Taking the Test: A Qualitative Analysis of Cultural and Contextual Factors Impacting Neuropsychological Assessment of Xhosa-Speaking South Africans Article Swipe
Maral Aghvinian
,
Anthony F. Santoro
,
Hetta Gouse
,
John A. Joska
,
Teboho Linda
,
Kevin G. F. Thomas
,
Reuben N. Robbins
·
YOU?
·
· 2020
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acaa115
YOU?
·
· 2020
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acaa115
Objective There is an urgent need to make neuropsychological (NP) testing more acceptable, accessible, and culturally salient, particularly for culturally, educationally, and linguistically diverse individuals from countries who may have little-to-no experience with NP testing. In settings with limited resources such as South Africa, unique cultural and contextual factors (e.g., structural inequality, poverty) may impact the experience of NP evaluation. Research in this area is limited and requires further exploration. This qualitative study explores the role of cultural and contextual factors that may impact the experience of NP evaluation in a sample of Xhosa-speaking South African adults. Participant interviews explored the context from which individuals arrived at the NP assessment (e.g., quality of education, understanding of cognitive disorders), and their experience of completing NP tests. Method This qualitative study used data from semistructured interviews to conduct a thematic analysis exploring contextual factors and the experience of completing NP tests for the first time among Xhosa-speaking South African adults (N = 22). Results: Although no participants had prior experience with NP testing, most found testing procedures acceptable. Most participants, however, reported a limited understanding of the purpose of NP testing and cognitive problems. Additionally, some participants reported perceptions and attitudes that could affect test performance, such as misinterpreting standard testing procedures (e.g., no feedback from the examiner, being stopped mid-task) as indicative of poor performance. Conclusions This study provided much needed exploration into unique cultural factors that may impact the experience of NP assessment in South Africa, which could bias test performance and interpretation, and may aid the field of cross-cultural NP in better serving culturally and linguistically diverse populations. In these countries, neuropsychologists may need to actively evaluate participants’ understanding of NP testing to help foster optimal assessment conditions. They may also need to educate participants on possible causes of cognitive disorders.
Related Topics
Concepts
Xhosa
Psychology
Context (archaeology)
Thematic analysis
Qualitative research
Cultural diversity
Test (biology)
Affect (linguistics)
Developmental psychology
Qualitative property
Cognition
Applied psychology
Clinical psychology
Social psychology
Sociology
Geography
Psychiatry
Social science
Paleontology
Computer science
Machine learning
Anthropology
Biology
Linguistics
Communication
Archaeology
Philosophy
Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acaa115
- https://academic.oup.com/acn/article-pdf/36/6/976/40122613/acaa115.pdf
- OA Status
- bronze
- Cited By
- 11
- References
- 88
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W3107633306
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W3107633306Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acaa115Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Taking the Test: A Qualitative Analysis of Cultural and Contextual Factors Impacting Neuropsychological Assessment of Xhosa-Speaking South AfricansWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2020Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2020-10-29Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Maral Aghvinian, Anthony F. Santoro, Hetta Gouse, John A. Joska, Teboho Linda, Kevin G. F. Thomas, Reuben N. RobbinsList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acaa115Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://academic.oup.com/acn/article-pdf/36/6/976/40122613/acaa115.pdfDirect link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
bronzeOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://academic.oup.com/acn/article-pdf/36/6/976/40122613/acaa115.pdfDirect OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Xhosa, Psychology, Context (archaeology), Thematic analysis, Qualitative research, Cultural diversity, Test (biology), Affect (linguistics), Developmental psychology, Qualitative property, Cognition, Applied psychology, Clinical psychology, Social psychology, Sociology, Geography, Psychiatry, Social science, Paleontology, Computer science, Machine learning, Anthropology, Biology, Linguistics, Communication, Archaeology, PhilosophyTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
11Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 2, 2024: 1, 2023: 2, 2022: 4, 2021: 2Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
88Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W3107633306 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acaa115 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acaa115 |
| ids.mag | 3107633306 |
| ids.pmid | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33236088 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W3107633306 |
| fwci | 1.54966129 |
| mesh[0].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[0].descriptor_ui | D000328 |
| mesh[0].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[0].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[0].descriptor_name | Adult |
| mesh[1].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[1].descriptor_ui | D044383 |
| mesh[1].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[1].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[1].descriptor_name | Black People |
| mesh[2].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[2].descriptor_ui | D003072 |
