Tackle characteristics associated with concussion in elite men’s rugby union: unpicking the differences between tacklers and ball-carriers Article Swipe
Keith Stokes
,
Duncan Locke
,
Simon Roberts
,
Steffan Griffin
,
Stephen West
,
Ben Jones
,
Matt Cross
,
Simon Kemp
,
Sean Williams
·
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2025-002612
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2025-002612
Objective To identify characteristics of tackling, of being tackled and interactions between tackle characteristics that are associated with concussion. Methods A case-control study in male professional rugby union players in England over five seasons (2016/2017 to 2020/2021) analysed characteristics of tackles that led to a clinically diagnosed concussion (cases), and a control group of tackles that did not result in a concussion. ORs were plotted against the overall frequency of each tackle characteristic. Results 231 tackles resulting in concussions (tackler 178, 77%; ball-carrier 53, 23%), alongside 9963 control tackles, were analysed. For tacklers, ‘head to torso’ ( Lower CI OR Upper CI; 4.0 6.5 10.7 ) had relatively low odds of concussion compared with ‘no head contact’. ‘Head to knee’ had the highest odds of concussion ( 75.3 155.8 322.4 ), but ‘head to hip’ occurred more frequently and had the highest number of concussions per 1000 tackles (3.1/1000 tackles). For ball-carriers, ‘head to head’ contact had the highest odds of concussion ( 56.7 104.3 192.0 ). When ‘tackler body position’ was ‘upright’, the odds of concussion to the tackler were significantly higher when contacting the ball-carrier’s ‘head and neck’ versus their ‘torso’ ( 3.0 23.7 206.7 ). Conclusions Lower tackles reduce the chances of concussion to ball-carriers. The influence of tackle height on concussion to tacklers is more nuanced, but the chances are relatively low when contact is made with the ball-carrier’s torso. These findings support ongoing implementation of strategies to reduce concussion risk by lowering tackle height to target the torso.
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Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2025-002612
- https://bmjopensem.bmj.com/content/11/3/e002612.full.pdf
- OA Status
- gold
- References
- 26
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4412933182
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
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https://openalex.org/W4412933182Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2025-002612Digital Object Identifier
- Title
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Tackle characteristics associated with concussion in elite men’s rugby union: unpicking the differences between tacklers and ball-carriersWork title
- Type
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articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
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enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2025Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2025-08-01Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Keith Stokes, Duncan Locke, Simon Roberts, Steffan Griffin, Stephen West, Ben Jones, Matt Cross, Simon Kemp, Sean WilliamsList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2025-002612Publisher landing page
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https://bmjopensem.bmj.com/content/11/3/e002612.full.pdfDirect link to full text PDF
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YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
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https://bmjopensem.bmj.com/content/11/3/e002612.full.pdfDirect OA link when available
- Concepts
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Concussion, Torso, Medicine, Odds, Odds ratio, Physical therapy, Poison control, Injury prevention, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Logistic regression, Medical emergency, Internal medicine, AnatomyTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
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0Total citation count in OpenAlex
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26Number of works referenced by this work
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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