Systematic Search for and Study of Short-timescale Flare Structures in BL Lac Object Gamma-Ray Emission Article Swipe
Jinjie Yu
,
Nan Ding
,
J. H. Fan
,
Yunyong Tang
,
Jin Cao
·
YOU?
·
· 2024
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad3e68
YOU?
·
· 2024
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad3e68
We present here the first systematic search of short-timescale γ -ray flares from 29 high Galactic latitude BL Lac objects over 14 yr of Fermi Large Area Telescope data. Using a combined Bayesian Blocks and HOP algorithm, we identified seven high-quality orbital timescale flare segments from three sources and quantified 24 short-timescale flare structures. We then performed a comprehensive analysis of flare symmetry, power spectral density (PSD) of variability, and flux–photon index relation. The main results are as follows. (1) The flare symmetry parameter A shows a “U-shaped” distribution. Short-timescale flares are symmetric while long-timescale flares are asymmetric. The number of fast-rise, slow-decay and slow-rise, fast-decay type flares are equal. No correlation is found between A and peak/integral flux. No parameter evolution is seen between consecutive flares, either. The observations support a scenario where longer-timescale flares originate from the superposition of short, symmetric subhour flares. (2) PSD from yearly to hourly timescales is modeled using the CARMA process. At lower frequencies, the PSD follows the typical broken power-law form. The high-frequency region of the PSD exhibits a continuous power-law shape, indicating that γ -ray variability originates from a single physical process across all probed timescales. (3) The flux–photon index distribution shows a pattern of “harder-when-brighter” or “softer-when-brighter,” but becomes flat above a certain critical flux, with Γ ≈ 2. This behavior cannot be simply explained by a two-component or blazar sequence model, and we speculate it may be related to complex interplay between electron acceleration and cooling.
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Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad3e68
- https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ad3e68/pdf
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 1
- References
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- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
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Raw OpenAlex JSON
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https://openalex.org/W4398222174Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad3e68Digital Object Identifier
- Title
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Systematic Search for and Study of Short-timescale Flare Structures in BL Lac Object Gamma-Ray EmissionWork title
- Type
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articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
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enPrimary language
- Publication year
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2024Year of publication
- Publication date
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2024-05-22Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Jinjie Yu, Nan Ding, J. H. Fan, Yunyong Tang, Jin CaoList of authors in order
- Landing page
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https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad3e68Publisher landing page
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https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ad3e68/pdfDirect link to full text PDF
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YesWhether a free full text is available
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goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
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https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ad3e68/pdfDirect OA link when available
- Concepts
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Flare, Gamma ray, BL Lac object, Astrophysics, Physics, Object (grammar), Astronomy, Computer science, Blazar, Artificial intelligenceTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
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1Total citation count in OpenAlex
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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| primary_location.pdf_url | https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ad3e68/pdf |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | The Astrophysical Journal |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad3e68 |
| publication_date | 2024-05-22 |
| publication_year | 2024 |
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