study |
| mesh[8].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[8].descriptor_ui | D010641 |
| mesh[8].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[8].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[8].descriptor_name | Phenotype |
| mesh[9].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[9].descriptor_ui | D020641 |
| mesh[9].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[9].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[9].descriptor_name | Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide |
| mesh[10].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[10].descriptor_ui | D000075485 |
| mesh[10].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[10].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[10].descriptor_name | Population Health |
| mesh[11].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[11].descriptor_ui | D012907 |
| mesh[11].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[11].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[11].descriptor_name | Smoking |
| mesh[12].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[12].descriptor_ui | D006801 |
| mesh[12].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[12].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[12].descriptor_name | Humans |
| mesh[13].qualifier_ui | Q000379 |
| mesh[13].descriptor_ui | D055106 |
| mesh[13].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[13].qualifier_name | methods |
| mesh[13].descriptor_name | Genome-Wide Association Study |
| mesh[14].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[14].descriptor_ui | D010641 |
| mesh[14].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[14].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[14].descriptor_name | Phenotype |
| mesh[15].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[15].descriptor_ui | D020641 |
| mesh[15].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[15].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[15].descriptor_name | Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide |
| mesh[16].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[16].descriptor_ui | D000075485 |
| mesh[16].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[16].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[16].descriptor_name | Population Health |
| mesh[17].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[17].descriptor_ui | D012907 |
| mesh[17].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[17].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[17].descriptor_name | Smoking |
| mesh[18].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[18].descriptor_ui | D006801 |
| mesh[18].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[18].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[18].descriptor_name | Humans |
| mesh[19].qualifier_ui | Q000379 |
| mesh[19].descriptor_ui | D055106 |
| mesh[19].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[19].qualifier_name | methods |
| mesh[19].descriptor_name | Genome-Wide Association Study |
| mesh[20].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[20].descriptor_ui | D010641 |
| mesh[20].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[20].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[20].descriptor_name | Phenotype |
| mesh[21].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[21].descriptor_ui | D020641 |
| mesh[21].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[21].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[21].descriptor_name | Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide |
| mesh[22].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[22].descriptor_ui | D000075485 |
| mesh[22].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[22].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[22].descriptor_name | Population Health |
| mesh[23].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[23].descriptor_ui | D012907 |
| mesh[23].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[23].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[23].descriptor_name | Smoking |
| type | article |
| title | Systematic replication of smoking disease associations using survey responses and EHR data in the All of Us Research Program |
| awards[0].id | https://openalex.org/G8875935482 |
| awards[0].funder_id | https://openalex.org/F4320332161 |
| awards[0].display_name | |
| awards[0].funder_award_id | HG200417-02 |
| awards[0].funder_display_name | National Institutes of Health |
| biblio.issue | 1 |
| biblio.volume | 31 |
| biblio.last_page | 153 |
| biblio.first_page | 139 |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T10261 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/13 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology |
| topics[0].score | 0.9980999827384949 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/1 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Life Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/1311 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Genetics |
| topics[0].display_name | Genetic Associations and Epidemiology |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T14393 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/23 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Environmental Science |
| topics[1].score | 0.9958999752998352 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2307 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis |
| topics[1].display_name | Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T10845 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/26 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Mathematics |
| topics[2].score | 0.9871000051498413 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2613 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Statistics and Probability |
| topics[2].display_name | Advanced Causal Inference Techniques |
| funders[0].id | https://openalex.org/F4320332161 |
| funders[0].ror | https://ror.org/01cwqze88 |
| funders[0].display_name | National Institutes of Health |
| funders[1].id | https://openalex.org/F4320337348 |
| funders[1].ror | https://ror.org/00baak391 |
| funders[1].display_name | National Human Genome Research Institute |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list.value | 3967 |
| apc_list.currency | USD |
| apc_list.value_usd | 3967 |
| apc_paid.value | 3967 |
| apc_paid.currency | USD |
| apc_paid.value_usd | 3967 |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C7952369 |
| concepts[0].level | 4 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.8370289206504822 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844116 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Phenome |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C127808970 |
| concepts[1].level | 2 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.6883702278137207 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q385989 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Bonferroni correction |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C116567970 |
| concepts[2].level | 2 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.6760249137878418 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864217 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Biobank |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C12590798 |
| concepts[3].level | 2 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.6126208901405334 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3933199 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Replication (statistics) |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C95190672 |
| concepts[4].level | 2 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.5875893235206604 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815382 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Meta-analysis |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C71924100 |
