The C-terminal SUMOylation-dependent regulation of αKNL2 governs its centromere targeting and interaction with CENH3 Article Swipe
Manikandan Kalidass
,
Jitka Vaculíková
,
Jothipriya Ramakrishnan Chandra
,
Barbora Králová
,
Venkata Ganesh Jarubula
,
Sevim D. Kara Öztürk
,
Dmitri Demidov
,
Veit Schubert
,
David Potěšil
,
Jan Paleček
,
Inna Lermontová
·
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.08.18.670863
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.08.18.670863
The centromere is a specialized domain that facilitates chromosome segregation during mitosis and serves as the site for kinetochore formation. KINETOCHORE NULL2 (αKNL2) is essential for the recognition and loading of the centromeric histone H3 variant, CENH3, to centromeres. A yeast two-hybrid screen for αKNL2 interactors identified components of the SUMOylation pathway. However, the role of αKNL2 SUMOylation in Arabidopsis has not yet been determined. In this study, we demonstrated that the C-terminal part of αKNL2 interacts with SUMO3 and ULP1d, as shown by BiFC and co-immunoprecipitation assays. Bioinformatic and functional analysis identified three SUMOylation and two SUMO-interacting motif (SIM) sites in the C-terminal region of αKNL2, which are critical for growth, fertility, and chromosome alignment. Of the three SUMOylation sites, Lys474 and Lys511 were the most critical for the centromeric localization of αKNL2, underscoring the importance of αKNL2 SUMOylation for its function. Additionally, both in vitro and in vivo assays showed that αKNL2-C undergoes SUMOylation by SUMO1 or SUMO3. The SUMO protease mutant, ulp1d-2 led to the slight accumulation of SUMOylated αKNL2 in Arabidopsis. We further showed that SUMOylation of αKNL2 promotes its binding to CENH3 and controls protein stability. Our findings show that C-terminal SUMOylation of αKNL2 is crucial for its centromeric localization, interaction with CENH3, and kinetochore assembly, emphasizing the significance of post-translational modifications in chromosome segregation and cell division in plants.
Related Topics
Concepts
Centromere
SUMO protein
Terminal (telecommunication)
Cell biology
Biology
Computer science
Chemistry
Genetics
Telecommunications
Chromosome
Ubiquitin
Gene
Metadata
- Type
- preprint
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.08.18.670863
- https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2025/08/21/2025.08.18.670863.full.pdf
- OA Status
- green
- References
- 66
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4413389291
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
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https://openalex.org/W4413389291Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.08.18.670863Digital Object Identifier
- Title
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The C-terminal SUMOylation-dependent regulation of αKNL2 governs its centromere targeting and interaction with CENH3Work title
- Type
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preprintOpenAlex work type
- Language
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enPrimary language
- Publication year
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2025Year of publication
- Publication date
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2025-08-21Full publication date if available
- Authors
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Manikandan Kalidass, Jitka Vaculíková, Jothipriya Ramakrishnan Chandra, Barbora Králová, Venkata Ganesh Jarubula, Sevim D. Kara Öztürk, Dmitri Demidov, Veit Schubert, David Potěšil, Jan Paleček, Inna LermontováList of authors in order
- Landing page
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https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.08.18.670863Publisher landing page
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https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2025/08/21/2025.08.18.670863.full.pdfDirect link to full text PDF
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YesWhether a free full text is available
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greenOpen access status per OpenAlex
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https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2025/08/21/2025.08.18.670863.full.pdfDirect OA link when available
- Concepts
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Centromere, SUMO protein, Terminal (telecommunication), Cell biology, Biology, Computer science, Chemistry, Genetics, Telecommunications, Chromosome, Ubiquitin, GeneTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
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0Total citation count in OpenAlex
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66Number of works referenced by this work
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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