The effect of aromatherapy and music therapy on blood pressure and heart rate of nursing students before taking the exam Article Swipe
Tara Borzoo
,
Mahsa Tafazoli
,
Mona Ebrahimzadeh
,
Hadi Kazemi-Arpanahi
,
Raha Tabahfar
,
Naser Kamyari
,
Ferdos Hadideh
,
Seyed Mohammad Ali Malaekeh
·
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-97199-6
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-97199-6
Anxiety associated with taking exams jeopardizes students' mental and physical health. Complementary alternative methods, such as aromatherapy and music therapy, have shown promise in reducing negative emotions among students. However, few studies have examined the effects of these interventions. This study aimed to investigate the effects of aromatherapy and music therapy on nursing students' blood pressure (BP) and heart rate before taking an exam. This quasi-experimental, double-blinded study was conducted in 2023 at the Nursing College of Abadan University of Medical Sciences in Abadan, Iran. The research included a total of 169 nursing students, who were randomly assigned to three groups: an aromatherapy group (n = 60), a music therapy group (n = 56), and a control group (n = 53). Aromatherapy was administered by inhaling lavender and damask rose essences, while music therapy involved listening to Beethoven's "Moonlight Sonata." The control group received a placebo intervention consisting of cotton soaked in 10 drops of water. Each intervention lasted twenty minutes and was conducted in separate rooms before an exam. Students' heart rates and BP (both systolic and diastolic) were recorded before and after the intervention. The study showed remarkable effects of aromatherapy and music therapy on blood pressure and pulse rate. While systolic blood pressure (SBP) was similar in all groups at the beginning of the study (p = 0.205), SBP decreased significantly after the intervention (p = 0.016), especially in the aromatherapy (p = 0.003) and music therapy (p < 0.001) groups. Both interventions also significantly reduced diastolic blood pressure and pulse rate (p < 0.001) compared to baseline. However, except for SBP (p = 0.021), ANCOVA tests did not reveal significant differences between the study groups for diastolic blood pressure and pulse rate (p > 0.05). The reduction in students' systolic BP before exams, observed with complementary therapies like music therapy and aromatherapy using lavender and damask rose extracts, suggests a decrease in stress-related physiological responses, However, the specific link to exam-related anxiety requires further clarification.
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Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-97199-6
- https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-97199-6.pdf
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 2
- References
- 26
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4409440213
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
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https://openalex.org/W4409440213Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-97199-6Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
The effect of aromatherapy and music therapy on blood pressure and heart rate of nursing students before taking the examWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2025Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2025-04-14Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Tara Borzoo, Mahsa Tafazoli, Mona Ebrahimzadeh, Hadi Kazemi-Arpanahi, Raha Tabahfar, Naser Kamyari, Ferdos Hadideh, Seyed Mohammad Ali MalaekehList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-97199-6Publisher landing page
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https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-97199-6.pdfDirect link to full text PDF
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YesWhether a free full text is available
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-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
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https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-97199-6.pdfDirect OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Aromatherapy, Heart rate, Blood pressure, Music therapy, Medicine, Physical therapy, Nursing, Cardiology, Psychology, Alternative medicine, Internal medicine, PathologyTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
2Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
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2025: 2Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
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26Number of works referenced by this work
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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