| concepts[5].level | 0 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.5460872054100037 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Medicine |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C2779473830 |
| concepts[6].level | 2 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.43614447116851807 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899 |
| concepts[6].display_name | MEDLINE |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C2779134260 |
| concepts[7].level | 2 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.4243320822715759 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Disease |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C60644358 |
| concepts[8].level | 1 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.2539435625076294 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128570 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Bioinformatics |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C127716648 |
| concepts[9].level | 3 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.2445620596408844 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104053 |
| concepts[9].display_name | Phenotype |
| concepts[10].id | https://openalex.org/C126322002 |
| concepts[10].level | 1 |
| concepts[10].score | 0.21394741535186768 |
| concepts[10].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180 |
| concepts[10].display_name | Internal medicine |
| concepts[11].id | https://openalex.org/C86803240 |
| concepts[11].level | 0 |
| concepts[11].score | 0.18701651692390442 |
| concepts[11].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420 |
| concepts[11].display_name | Biology |
| concepts[12].id | https://openalex.org/C54355233 |
| concepts[12].level | 1 |
| concepts[12].score | 0.1314045786857605 |
| concepts[12].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162 |
| concepts[12].display_name | Genetics |
| concepts[13].id | https://openalex.org/C105795698 |
| concepts[13].level | 1 |
| concepts[13].score | 0.11437460780143738 |
| concepts[13].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483 |
| concepts[13].display_name | Statistics |
| concepts[14].id | https://openalex.org/C159047783 |
| concepts[14].level | 1 |
| concepts[14].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[14].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215 |
| concepts[14].display_name | Virology |
| concepts[15].id | https://openalex.org/C104317684 |
| concepts[15].level | 2 |
| concepts[15].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[15].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187 |
| concepts[15].display_name | Gene |
| concepts[16].id | https://openalex.org/C33923547 |
| concepts[16].level | 0 |
| concepts[16].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[16].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395 |
| concepts[16].display_name | Mathematics |
| concepts[17].id | https://openalex.org/C55493867 |
| concepts[17].level | 1 |
| concepts[17].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[17].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094 |
| concepts[17].display_name | Biochemistry |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/phenome |
| keywords[0].score | 0.8370289206504822 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Phenome |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/bonferroni-correction |
| keywords[1].score | 0.6883702278137207 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Bonferroni correction |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/biobank |
| keywords[2].score | 0.6760249137878418 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Biobank |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/replication |
| keywords[3].score | 0.6126208901405334 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Replication (statistics) |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/meta-analysis |
| keywords[4].score | 0.5875893235206604 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Meta-analysis |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine |
| keywords[5].score | 0.5460872054100037 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Medicine |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/medline |
| keywords[6].score | 0.43614447116851807 |
| keywords[6].display_name | MEDLINE |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/disease |
| keywords[7].score | 0.4243320822715759 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Disease |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/bioinformatics |
| keywords[8].score | 0.2539435625076294 |
| keywords[8].display_name | Bioinformatics |
| keywords[9].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/phenotype |
| keywords[9].score | 0.2445620596408844 |
| keywords[9].display_name | Phenotype |
| keywords[10].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine |
| keywords[10].score | 0.21394741535186768 |
| keywords[10].display_name | Internal medicine |
| keywords[11].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/biology |
| keywords[11].score | 0.18701651692390442 |
| keywords[11].display_name | Biology |
| keywords[12].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/genetics |
| keywords[12].score | 0.1314045786857605 |
| keywords[12].display_name | Genetics |
| keywords[13].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics |
| keywords[13].score | 0.11437460780143738 |
| keywords[13].display_name | Statistics |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.1093/jamia/ocad205 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S129839026 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 1067-5027, 1527-974X |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 1067-5027 |
| locations[0].source.is_core | True |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[0].source.display_name | Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310311648 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | Oxford University Press |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310311648, https://openalex.org/P4310311647 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage_names | Oxford University Press, University of Oxford |
| locations[0].license | other-oa |
| locations[0].pdf_url | https://academic.oup.com/jamia/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/jamia/ocad205/52603616/ocad205.pdf |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocad205 |
| locations[1].id | pmid:37885303 |
| locations[1].is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306525036 |
| locations[1].source.issn | |
| locations[1].source.type | repository |
| locations[1].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.issn_l | |
| locations[1].source.is_core | False |
| locations[1].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[1].source.display_name | PubMed |
| locations[1].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].license | |
| locations[1].pdf_url | |
| locations[1].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[1].raw_type | |
| locations[1].license_id | |
| locations[1].is_accepted | True |
| locations[1].is_published | True |
| locations[1].raw_source_name | Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA |
| locations[1].landing_page_url | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37885303 |
| locations[2].id | pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10746325 |
| locations[2].is_oa | True |
| locations[2].source.id | https://openalex.org/S2764455111 |
| locations[2].source.issn | |
| locations[2].source.type | repository |
| locations[2].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[2].source.issn_l | |
| locations[2].source.is_core | False |
| locations[2].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[2].source.display_name | PubMed Central |
