The Influence of Local Microstructure Inhomogeneities on Local Drying Kinetics during Freeze-Drying Article Swipe
Sebastian Gruber
,
Maximilian Thomik
,
Nicole Vorhauer-Huget
,
Lukas Hans
,
Evangelos Tsotsas
,
Petra Foerst
·
YOU?
·
· 2022
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14102132
YOU?
·
· 2022
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14102132
Freeze-drying is a gentle drying technique to dry high value products, such as pharmaceuticals, without impacting the quality of the product. However, this method is very time and cost intensive. It is known that larger pores reduce the duration of primary drying due to facilitated mass transport. However, next to the pore size, other structural parameters exist whose influence on drying kinetics is still unknown. Therefore, the aim of this article is to investigate the influence of the microstructure (pore size, shape and orientation) on local primary drying kinetics. In the study, freeze-drying experiments on maltodextrin and sucrose solutions (c1 = 0.05 and c2 = 0.15 w/w) were carried out in a lyomicroscope. Two-dimensional images were recorded during the whole drying process and in the dry state and analyzed on the movement of the sublimation front, pore size, orientation and shape. Different microstructures were created by using different freezing parameters, namely two different cooling rates and solid concentrations. It could be shown that for pores with a high aspect ratio, the pore orientation was more important for the drying kinetics than the pore size, while for pores with a lower aspect ratio the pore size was the decisive parameter.
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Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14102132
- https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/14/10/2132/pdf?version=1666749878
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 8
- References
- 34
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4303961792
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Raw OpenAlex JSON
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https://openalex.org/W4303961792Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14102132Digital Object Identifier
- Title
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The Influence of Local Microstructure Inhomogeneities on Local Drying Kinetics during Freeze-DryingWork title
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articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
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enPrimary language
- Publication year
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2022Year of publication
- Publication date
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2022-10-07Full publication date if available
- Authors
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Sebastian Gruber, Maximilian Thomik, Nicole Vorhauer-Huget, Lukas Hans, Evangelos Tsotsas, Petra FoerstList of authors in order
- Landing page
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https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14102132Publisher landing page
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https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/14/10/2132/pdf?version=1666749878Direct link to full text PDF
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YesWhether a free full text is available
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goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
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https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/14/10/2132/pdf?version=1666749878Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
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Sublimation (psychology), Microstructure, Kinetics, Freeze-drying, Maltodextrin, Materials science, Chemical engineering, Mass transfer, Supercooling, Composite material, Chemistry, Thermodynamics, Spray drying, Chromatography, Psychotherapist, Quantum mechanics, Psychology, Physics, EngineeringTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
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8Total citation count in OpenAlex
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2025: 3, 2024: 4, 2023: 1Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
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34Number of works referenced by this work
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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