| mesh[2].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[2].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[2].descriptor_name | Cognition Disorders |
| mesh[3].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[3].descriptor_ui | D004522 |
| mesh[3].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[3].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[3].descriptor_name | Educational Status |
| mesh[4].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[4].descriptor_ui | D006801 |
| mesh[4].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[4].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[4].descriptor_name | Humans |
| mesh[5].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[5].descriptor_ui | D009483 |
| mesh[5].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[5].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[5].descriptor_name | Neuropsychological Tests |
| mesh[6].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[6].descriptor_ui | D013019 |
| mesh[6].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[6].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[6].descriptor_name | South Africa |
| mesh[7].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[7].descriptor_ui | D000328 |
| mesh[7].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[7].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[7].descriptor_name | Adult |
| mesh[8].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[8].descriptor_ui | D044383 |
| mesh[8].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[8].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[8].descriptor_name | Black People |
| mesh[9].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[9].descriptor_ui | D003072 |
| mesh[9].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[9].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[9].descriptor_name | Cognition Disorders |
| mesh[10].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[10].descriptor_ui | D004522 |
| mesh[10].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[10].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[10].descriptor_name | Educational Status |
| mesh[11].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[11].descriptor_ui | D006801 |
| mesh[11].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[11].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[11].descriptor_name | Humans |
| mesh[12].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[12].descriptor_ui | D009483 |
| mesh[12].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[12].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[12].descriptor_name | Neuropsychological Tests |
| mesh[13].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[13].descriptor_ui | D013019 |
| mesh[13].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[13].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[13].descriptor_name | South Africa |
| type | article |
| title | Taking the Test: A Qualitative Analysis of Cultural and Contextual Factors Impacting Neuropsychological Assessment of Xhosa-Speaking South Africans |
| biblio.issue | 6 |
| biblio.volume | 36 |
| biblio.last_page | 980 |
| biblio.first_page | 976 |
| grants[0].funder | https://openalex.org/F4320337346 |
| grants[0].award_id | |
| grants[0].funder_display_name | National Institute of Mental Health |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T10009 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Medicine |
| topics[0].score | 0.9872000217437744 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2738 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Psychiatry and Mental health |
| topics[0].display_name | Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T10465 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/28 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Neuroscience |
| topics[1].score | 0.9724000096321106 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/1 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Life Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2805 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Cognitive Neuroscience |
| topics[1].display_name | Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T11577 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/32 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Psychology |
| topics[2].score | 0.9519000053405762 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/2 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Social Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/3205 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Experimental and Cognitive Psychology |
| topics[2].display_name | Cognitive Abilities and Testing |
| funders[0].id | https://openalex.org/F4320337346 |
| funders[0].ror | https://ror.org/04xeg9z08 |
| funders[0].display_name | National Institute of Mental Health |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list.value | 4416 |
| apc_list.currency | USD |
| apc_list.value_usd | 4416 |
| apc_paid | |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C2777578687 |
| concepts[0].level | 2 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.8651430606842041 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13218 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Xhosa |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C15744967 |
| concepts[1].level | 0 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.6344563961029053 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Psychology |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C2779343474 |
| concepts[2].level | 2 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.5715473294258118 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Context (archaeology) |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C74196892 |