| locations[2].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[2].license | public-domain |
| locations[2].pdf_url | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10746325/pdf/ocad205.pdf |
| locations[2].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[2].raw_type | Text |
| locations[2].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain |
| locations[2].is_accepted | False |
| locations[2].is_published | False |
| locations[2].raw_source_name | J Am Med Inform Assoc |
| locations[2].landing_page_url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10746325 |
| indexed_in | crossref, pubmed |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5090809993 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | David J. Schlueter |
| authorships[0].countries | CA, US |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I1299303238, https://openalex.org/I4210090236 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Precision Health Informatics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, United States |
| authorships[0].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I185261750, https://openalex.org/I2799376586 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Health and Society, University of Toronto , Scarborough, Toronto, ON, Canada |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I2799376586 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04pzgb662 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2799376586 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | CA |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | The Scarborough Hospital |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I185261750 |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/03dbr7087 |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].type | education |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I185261750 |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].country_code | CA |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].display_name | University of Toronto |
| authorships[0].institutions[2].id | https://openalex.org/I4210090236 |
| authorships[0].institutions[2].ror | https://ror.org/00baak391 |
| authorships[0].institutions[2].type | facility |
| authorships[0].institutions[2].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299022934, https://openalex.org/I1299303238, https://openalex.org/I4210090236 |
| authorships[0].institutions[2].country_code | US |
| authorships[0].institutions[2].display_name | National Human Genome Research Institute |
| authorships[0].institutions[3].id | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| authorships[0].institutions[3].ror | https://ror.org/01cwqze88 |
| authorships[0].institutions[3].type | government |
| authorships[0].institutions[3].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299022934, https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| authorships[0].institutions[3].country_code | US |
| authorships[0].institutions[3].display_name | National Institutes of Health |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | David J Schlueter |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Health and Society, University of Toronto , Scarborough, Toronto, ON, Canada, Precision Health Informatics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, United States |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5078306488 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2680-8230 |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Lina Sulieman |
| authorships[1].countries | US |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I901861585 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville, TN, United States |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I901861585 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/05dq2gs74 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210162197, https://openalex.org/I901861585 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | Vanderbilt University Medical Center |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Lina Sulieman |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville, TN, United States |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5002130031 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6029-458X |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Huan Mo |
| authorships[2].countries | US |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I1299303238, https://openalex.org/I4210090236 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Precision Health Informatics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, United States |
| authorships[2].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210090236 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | The Cohort Analytics Core (CAC), Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute , Bethesda, MD, USA |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210090236 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00baak391 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | facility |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299022934, https://openalex.org/I1299303238, https://openalex.org/I4210090236 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | National Human Genome Research Institute |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/01cwqze88 |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].type | government |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299022934, https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].country_code | US |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].display_name | National Institutes of Health |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Huan Mo |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | Precision Health Informatics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, United States, The Cohort Analytics Core (CAC), Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute , Bethesda, MD, USA |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5046612794 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6371-7530 |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | Jacob M. Keaton |
| authorships[3].countries | US |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I1299303238, https://openalex.org/I4210090236 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Precision Health Informatics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, United States |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210090236 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00baak391 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].type | facility |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299022934, https://openalex.org/I1299303238, https://openalex.org/I4210090236 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name | National Human Genome Research Institute |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/01cwqze88 |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].type | government |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299022934, https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].country_code | US |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].display_name | National Institutes of Health |
| authorships[3].author_position | middle |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | Jacob M Keaton |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings | Precision Health Informatics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, United States |
| authorships[4].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5016200361 |
| authorships[4].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9599-413X |
| authorships[4].author.display_name | Tracey M. Ferrara |
