The association of childhood HDL cholesterol with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease events in adults: findings from the International Childhood Cardiovascular Cohort Consortium Article Swipe
Jing Wang
,
Noora Kartiosuo
,
Olli T. Raitakari
,
Jorma Viikari
,
Markus Juonala
,
Lydia Bazzano
,
Alan R. Sinaiko
,
Julia Steinberger
,
Stephen R. Daniels
,
Alison Venn
,
Costan G. Magnussen
,
Jessica G. Woo
,
Rema Ramakrishnan
,
Elaine M. Urbina
,
Mika Kähönen
,
David R. Jacobs
,
Terence Dwyer
·
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf117
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf117
Aims The role of adult HDL-C in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) faces challenges from Mendelian randomizations and drug trials. However, the association between childhood HDL-C and its changes and adult ASCVD remains undefined. This study aimed to determine this association. Methods and results Participants: Children in the International Childhood Cardiovascular Cohort (i3C) Consortium with childhood HDL-C and adult ASCVD follow-up. Age- and sex-standardized HDL-C z-scores were calculated for childhood (3–19 years), early childhood (3–11 years), and adolescence (12–19 years); low HDL-C defined as <1.03 mmol/L; participants classified as consistently normal, low to normal, normal to low, and consistently low based on HDL-C status at early childhood and adolescence. ASCVD events: Identified using self-reports adjudicated by medical records or death registries. Analysis: Cox proportional hazards models quantified the associations between childhood HDL-C and adult ASCVD. The study included 38 589 participants (49.7% males, mean age in 2016: 46.4 years) with 779 ASCVD and 784 imputed ASCVD events. After adjusting for sex, cohort, age, and HDL-C measurement year, higher HDL-C z-scores in childhood, early childhood, and adolescence were associated with lower adult ASCVD risk [hazard ratio (HR): 0.81–0.82], with the lowest risk at HDL-C > 1.50 mmol/L. Normal to low [HR 1.38, 95% confidence intervaI (CI) 1.04–1.82] and consistently low (HR 1.94, 95% CI 1.45–2.63) childhood HDL-C increased adult ASCVD risk compared to consistently normal HDL-C. Adjusting for body mass index and triglycerides weakened these associations. Conclusion Childhood and adolescent HDL-C were prospectively and inversely associated with adult ASCVD, suggesting that low HDL-C could be a risk marker of adult ASCVD. Future replications, mechanistic studies, and Mendelian randomizations on childhood HDL-C may clarify its causal effects on adult ASCVD. Lay summary We examined the association between childhood HDL-C measurement and adult atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) at follow-up in data from the International Childhood Cardiovascular Cohort (i3C) Consortium. Higher HDL-C levels in childhood were associated with lower risk of a ASCVD event, irrespective of age (early childhood vs. adolescence). The lowest risk was observed at HDL-C concentrations of around and above 1.50 mmol/L (58 mg/dL). A decrease in HDL-C from early childhood to adolescence was associated with an increased risk of adult ASCVD. When additionally adjusted for body mass index z-score, attenuated associations were noted. Adding triglycerides to models attenuated associations towards null.
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Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf117
- https://academic.oup.com/eurjpc/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf117/62278283/zwaf117.pdf
- OA Status
- bronze
- Cited By
- 4
- References
- 39
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4408221005
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
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https://openalex.org/W4408221005Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf117Digital Object Identifier
- Title
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The association of childhood HDL cholesterol with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease events in adults: findings from the International Childhood Cardiovascular Cohort ConsortiumWork title
- Type
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articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
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enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2025Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2025-03-05Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Jing Wang, Noora Kartiosuo, Olli T. Raitakari, Jorma Viikari, Markus Juonala, Lydia Bazzano, Alan R. Sinaiko, Julia Steinberger, Stephen R. Daniels, Alison Venn, Costan G. Magnussen, Jessica G. Woo, Rema Ramakrishnan, Elaine M. Urbina, Mika Kähönen, David R. Jacobs, Terence DwyerList of authors in order
- Landing page
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https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf117Publisher landing page
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https://academic.oup.com/eurjpc/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf117/62278283/zwaf117.pdfDirect link to full text PDF
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YesWhether a free full text is available
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bronzeOpen access status per OpenAlex
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https://academic.oup.com/eurjpc/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf117/62278283/zwaf117.pdfDirect OA link when available
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Medicine, Cohort, Cohort study, Ldl cholesterol, Association (psychology), Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, Cholesterol, Pediatrics, Internal medicine, Disease, Epistemology, PhilosophyTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
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4Total citation count in OpenAlex
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2025: 4Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
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39Number of works referenced by this work
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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| primary_location.pdf_url | https://academic.oup.com/eurjpc/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf117/62278283/zwaf117.pdf |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | European Journal of Preventive Cardiology |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf117 |
| publication_date | 2025-03-05 |
| publication_year | 2025 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W2094768566, https://openalex.org/W2145813488, https://openalex.org/W2048760408, https://openalex.org/W1973355122, https://openalex.org/W4394013736, https://openalex.org/W6670404188, https://openalex.org/W1973775329, https://openalex.org/W1995174439, https://openalex.org/W2073374742, https://openalex.org/W1807577609, https://openalex.org/W2016255613, https://openalex.org/W2105495585, https://openalex.org/W4226406062, https://openalex.org/W2800573693, https://openalex.org/W2739873817, https://openalex.org/W2032908038, https://openalex.org/W3014676790, https://openalex.org/W2100772265, https://openalex.org/W2171444347, https://openalex.org/W2771072808, https://openalex.org/W2202651232, https://openalex.org/W2794153191, https://openalex.org/W2021973571, https://openalex.org/W2214138091, https://openalex.org/W1967178573, https://openalex.org/W2109429564, https://openalex.org/W2799272041, https://openalex.org/W2135140382, https://openalex.org/W2606324234, https://openalex.org/W1981808433, https://openalex.org/W2030157055, https://openalex.org/W2296190881, https://openalex.org/W2920963632, https://openalex.org/W2168680123, https://openalex.org/W2143353089, https://openalex.org/W2020040555, https://openalex.org/W3089415871, https://openalex.org/W2168517524, https://openalex.org/W2809221032 |
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