| concepts[3].level | 3 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.5045114755630493 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7781188 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Thematic analysis |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C190248442 |
| concepts[4].level | 2 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.49187374114990234 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Qualitative research |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C125209646 |
| concepts[5].level | 2 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.4655649662017822 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1338878 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Cultural diversity |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C2777267654 |
| concepts[6].level | 2 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.4616827368736267 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Test (biology) |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C2776035688 |
| concepts[7].level | 2 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.44456782937049866 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1606558 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Affect (linguistics) |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C138496976 |
| concepts[8].level | 1 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.4329332113265991 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Developmental psychology |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C87156501 |
| concepts[9].level | 2 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.4200860559940338 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268708 |
| concepts[9].display_name | Qualitative property |
| concepts[10].id | https://openalex.org/C169900460 |
| concepts[10].level | 2 |
| concepts[10].score | 0.41334348917007446 |
| concepts[10].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417 |
| concepts[10].display_name | Cognition |
| concepts[11].id | https://openalex.org/C75630572 |
| concepts[11].level | 1 |
| concepts[11].score | 0.36087366938591003 |
| concepts[11].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904 |
| concepts[11].display_name | Applied psychology |
| concepts[12].id | https://openalex.org/C70410870 |
| concepts[12].level | 1 |
| concepts[12].score | 0.3545282483100891 |
| concepts[12].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906 |
| concepts[12].display_name | Clinical psychology |
| concepts[13].id | https://openalex.org/C77805123 |
| concepts[13].level | 1 |
| concepts[13].score | 0.3447376787662506 |
| concepts[13].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272 |
| concepts[13].display_name | Social psychology |
| concepts[14].id | https://openalex.org/C144024400 |
| concepts[14].level | 0 |
| concepts[14].score | 0.097776859998703 |
| concepts[14].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201 |
| concepts[14].display_name | Sociology |
| concepts[15].id | https://openalex.org/C205649164 |
| concepts[15].level | 0 |
| concepts[15].score | 0.097227543592453 |
| concepts[15].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071 |
| concepts[15].display_name | Geography |
| concepts[16].id | https://openalex.org/C118552586 |
| concepts[16].level | 1 |
| concepts[16].score | 0.09186521172523499 |
| concepts[16].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867 |
| concepts[16].display_name | Psychiatry |
| concepts[17].id | https://openalex.org/C36289849 |
| concepts[17].level | 1 |
| concepts[17].score | 0.08808761835098267 |
| concepts[17].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749 |
| concepts[17].display_name | Social science |
| concepts[18].id | https://openalex.org/C151730666 |
| concepts[18].level | 1 |
| concepts[18].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[18].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205 |
| concepts[18].display_name | Paleontology |
| concepts[19].id | https://openalex.org/C41008148 |
| concepts[19].level | 0 |
| concepts[19].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[19].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198 |
| concepts[19].display_name | Computer science |
| concepts[20].id | https://openalex.org/C119857082 |
| concepts[20].level | 1 |
| concepts[20].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[20].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539 |
| concepts[20].display_name | Machine learning |
| concepts[21].id | https://openalex.org/C19165224 |
| concepts[21].level | 1 |
| concepts[21].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[21].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404 |
| concepts[21].display_name | Anthropology |
| concepts[22].id | https://openalex.org/C86803240 |
| concepts[22].level | 0 |
| concepts[22].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[22].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420 |
| concepts[22].display_name | Biology |
| concepts[23].id | https://openalex.org/C41895202 |
| concepts[23].level | 1 |
| concepts[23].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[23].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162 |
| concepts[23].display_name | Linguistics |
| concepts[24].id | https://openalex.org/C46312422 |
| concepts[24].level | 1 |
| concepts[24].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[24].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024 |
| concepts[24].display_name | Communication |
| concepts[25].id | https://openalex.org/C166957645 |
| concepts[25].level | 1 |
| concepts[25].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[25].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498 |
| concepts[25].display_name | Archaeology |
| concepts[26].id | https://openalex.org/C138885662 |
| concepts[26].level | 0 |
| concepts[26].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[26].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891 |
| concepts[26].display_name | Philosophy |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/xhosa |