| authorships[4].countries | US |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I1299303238, https://openalex.org/I4210090236 |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Precision Health Informatics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, United States |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210090236 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00baak391 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].type | facility |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299022934, https://openalex.org/I1299303238, https://openalex.org/I4210090236 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].display_name | National Human Genome Research Institute |
| authorships[4].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| authorships[4].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/01cwqze88 |
| authorships[4].institutions[1].type | government |
| authorships[4].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299022934, https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| authorships[4].institutions[1].country_code | US |
| authorships[4].institutions[1].display_name | National Institutes of Health |
| authorships[4].author_position | middle |
| authorships[4].raw_author_name | Tracey M Ferrara |
| authorships[4].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[4].raw_affiliation_strings | Precision Health Informatics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, United States |
| authorships[5].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5025604999 |
| authorships[5].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5343-8274 |
| authorships[5].author.display_name | Ariel Williams |
| authorships[5].countries | US |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I1299303238, https://openalex.org/I4210090236 |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Precision Health Informatics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, United States |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210090236 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00baak391 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].type | facility |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299022934, https://openalex.org/I1299303238, https://openalex.org/I4210090236 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].display_name | National Human Genome Research Institute |
| authorships[5].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| authorships[5].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/01cwqze88 |
| authorships[5].institutions[1].type | government |
| authorships[5].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299022934, https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| authorships[5].institutions[1].country_code | US |
| authorships[5].institutions[1].display_name | National Institutes of Health |
| authorships[5].author_position | middle |
| authorships[5].raw_author_name | Ariel Williams |
| authorships[5].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[5].raw_affiliation_strings | Precision Health Informatics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, United States |
| authorships[6].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5100655644 |
| authorships[6].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8105-1306 |
| authorships[6].author.display_name | Jun Qian |
| authorships[6].countries | US |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I901861585 |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville, TN, United States |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I901861585 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/05dq2gs74 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210162197, https://openalex.org/I901861585 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].display_name | Vanderbilt University Medical Center |
| authorships[6].author_position | middle |
| authorships[6].raw_author_name | Jun Qian |
| authorships[6].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[6].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville, TN, United States |
| authorships[7].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5051722670 |
| authorships[7].author.orcid | |
| authorships[7].author.display_name | Onajia Stubblefield |
| authorships[7].countries | US |
| authorships[7].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I1299303238, https://openalex.org/I4210090236 |
| authorships[7].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Precision Health Informatics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, United States |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210090236 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00baak391 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].type | facility |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299022934, https://openalex.org/I1299303238, https://openalex.org/I4210090236 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].display_name | National Human Genome Research Institute |
| authorships[7].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| authorships[7].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/01cwqze88 |
| authorships[7].institutions[1].type | government |
| authorships[7].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299022934, https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| authorships[7].institutions[1].country_code | US |
| authorships[7].institutions[1].display_name | National Institutes of Health |
| authorships[7].author_position | middle |
| authorships[7].raw_author_name | Onajia Stubblefield |
| authorships[7].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[7].raw_affiliation_strings | Precision Health Informatics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, United States |
| authorships[8].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5042491541 |
| authorships[8].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0149-5661 |
| authorships[8].author.display_name | Chenjie Zeng |
| authorships[8].countries | US |
| authorships[8].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I1299303238, https://openalex.org/I4210090236 |
| authorships[8].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Precision Health Informatics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, United States |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210090236 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00baak391 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].type | facility |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299022934, https://openalex.org/I1299303238, https://openalex.org/I4210090236 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].display_name | National Human Genome Research Institute |
| authorships[8].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| authorships[8].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/01cwqze88 |
| authorships[8].institutions[1].type | government |
| authorships[8].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299022934, https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| authorships[8].institutions[1].country_code | US |
| authorships[8].institutions[1].display_name | National Institutes of Health |
| authorships[8].author_position | middle |
| authorships[8].raw_author_name | Chenjie Zeng |
| authorships[8].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[8].raw_affiliation_strings | Precision Health Informatics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, United States |
| authorships[9].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5042468166 |
| authorships[9].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5343-8822 |
| authorships[9].author.display_name | Tam C. Tran |
| authorships[9].countries | US |
| authorships[9].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I1299303238, https://openalex.org/I4210090236 |
| authorships[9].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Precision Health Informatics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, United States |