| keywords[0].score | 0.8651430606842041 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Xhosa |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology |
| keywords[1].score | 0.6344563961029053 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Psychology |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/context |
| keywords[2].score | 0.5715473294258118 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Context (archaeology) |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/thematic-analysis |
| keywords[3].score | 0.5045114755630493 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Thematic analysis |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/qualitative-research |
| keywords[4].score | 0.49187374114990234 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Qualitative research |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/cultural-diversity |
| keywords[5].score | 0.4655649662017822 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Cultural diversity |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/test |
| keywords[6].score | 0.4616827368736267 |
| keywords[6].display_name | Test (biology) |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/affect |
| keywords[7].score | 0.44456782937049866 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Affect (linguistics) |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/developmental-psychology |
| keywords[8].score | 0.4329332113265991 |
| keywords[8].display_name | Developmental psychology |
| keywords[9].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/qualitative-property |
| keywords[9].score | 0.4200860559940338 |
| keywords[9].display_name | Qualitative property |
| keywords[10].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition |
| keywords[10].score | 0.41334348917007446 |
| keywords[10].display_name | Cognition |
| keywords[11].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-psychology |
| keywords[11].score | 0.36087366938591003 |
| keywords[11].display_name | Applied psychology |
| keywords[12].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-psychology |
| keywords[12].score | 0.3545282483100891 |
| keywords[12].display_name | Clinical psychology |
| keywords[13].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology |
| keywords[13].score | 0.3447376787662506 |
| keywords[13].display_name | Social psychology |
| keywords[14].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology |
| keywords[14].score | 0.097776859998703 |
| keywords[14].display_name | Sociology |
| keywords[15].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/geography |
| keywords[15].score | 0.097227543592453 |
| keywords[15].display_name | Geography |
| keywords[16].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/psychiatry |
| keywords[16].score | 0.09186521172523499 |
| keywords[16].display_name | Psychiatry |
| keywords[17].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/social-science |
| keywords[17].score | 0.08808761835098267 |
| keywords[17].display_name | Social science |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.1093/arclin/acaa115 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S13265631 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 0887-6177, 1873-5843 |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 0887-6177 |
| locations[0].source.is_core | True |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[0].source.display_name | Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310311648 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | Oxford University Press |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310311648 |
| locations[0].license | |
| locations[0].pdf_url | https://academic.oup.com/acn/article-pdf/36/6/976/40122613/acaa115.pdf |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acaa115 |
| locations[1].id | pmid:33236088 |
| locations[1].is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306525036 |
| locations[1].source.issn | |
| locations[1].source.type | repository |
| locations[1].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.issn_l | |
| locations[1].source.is_core | False |
| locations[1].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[1].source.display_name | PubMed |
| locations[1].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].license | |
| locations[1].pdf_url | |
| locations[1].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[1].raw_type | |
| locations[1].license_id | |
| locations[1].is_accepted | True |
| locations[1].is_published | True |
| locations[1].raw_source_name | Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists |
| locations[1].landing_page_url | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33236088 |
| locations[2].id | pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8521926 |
| locations[2].is_oa | True |
| locations[2].source.id | https://openalex.org/S2764455111 |
| locations[2].source.issn | |
| locations[2].source.type | repository |
| locations[2].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[2].source.issn_l | |
| locations[2].source.is_core | False |
| locations[2].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[2].source.display_name | PubMed Central |
| locations[2].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[2].license | |
| locations[2].pdf_url | |
| locations[2].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[2].raw_type | Text |
| locations[2].license_id | |
| locations[2].is_accepted | False |
| locations[2].is_published | False |
| locations[2].raw_source_name | Arch Clin Neuropsychol |
| locations[2].landing_page_url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8521926 |
| indexed_in | crossref, pubmed |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5009387687 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Maral Aghvinian |
| authorships[0].countries | US |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I164389053 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Psychology, Fordham University, New York City, NY, USA |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I164389053 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03qnxaf80 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I164389053 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | US |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | Fordham University |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Maral Aghvinian |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Psychology, Fordham University, New York City, NY, USA |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5043460359 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5738-0735 |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Anthony F. Santoro |
| authorships[1].countries | US |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I33086117, https://openalex.org/I4388891851, https://openalex.org/I78577930 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, Columbia University and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City, NY, USA |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4388891851 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04aqjf708 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4388891851 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | New York State Psychiatric Institute |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I78577930 |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/00hj8s172 |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].type | education |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I78577930 |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].country_code | US |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].display_name | Columbia University |
| authorships[1].institutions[2].id | https://openalex.org/I33086117 |
| authorships[1].institutions[2].ror | https://ror.org/05azenf09 |
| authorships[1].institutions[2].type | other |
| authorships[1].institutions[2].lineage | https://openalex.org/I33086117 |
| authorships[1].institutions[2].country_code | US |
| authorships[1].institutions[2].display_name | New York Psychoanalytic Society and Institute |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Anthony F Santoro |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, Columbia University and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City, NY, USA |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5037440341 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7885-8363 |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Hetta Gouse |
| authorships[2].countries | ZA |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I157614274 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | HIV Mental Health Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I157614274 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03p74gp79 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I157614274 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | ZA |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | University of Cape Town |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Hetta Gouse |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | HIV Mental Health Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5070358573 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4260-1181 |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | John A. Joska |
| authorships[3].countries | ZA |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I157614274 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | HIV Mental Health Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I157614274 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03p74gp79 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I157614274 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code | ZA |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name | University of Cape Town |
| authorships[3].author_position | middle |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | John A Joska |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings | HIV Mental Health Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa |
| authorships[4].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5029201473 |
| authorships[4].author.orcid | |
| authorships[4].author.display_name | Teboho Linda |
| authorships[4].countries | ZA |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I157614274 |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | HIV Mental Health Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I157614274 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03p74gp79 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I157614274 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].country_code | ZA |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].display_name | University of Cape Town |
| authorships[4].author_position | middle |
| authorships[4].raw_author_name | Teboho Linda |
| authorships[4].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[4].raw_affiliation_strings | HIV Mental Health Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa |
| authorships[5].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5002380326 |
| authorships[5].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0807-6101 |
| authorships[5].author.display_name | Kevin G. F. Thomas |
| authorships[5].countries | ZA |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I157614274 |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | ACSENT Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I157614274 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03p74gp79 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I157614274 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].country_code | ZA |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].display_name | University of Cape Town |