| authorships[9].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I4210090236 |
| authorships[9].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | The Cohort Analytics Core (CAC), Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute , Bethesda, MD, USA |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210090236 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00baak391 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].type | facility |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299022934, https://openalex.org/I1299303238, https://openalex.org/I4210090236 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].display_name | National Human Genome Research Institute |
| authorships[9].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| authorships[9].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/01cwqze88 |
| authorships[9].institutions[1].type | government |
| authorships[9].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299022934, https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| authorships[9].institutions[1].country_code | US |
| authorships[9].institutions[1].display_name | National Institutes of Health |
| authorships[9].author_position | middle |
| authorships[9].raw_author_name | Tam C Tran |
| authorships[9].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[9].raw_affiliation_strings | Precision Health Informatics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, United States, The Cohort Analytics Core (CAC), Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute , Bethesda, MD, USA |
| authorships[10].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5107412564 |
| authorships[10].author.orcid | |
| authorships[10].author.display_name | Lisa Bastarache |
| authorships[10].countries | US |
| authorships[10].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I901861585 |
| authorships[10].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville, TN, United States |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I901861585 |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/05dq2gs74 |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210162197, https://openalex.org/I901861585 |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].display_name | Vanderbilt University Medical Center |
| authorships[10].author_position | middle |
| authorships[10].raw_author_name | Lisa Bastarache |
| authorships[10].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[10].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville, TN, United States |
| authorships[11].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5101634063 |
| authorships[11].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8784-7487 |
| authorships[11].author.display_name | Jian Dai |
| authorships[11].countries | US |
| authorships[11].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I1299303238, https://openalex.org/I4210090236 |
| authorships[11].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Precision Health Informatics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, United States |
| authorships[11].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210090236 |
| authorships[11].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00baak391 |
| authorships[11].institutions[0].type | facility |
| authorships[11].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299022934, https://openalex.org/I1299303238, https://openalex.org/I4210090236 |
| authorships[11].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[11].institutions[0].display_name | National Human Genome Research Institute |
| authorships[11].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| authorships[11].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/01cwqze88 |
| authorships[11].institutions[1].type | government |
| authorships[11].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299022934, https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| authorships[11].institutions[1].country_code | US |
| authorships[11].institutions[1].display_name | National Institutes of Health |
| authorships[11].author_position | middle |
| authorships[11].raw_author_name | Jian Dai |
| authorships[11].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[11].raw_affiliation_strings | Precision Health Informatics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, United States |
| authorships[12].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5093129894 |
| authorships[12].author.orcid | |
| authorships[12].author.display_name | Anav Babbar |
| authorships[12].countries | US |
| authorships[12].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I1299303238, https://openalex.org/I4210090236 |
| authorships[12].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Precision Health Informatics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, United States |
| authorships[12].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210090236 |
| authorships[12].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00baak391 |
| authorships[12].institutions[0].type | facility |
| authorships[12].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299022934, https://openalex.org/I1299303238, https://openalex.org/I4210090236 |
| authorships[12].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[12].institutions[0].display_name | National Human Genome Research Institute |
| authorships[12].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| authorships[12].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/01cwqze88 |
| authorships[12].institutions[1].type | government |
| authorships[12].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299022934, https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| authorships[12].institutions[1].country_code | US |
| authorships[12].institutions[1].display_name | National Institutes of Health |
| authorships[12].author_position | middle |
| authorships[12].raw_author_name | Anav Babbar |
| authorships[12].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[12].raw_affiliation_strings | Precision Health Informatics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, United States |
| authorships[13].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5051915513 |
| authorships[13].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6460-0182 |
| authorships[13].author.display_name | Andrea H. Ramirez |
| authorships[13].countries | US |
| authorships[13].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I1299303238, https://openalex.org/I4210090236 |
| authorships[13].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Precision Health Informatics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, United States |
| authorships[13].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I901861585 |
| authorships[13].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville, TN, United States |
| authorships[13].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210090236 |
| authorships[13].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00baak391 |
| authorships[13].institutions[0].type | facility |
| authorships[13].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299022934, https://openalex.org/I1299303238, https://openalex.org/I4210090236 |
| authorships[13].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[13].institutions[0].display_name | National Human Genome Research Institute |
| authorships[13].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| authorships[13].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/01cwqze88 |
| authorships[13].institutions[1].type | government |
| authorships[13].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299022934, https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| authorships[13].institutions[1].country_code | US |
| authorships[13].institutions[1].display_name | National Institutes of Health |