| authorships[5].author_position | middle |
| authorships[5].raw_author_name | Kevin G F Thomas |
| authorships[5].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[5].raw_affiliation_strings | ACSENT Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa |
| authorships[6].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5078487246 |
| authorships[6].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0774-2245 |
| authorships[6].author.display_name | Reuben N. Robbins |
| authorships[6].countries | US |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I33086117, https://openalex.org/I4388891851, https://openalex.org/I78577930 |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, Columbia University and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City, NY, USA |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4388891851 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04aqjf708 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4388891851 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].country_code | |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].display_name | New York State Psychiatric Institute |
| authorships[6].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I78577930 |
| authorships[6].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/00hj8s172 |
| authorships[6].institutions[1].type | education |
| authorships[6].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I78577930 |
| authorships[6].institutions[1].country_code | US |
| authorships[6].institutions[1].display_name | Columbia University |
| authorships[6].institutions[2].id | https://openalex.org/I33086117 |
| authorships[6].institutions[2].ror | https://ror.org/05azenf09 |
| authorships[6].institutions[2].type | other |
| authorships[6].institutions[2].lineage | https://openalex.org/I33086117 |
| authorships[6].institutions[2].country_code | US |
| authorships[6].institutions[2].display_name | New York Psychoanalytic Society and Institute |
| authorships[6].author_position | last |
| authorships[6].raw_author_name | Reuben N Robbins |
| authorships[6].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[6].raw_affiliation_strings | HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, Columbia University and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City, NY, USA |
| has_content.pdf | True |
| has_content.grobid_xml | True |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://academic.oup.com/acn/article-pdf/36/6/976/40122613/acaa115.pdf |
| open_access.oa_status | bronze |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | Taking the Test: A Qualitative Analysis of Cultural and Contextual Factors Impacting Neuropsychological Assessment of Xhosa-Speaking South Africans |
| has_fulltext | True |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T10009 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Medicine |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9872000217437744 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2738 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Psychiatry and Mental health |
| primary_topic.display_name | Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W2899084033, https://openalex.org/W2748952813, https://openalex.org/W2023277482, https://openalex.org/W2059244200, https://openalex.org/W3184992248, https://openalex.org/W2796180820, https://openalex.org/W2122515533, https://openalex.org/W3135433936, https://openalex.org/W4285585579, https://openalex.org/W3190255641 |
| cited_by_count | 11 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2025 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 2 |
| counts_by_year[1].year | 2024 |
| counts_by_year[1].cited_by_count | 1 |
| counts_by_year[2].year | 2023 |
| counts_by_year[2].cited_by_count | 2 |
| counts_by_year[3].year | 2022 |
| counts_by_year[3].cited_by_count | 4 |
| counts_by_year[4].year | 2021 |
| counts_by_year[4].cited_by_count | 2 |
| locations_count | 3 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.1093/arclin/acaa115 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S13265631 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | 0887-6177, 1873-5843 |
| best_oa_location.source.type | journal |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | False |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | 0887-6177 |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | True |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310311648 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | Oxford University Press |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310311648 |
| best_oa_location.license | |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | https://academic.oup.com/acn/article-pdf/36/6/976/40122613/acaa115.pdf |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acaa115 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.1093/arclin/acaa115 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S13265631 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 0887-6177, 1873-5843 |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | False |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 0887-6177 |
| primary_location.source.is_core | True |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| primary_location.source.display_name | Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310311648 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | Oxford University Press |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310311648 |
| primary_location.license | |
| primary_location.pdf_url | https://academic.oup.com/acn/article-pdf/36/6/976/40122613/acaa115.pdf |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acaa115 |
| publication_date | 2020-10-29 |
| publication_year | 2020 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W2156758085, https://openalex.org/W2161978768, https://openalex.org/W2619002516, https://openalex.org/W3035248788, https://openalex.org/W2333766557, https://openalex.org/W2107473211, https://openalex.org/W38308510, https://openalex.org/W2000808937, https://openalex.org/W2023290421, https://openalex.org/W6633124663, https://openalex.org/W2030534060, https://openalex.org/W6664856762, https://openalex.org/W2100485980, https://openalex.org/W2914868419, https://openalex.org/W1971764524, https://openalex.org/W2133674686, https://openalex.org/W2070270414, https://openalex.org/W2067083447, https://openalex.org/W1985024849, https://openalex.org/W1976770755, https://openalex.org/W6774227010, https://openalex.org/W2139905170, https://openalex.org/W3017357689, https://openalex.org/W1575807251, https://openalex.org/W1990310675, https://openalex.org/W3033651600, https://openalex.org/W4242290973, https://openalex.org/W2052913442, https://openalex.org/W2944394003, https://openalex.org/W2029409717, https://openalex.org/W1979820213, https://openalex.org/W2336000508, https://openalex.org/W2171731066, https://openalex.org/W2163429658, https://openalex.org/W2031722179, https://openalex.org/W2002066181, https://openalex.org/W2271634742, https://openalex.org/W4247651065, https://openalex.org/W2505456312, https://openalex.org/W2582830505, https://openalex.org/W2980051054, https://openalex.org/W2144234115, https://openalex.org/W2171961611, https://openalex.org/W2050814904, https://openalex.org/W2124028685, https://openalex.org/W2116029803, https://openalex.org/W2114947100, https://openalex.org/W2119110970, https://openalex.org/W2108130787, https://openalex.org/W6635891668, https://openalex.org/W2076401735, https://openalex.org/W2170594921, https://openalex.org/W2942594787, https://openalex.org/W6744064148, https://openalex.org/W2014923323, https://openalex.org/W2024610864, https://openalex.org/W2293607885, https://openalex.org/W2051554426, https://openalex.org/W2037862914, https://openalex.org/W1984410175, https://openalex.org/W2120540825, https://openalex.org/W2077893909, https://openalex.org/W2516960889, https://openalex.org/W6786887845, https://openalex.org/W1974294929, https://openalex.org/W2140406459, https://openalex.org/W2165980097, https://openalex.org/W2100245485, https://openalex.org/W2613819993, https://openalex.org/W2521340683, https://openalex.org/W2151506602, https://openalex.org/W2127490257, https://openalex.org/W3009697203, https://openalex.org/W1598114800, https://openalex.org/W1520963653, https://openalex.org/W2182076634, https://openalex.org/W1557498546, https://openalex.org/W2492754690, https://openalex.org/W2968272580, https://openalex.org/W2304532821, https://openalex.org/W2588363293, https://openalex.org/W2089240845, https://openalex.org/W2056919156, https://openalex.org/W2593448249, https://openalex.org/W2028954902, https://openalex.org/W3112247702, https://openalex.org/W2751209392, https://openalex.org/W2090369677 |
| referenced_works_count | 88 |
| abstract_inverted_index.= | 160 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 91, 137, 181 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(N | 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.In | 36, 270 |
| abstract_inverted_index.NP | 34, 59, 88, 109, 124, 148, 170, 188, 242, 261, 282 |
| abstract_inverted_index.an | 4 |
| abstract_inverted_index.as | 42, 206, 220 |
| abstract_inverted_index.at | 107 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 62, 90, 244, 262 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 3, 65 |
| abstract_inverted_index.no | 164, 212 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 58, 77, 87, 93, 113, 116, 122, 146, 184, 187, 222, 241, 259, 281, 300 |
| abstract_inverted_index.on | 297 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 7, 135, 276, 284, 294 |
| abstract_inverted_index.aid | 256 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 15, 22, 47, 67, 79, 119, 143, 190, 198, 252, 254, 266 |
| abstract_inverted_index.for | 19, 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.had | 166 |
| abstract_inverted_index.may | 29, 54, 83, 237, 255, 274, 291 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 56, 75, 85, 101, 108, 144, 151, 185, 215, 239, 257 |
| abstract_inverted_index.who | 28 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(NP) | 10 |
| abstract_inverted_index.22). | 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Most | 177 |
| abstract_inverted_index.They | 290 |
| abstract_inverted_index.This | 71, 127, 226 |
| abstract_inverted_index.also | 292 |
| abstract_inverted_index.area | 64 |
| abstract_inverted_index.bias | 249 |
| abstract_inverted_index.data | 131 |
| abstract_inverted_index.from | 26, 103, 132, 214 |
| abstract_inverted_index.have | 30 |
| abstract_inverted_index.help | 285 |
| abstract_inverted_index.into | 232 |
| abstract_inverted_index.make | 8 |
| abstract_inverted_index.more | 12 |
| abstract_inverted_index.most | 172 |
| abstract_inverted_index.much | 229 |
| abstract_inverted_index.need | 6, 275, 293 |
| abstract_inverted_index.poor | 223 |
| abstract_inverted_index.role | 76 |
| abstract_inverted_index.some | 194 |
| abstract_inverted_index.such | 41, 205 |
| abstract_inverted_index.test | 203, 250 |
| abstract_inverted_index.that | 82, 200, 236 |
| abstract_inverted_index.this | 63 |
| abstract_inverted_index.time | 153 |
| abstract_inverted_index.used | 130 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 33, 38, 169 |
| abstract_inverted_index.South | 43, 95, 156, 245 |
| abstract_inverted_index.There | 2 |
| abstract_inverted_index.among | 154 |
| abstract_inverted_index.being | 217 |
| abstract_inverted_index.could | 201, 248 |
| abstract_inverted_index.field | 258 |
| abstract_inverted_index.first | 152 |
| abstract_inverted_index.found | 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.prior | 167 |
| abstract_inverted_index.study | 73, 129, 227 |
| abstract_inverted_index.tests | 149 |
| abstract_inverted_index.their | 120 |
| abstract_inverted_index.these | 271 |