| authorships[13].institutions[2].id | https://openalex.org/I901861585 |
| authorships[13].institutions[2].ror | https://ror.org/05dq2gs74 |
| authorships[13].institutions[2].type | healthcare |
| authorships[13].institutions[2].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210162197, https://openalex.org/I901861585 |
| authorships[13].institutions[2].country_code | US |
| authorships[13].institutions[2].display_name | Vanderbilt University Medical Center |
| authorships[13].author_position | middle |
| authorships[13].raw_author_name | Andrea Ramirez |
| authorships[13].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[13].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville, TN, United States, Precision Health Informatics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, United States |
| authorships[14].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5090508292 |
| authorships[14].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5177-9286 |
| authorships[14].author.display_name | Slavina B. Goleva |
| authorships[14].countries | US |
| authorships[14].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I1299303238, https://openalex.org/I4210090236 |
| authorships[14].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Precision Health Informatics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, United States |
| authorships[14].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210090236 |
| authorships[14].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00baak391 |
| authorships[14].institutions[0].type | facility |
| authorships[14].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299022934, https://openalex.org/I1299303238, https://openalex.org/I4210090236 |
| authorships[14].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[14].institutions[0].display_name | National Human Genome Research Institute |
| authorships[14].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| authorships[14].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/01cwqze88 |
| authorships[14].institutions[1].type | government |
| authorships[14].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299022934, https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| authorships[14].institutions[1].country_code | US |
| authorships[14].institutions[1].display_name | National Institutes of Health |
| authorships[14].author_position | middle |
| authorships[14].raw_author_name | Slavina B Goleva |
| authorships[14].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[14].raw_affiliation_strings | Precision Health Informatics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, United States |
| authorships[15].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5070908224 |
| authorships[15].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3049-7332 |
| authorships[15].author.display_name | Joshua C. Denny |
| authorships[15].countries | US |
| authorships[15].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I1299303238, https://openalex.org/I4210090236 |
| authorships[15].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Precision Health Informatics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, United States |
| authorships[15].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210090236 |
| authorships[15].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00baak391 |
| authorships[15].institutions[0].type | facility |
| authorships[15].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299022934, https://openalex.org/I1299303238, https://openalex.org/I4210090236 |
| authorships[15].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[15].institutions[0].display_name | National Human Genome Research Institute |
| authorships[15].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| authorships[15].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/01cwqze88 |
| authorships[15].institutions[1].type | government |
| authorships[15].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299022934, https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| authorships[15].institutions[1].country_code | US |
| authorships[15].institutions[1].display_name | National Institutes of Health |
| authorships[15].author_position | last |
| authorships[15].raw_author_name | Joshua C Denny |
| authorships[15].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[15].raw_affiliation_strings | Precision Health Informatics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, United States |
| has_content.pdf | True |
| has_content.grobid_xml | True |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://academic.oup.com/jamia/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/jamia/ocad205/52603616/ocad205.pdf |
| open_access.oa_status | hybrid |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2023-10-27T00:00:00 |
| display_name | Systematic replication of smoking disease associations using survey responses and EHR data in the All of Us Research Program |
| has_fulltext | True |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T10261 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/13 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9980999827384949 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/1 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Life Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/1311 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Genetics |
| primary_topic.display_name | Genetic Associations and Epidemiology |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W4285087457, https://openalex.org/W2105971613, https://openalex.org/W3113746618, https://openalex.org/W4226051228, https://openalex.org/W4226156868, https://openalex.org/W4244742767, https://openalex.org/W2799112143, https://openalex.org/W4387477033, https://openalex.org/W2949112115, https://openalex.org/W2995386795 |
| cited_by_count | 6 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2024 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 6 |
| locations_count | 3 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.1093/jamia/ocad205 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S129839026 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | 1067-5027, 1527-974X |
| best_oa_location.source.type | journal |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | False |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | 1067-5027 |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | True |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310311648 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | Oxford University Press |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310311648, https://openalex.org/P4310311647 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Oxford University Press, University of Oxford |
| best_oa_location.license | other-oa |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | https://academic.oup.com/jamia/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/jamia/ocad205/52603616/ocad205.pdf |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocad205 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.1093/jamia/ocad205 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S129839026 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 1067-5027, 1527-974X |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | False |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 1067-5027 |
| primary_location.source.is_core | True |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| primary_location.source.display_name | Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310311648 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | Oxford University Press |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310311648, https://openalex.org/P4310311647 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Oxford University Press, University of Oxford |
| primary_location.license | other-oa |
| primary_location.pdf_url | https://academic.oup.com/jamia/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/jamia/ocad205/52603616/ocad205.pdf |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocad205 |
| publication_date | 2023-10-26 |
| publication_year | 2023 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W6780998926, https://openalex.org/W4292672078, https://openalex.org/W4205170775, https://openalex.org/W2082704080, https://openalex.org/W6748256608, https://openalex.org/W2132557169, https://openalex.org/W2570263858, https://openalex.org/W4290839014, https://openalex.org/W2113105800, https://openalex.org/W3120323601, https://openalex.org/W3096033982, https://openalex.org/W3082956618, https://openalex.org/W3048522038, https://openalex.org/W1578628299, https://openalex.org/W3031210964, https://openalex.org/W3016123566, https://openalex.org/W2786776412, https://openalex.org/W3015017011, https://openalex.org/W3011930756, https://openalex.org/W3006610469, https://openalex.org/W3024215587, https://openalex.org/W2991174058, https://openalex.org/W2982399047, https://openalex.org/W2973040416, https://openalex.org/W2973040919, https://openalex.org/W2972477019, https://openalex.org/W2970151139, https://openalex.org/W2966425738, https://openalex.org/W2957964124, https://openalex.org/W2924939164, https://openalex.org/W2891703361, https://openalex.org/W2902543143, https://openalex.org/W2902212897, https://openalex.org/W2900052313, https://openalex.org/W2811091678, https://openalex.org/W2897869769, https://openalex.org/W2896265850, https://openalex.org/W2896567391, https://openalex.org/W2895007836, https://openalex.org/W2894254424, https://openalex.org/W2887297040, https://openalex.org/W2828227510, https://openalex.org/W2828796283, https://openalex.org/W2811428670, https://openalex.org/W2808046617, https://openalex.org/W2807753441, https://openalex.org/W2789334492, https://openalex.org/W2803882773, https://openalex.org/W2800513325, https://openalex.org/W2797860408, https://openalex.org/W2941350158, https://openalex.org/W2792653317, https://openalex.org/W2743874890, https://openalex.org/W2765722140, https://openalex.org/W2737064420, https://openalex.org/W2762514572, https://openalex.org/W2752504842, https://openalex.org/W2619020341, https://openalex.org/W2620404757, https://openalex.org/W2614322318, https://openalex.org/W2606543906, https://openalex.org/W2600216720, https://openalex.org/W2593654272, https://openalex.org/W2560920875, https://openalex.org/W2517361970, https://openalex.org/W2490269648, https://openalex.org/W2472046684, https://openalex.org/W2414523391, https://openalex.org/W2380806236, https://openalex.org/W2346294452, https://openalex.org/W2342538426, https://openalex.org/W2339697694, https://openalex.org/W2302037600, https://openalex.org/W2315712516, https://openalex.org/W2302329846, https://openalex.org/W4234694963, https://openalex.org/W1939289385, https://openalex.org/W2213195397, https://openalex.org/W1771416570, https://openalex.org/W2162523466, https://openalex.org/W2097427623, https://openalex.org/W1829705168, https://openalex.org/W1569336233, https://openalex.org/W2167087050, https://openalex.org/W2167290760, https://openalex.org/W2052482962, https://openalex.org/W2029925711, https://openalex.org/W2332651485, https://openalex.org/W2050581854, https://openalex.org/W2027048227, https://openalex.org/W2116899281, https://openalex.org/W2333279766, https://openalex.org/W2098492915, https://openalex.org/W2047252483, https://openalex.org/W2335278427, https://openalex.org/W1967109838, https://openalex.org/W6711947271, https://openalex.org/W1498819706, https://openalex.org/W2010525475, https://openalex.org/W2105372651, https://openalex.org/W2078712989, https://openalex.org/W2128280501, https://openalex.org/W2111479963, https://openalex.org/W1994478140, https://openalex.org/W2076877577, https://openalex.org/W2097981670, https://openalex.org/W2151701525, https://openalex.org/W2116829637, https://openalex.org/W2168615651, https://openalex.org/W2091123759, https://openalex.org/W2142453326, https://openalex.org/W2126072615, https://openalex.org/W2154655874, https://openalex.org/W2000340769, https://openalex.org/W2077168411, https://openalex.org/W2125242380, https://openalex.org/W1515651711, https://openalex.org/W1973339169, https://openalex.org/W2121962845, https://openalex.org/W1995322708, https://openalex.org/W2133675760, https://openalex.org/W1510655339, https://openalex.org/W2094027854, https://openalex.org/W2024323568, https://openalex.org/W2415786478, https://openalex.org/W2013980032, https://openalex.org/W2135568042, https://openalex.org/W2123658433, https://openalex.org/W1909223332, https://openalex.org/W2135802413, https://openalex.org/W2166595644, https://openalex.org/W2119607854, https://openalex.org/W2050666049, https://openalex.org/W2013135107, https://openalex.org/W1998614721, https://openalex.org/W2080581405, https://openalex.org/W2145378917, https://openalex.org/W2396144192, https://openalex.org/W2093607179, https://openalex.org/W2046299265, https://openalex.org/W2167258298, https://openalex.org/W4236676062, https://openalex.org/W2026418251, https://openalex.org/W2169448344, https://openalex.org/W1985046539, https://openalex.org/W2010703166, https://openalex.org/W1964074196, https://openalex.org/W2029161817, https://openalex.org/W2031385223, https://openalex.org/W2077397717, https://openalex.org/W6629867789, https://openalex.org/W2109516545, https://openalex.org/W2115620754, https://openalex.org/W2018451414, https://openalex.org/W2038157812, https://openalex.org/W6634526491, https://openalex.org/W2029170128, https://openalex.org/W2109769649, https://openalex.org/W1720536632, https://openalex.org/W1530883209, https://openalex.org/W2077169564, https://openalex.org/W2150071355, https://openalex.org/W1967350116, https://openalex.org/W2080368522, https://openalex.org/W2019022588, https://openalex.org/W2041113577, https://openalex.org/W1978576085, https://openalex.org/W1534045085, https://openalex.org/W2054162936, https://openalex.org/W1977713578, https://openalex.org/W2053969387, https://openalex.org/W1998130178, https://openalex.org/W6921534036, https://openalex.org/W2054955743, https://openalex.org/W6644887507, https://openalex.org/W85300550, https://openalex.org/W2102778546, https://openalex.org/W2992308491, https://openalex.org/W2043264873, https://openalex.org/W2174794845, https://openalex.org/W2089845746, https://openalex.org/W2171147537, https://openalex.org/W4220949103, https://openalex.org/W1650107170, https://openalex.org/W3046273941, https://openalex.org/W4251304330, https://openalex.org/W1977702916, https://openalex.org/W4321153540, https://openalex.org/W2116774060, https://openalex.org/W2100346673, https://openalex.org/W2973113902 |
| referenced_works_count | 191 |
| abstract_inverted_index.P | 188, 201 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 15, 29, 91 |
| abstract_inverted_index.40 | 213 |
| abstract_inverted_index.55 | 196 |
| abstract_inverted_index.58 | 208 |
| abstract_inverted_index.74 | 191 |
| abstract_inverted_index.99 | 177 |
| abstract_inverted_index.At | 187, 200 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Us | 5, 44, 257 |
| abstract_inverted_index.We | 54, 89, 122, 172 |
| abstract_inverted_index.an | 61 |
| abstract_inverted_index.as | 58 |
| abstract_inverted_index.be | 182 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 221, 230 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 28 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 4, 9, 26, 31, 43, 69, 126, 128, 136, 138, 148, 232, 250, 256 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 12, 18, 23, 34, 113, 184 |
| abstract_inverted_index.we | 38, 104 |
| abstract_inverted_index.× | 204 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(1) | 60, 130 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(2) | 72, 142 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(3) | 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.165 | 174 |