| abstract_inverted_index.which | 104, 247 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(e.g., | 50, 111, 211 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Method | 126 |
| abstract_inverted_index.adults | 158 |
| abstract_inverted_index.affect | 202 |
| abstract_inverted_index.better | 263 |
| abstract_inverted_index.causes | 299 |
| abstract_inverted_index.foster | 286 |
| abstract_inverted_index.impact | 55, 84, 238 |
| abstract_inverted_index.needed | 230 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sample | 92 |
| abstract_inverted_index.tests. | 125 |
| abstract_inverted_index.unique | 45, 233 |
| abstract_inverted_index.urgent | 5 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Africa, | 44, 246 |
| abstract_inverted_index.African | 96, 157 |
| abstract_inverted_index.adults. | 97 |
| abstract_inverted_index.arrived | 106 |
| abstract_inverted_index.conduct | 136 |
| abstract_inverted_index.context | 102 |
| abstract_inverted_index.diverse | 24, 268 |
| abstract_inverted_index.educate | 295 |
| abstract_inverted_index.factors | 49, 81, 142, 235 |
| abstract_inverted_index.further | 69 |
| abstract_inverted_index.limited | 39, 66, 182 |
| abstract_inverted_index.optimal | 287 |
| abstract_inverted_index.purpose | 186 |
| abstract_inverted_index.quality | 112 |
| abstract_inverted_index.serving | 264 |
| abstract_inverted_index.stopped | 218 |
| abstract_inverted_index.testing | 11, 174, 189, 209, 283 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Abstract | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Although | 163 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Research | 61 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Results: | 162 |
| abstract_inverted_index.actively | 277 |
| abstract_inverted_index.analysis | 139 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cultural | 46, 78, 234 |
| abstract_inverted_index.evaluate | 278 |
| abstract_inverted_index.explored | 100 |
| abstract_inverted_index.explores | 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.feedback | 213 |
| abstract_inverted_index.however, | 179 |
| abstract_inverted_index.possible | 298 |
| abstract_inverted_index.poverty) | 53 |
| abstract_inverted_index.provided | 228 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reported | 180, 196 |
| abstract_inverted_index.requires | 68 |
| abstract_inverted_index.salient, | 17 |
| abstract_inverted_index.settings | 37 |
| abstract_inverted_index.standard | 208 |
| abstract_inverted_index.testing, | 171 |
| abstract_inverted_index.testing. | 35 |
| abstract_inverted_index.thematic | 138 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Objective | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.attitudes | 199 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cognitive | 117, 191, 301 |
| abstract_inverted_index.countries | 27 |
| abstract_inverted_index.examiner, | 216 |
| abstract_inverted_index.exploring | 140 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mid-task) | 219 |
| abstract_inverted_index.problems. | 192 |
| abstract_inverted_index.resources | 40 |
| abstract_inverted_index.assessment | 110, 243, 288 |
| abstract_inverted_index.completing | 123, 147 |
| abstract_inverted_index.contextual | 48, 80, 141 |
| abstract_inverted_index.countries, | 272 |
| abstract_inverted_index.culturally | 16, 265 |
| abstract_inverted_index.disorders. | 302 |
| abstract_inverted_index.education, | 114 |
| abstract_inverted_index.evaluation | 89 |
| abstract_inverted_index.experience | 32, 57, 86, 121, 145, 168, 240 |
| abstract_inverted_index.indicative | 221 |
| abstract_inverted_index.interviews | 99, 134 |
| abstract_inverted_index.procedures | 175, 210 |
| abstract_inverted_index.structural | 51 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Conclusions | 225 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Participant | 98 |
| abstract_inverted_index.acceptable, | 13 |
| abstract_inverted_index.acceptable. | 176 |
| abstract_inverted_index.accessible, | 14 |
| abstract_inverted_index.conditions. | 289 |
| abstract_inverted_index.culturally, | 20 |
| abstract_inverted_index.disorders), | 118 |
| abstract_inverted_index.evaluation. | 60 |
| abstract_inverted_index.exploration | 231 |
| abstract_inverted_index.individuals | 25, 105 |
| abstract_inverted_index.inequality, | 52 |
| abstract_inverted_index.perceptions | 197 |
| abstract_inverted_index.performance | 251 |
| abstract_inverted_index.qualitative | 72, 128 |
| abstract_inverted_index.exploration. | 70 |
| abstract_inverted_index.little-to-no | 31 |
| abstract_inverted_index.participants | 165, 195, 296 |
| abstract_inverted_index.particularly | 18 |
| abstract_inverted_index.performance, | 204 |
| abstract_inverted_index.performance. | 224 |
| abstract_inverted_index.populations. | 269 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Additionally, | 193 |
| abstract_inverted_index.participants, | 178 |
| abstract_inverted_index.understanding | 115, 183, 280 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Xhosa-speaking | 94, 155 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cross-cultural | 260 |
| abstract_inverted_index.educationally, | 21 |
| abstract_inverted_index.linguistically | 23, 267 |
| abstract_inverted_index.semistructured | 133 |
| abstract_inverted_index.interpretation, | 253 |
| abstract_inverted_index.misinterpreting | 207 |
| abstract_inverted_index.participants’ | 279 |
| abstract_inverted_index.neuropsychological | 9 |
| abstract_inverted_index.neuropsychologists | 273 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 97 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 90 |
| countries_distinct_count | 2 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 7 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.7900000214576721 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | No poverty |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.79336213 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | False |