| abstract_inverted_index.639 | 167 |
| abstract_inverted_index.All | 3, 42, 231, 255 |
| abstract_inverted_index.EHR | 62, 154, 185, 237 |
| abstract_inverted_index.For | 102 |
| abstract_inverted_index.PPI | 81, 156, 160 |
| abstract_inverted_index.The | 2 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Us) | 10 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Us. | 233 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 52, 141, 159, 166, 195, 212, 236 |
| abstract_inverted_index.for | 96, 239 |
| abstract_inverted_index.how | 40 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 24, 86, 106, 111, 248 |
| abstract_inverted_index.two | 124 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(All | 8 |
| abstract_inverted_index..05, | 190 |
| abstract_inverted_index.2.68 | 203 |
| abstract_inverted_index.492, | 165 |
| abstract_inverted_index.736, | 164 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Both | 234 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Ever | 77, 157 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Most | 218 |
| abstract_inverted_index.This | 245 |
| abstract_inverted_index.aims | 11 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and, | 79 |
| abstract_inverted_index.both | 84 |
| abstract_inverted_index.data | 45 |
| abstract_inverted_index.each | 97 |
| abstract_inverted_index.from | 85, 110, 120 |
| abstract_inverted_index.over | 14 |
| abstract_inverted_index.that | 65, 116, 180 |
| abstract_inverted_index.used | 66 |
| abstract_inverted_index.well | 41 |
| abstract_inverted_index.were | 192, 197, 209, 214, 227 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 153, 225 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(PPI) | 76 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Here, | 37 |
| abstract_inverted_index.could | 181 |
| abstract_inverted_index.data. | 258 |
| abstract_inverted_index.each, | 103 |
| abstract_inverted_index.found | 220 |
| abstract_inverted_index.fully | 143, 198, 215 |
| abstract_inverted_index.known | 32, 47 |
| abstract_inverted_index.size, | 140 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sizes | 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.study | 94, 246 |
| abstract_inverted_index.type. | 101 |
| abstract_inverted_index.using | 254 |
| abstract_inverted_index.which | 133, 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.10−5 | 205 |
| abstract_inverted_index.PheWAS | 112 |
| abstract_inverted_index.codes; | 71 |
| abstract_inverted_index.common | 252 |
| abstract_inverted_index.effect | 107, 139 |
| abstract_inverted_index.levels | 125 |
| abstract_inverted_index.survey | 235 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Current | 82, 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Disease | 70 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Methods | 53 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Program | 7 |
| abstract_inverted_index.PubMed. | 121 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Results | 151 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Smoking | 63, 162 |
| abstract_inverted_index.defined | 55, 123 |
| abstract_inverted_index.derived | 109 |
| abstract_inverted_index.further | 19 |
| abstract_inverted_index.matched | 183 |
| abstract_inverted_index.million | 16 |
| abstract_inverted_index.overlap | 147 |
| abstract_inverted_index.recruit | 13 |
| abstract_inverted_index.similar | 242 |
| abstract_inverted_index.smoking | 49, 56, 98, 119, 226, 240 |
| abstract_inverted_index.studied | 117 |
| abstract_inverted_index.survey. | 88 |
| abstract_inverted_index.&lt; | 189, 202 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(PheWAS) | 95 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Abstract | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.PheWASes | 152 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Research | 6 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Smoking, | 83, 155, 158 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Smoking; | 78 |
| abstract_inverted_index.biobanks | 27 |
| abstract_inverted_index.compared | 105 |
| abstract_inverted_index.distinct | 178 |
| abstract_inverted_index.exposure | 57, 64, 99 |
| abstract_inverted_index.follows: | 59 |
| abstract_inverted_index.produced | 241 |
| abstract_inverted_index.provided | 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.required | 134, 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.results. | 243 |
| abstract_inverted_index.revealed | 163 |
| abstract_inverted_index.studying | 251 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Essential | 22 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Materials | 51 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Objective | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.agreement | 135 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cigarette | 48, 118 |
| abstract_inverted_index.direction | 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.establish | 35 |
| abstract_inverted_index.evaluated | 39 |
| abstract_inverted_index.exposures | 253 |
| abstract_inverted_index.lifestyle | 87 |
| abstract_inverted_index.medicine. | 21 |
| abstract_inverted_index.nominally | 131, 193, 210, 228 |
| abstract_inverted_index.performed | 90 |
| abstract_inverted_index.precision | 20 |
| abstract_inverted_index.published | 114, 222 |
| abstract_inverted_index.validity. | 36 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Conclusion | 244 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Discussion | 217 |
| abstract_inverted_index.associated | 224 |
| abstract_inverted_index.confidence | 149 |
| abstract_inverted_index.identified | 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.intervals. | 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.phenotypes | 179, 219 |
| abstract_inverted_index.replicated | 46, 194, 211, 229 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(Bonferroni | 206 |
| abstract_inverted_index.association | 93 |
| abstract_inverted_index.definitions | 238 |
| abstract_inverted_index.feasibility | 249 |
| abstract_inverted_index.information | 75 |
| abstract_inverted_index.measurement | 100 |
| abstract_inverted_index.participant | 73 |
| abstract_inverted_index.phenotypes. | 186 |
| abstract_inverted_index.replicated. | 199, 216 |
| abstract_inverted_index.replicated: | 132, 144 |
| abstract_inverted_index.replication | 30, 127 |
| abstract_inverted_index.significant | 169 |
| abstract_inverted_index.threshold), | 207 |
| abstract_inverted_index.associations | 33 |
| abstract_inverted_index.demonstrated | 247 |
| abstract_inverted_index.participants | 17 |
| abstract_inverted_index.phenome-wide | 92, 168 |
| abstract_inverted_index.representing | 176 |
| abstract_inverted_index.verification | 25 |
| abstract_inverted_index.International | 67 |
| abstract_inverted_index.associations, | 170 |
| abstract_inverted_index.associations. | 50 |
| abstract_inverted_index.meta-analyses | 115, 175, 223 |
| abstract_inverted_index.respectively. | 171 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Classification | 68 |
| abstract_inverted_index.meta-analyses: | 129 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 98 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 97 |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5090809993 |
| countries_distinct_count | 2 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 16 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I1299303238, https://openalex.org/I185261750, https://openalex.org/I2799376586, https://openalex.org/I4210090236 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.8799999952316284 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Good health and well-being |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.88961587 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | False |