The integration of developmental signals during root procambial patterning in Arabidopsis thaliana Article Swipe
The vascular system of plants functions as a transportation route for water, nutrients and signaling molecules while also forming a support structure and generating most of the radial growth by increasing the number of cell files through periclinal cell divisions. These features have transformed life on Earth by enabling plants to colonize land and grow larger. In mature plants, the conductive tissues xylem and phloem are produced from stem cells in the vascular cambium, which develops from the procambium formed during early development. The vascular cylinder of the Arabidopsis root comprises a central xylem axis with a peripheral phloem pole on either side and procambial cells located between the xylem and phloem. Formation of the vascular pattern requires high auxin and cytokinin signaling domains in the xylem and phloem/procambium positions, respectively. However, the gene regulatory network acting downstream of these hormonal cues has remained unknown. \nI investigated procambium patterning in the Arabidopsis root. Our research group discovered that radial growth is activated in the peripheral phloem domain by six mobile DOF transcription factors that we named PHLOEM EARLY DOF (PEAR) proteins, consisting of PEAR1, PEAR2, and their four homologues. PEAR proteins form an inverse concentration gradient to the HD-ZIP III transcription factors, which inhibit periclinal cell divisions in the central domain partially by inhibiting the movement of PEAR proteins. HD-ZIP III expression is promoted by auxin in the xylem axis and inhibited by endodermis-derived mobile microRNA165/166 in the periphery. The PEAR and HD-ZIP III genes form a feedback loop in which the PEAR proteins promote HD-ZIP III transcription while the HD-ZIP IIIs inhibit PEAR transcription and protein movement. The PEAR-HD-ZIP III regulatory module decodes hormonal and microRNA signals to result in the formation of a highly active peripheral zone and a more quiescent central zone during procambium development. We also determined that a member of the DOF family, DOF2.1, acts downstream of TARGET OF MONOPTEROS 5/LONESOME HIGHWAY-dependent cytokinin biosynthesis to regulate periclinal cell divisions in the outer procambial cells in contact with the xylem axis. Together, PEAR and DOF2.1 proteins control all of the periclinal divisions in the procambium through their activity in partially distinct domains. \nWe also identified SUPPRESSOR OF MAX2 1-LIKE 3 (SMXL3), a member of SMXL subclade 2 which is expressed in the early phloem and procambium cells, as a putative direct target of PEAR2 that is sufficient to promote periclinal divisions. Characterization of SMXL subclade 2 identified SMXL3, 4 and 5 as essential regulators of phloem formation that act very early in development and thus are required for all aspects of phloem development. Phloem specification requires periclinal divisions in the procambium. SMXL3, 4 and 5 act in both the periclinal divisions and phloem specification in a partially redundant manner. Furthermore, analysis of regulators downstream of the PEARs revealed that they not only promote cell proliferation but also specify the identity of the surrounding cells non-cell autonomously, including procambial and phloem pole pericycle identity. \nOur work highlights the importance of cell-to-cell communication in plant development. The interaction of mobile hormones, transcription factors and microRNAs originating from different tissues is required to coordinate developmental processes in the vascular cylinder. We have assembled the most complete understanding to date of the regulatory network coordinating procambial development and have identified the protophloem sieve elements as the organizers of radial growth during the early stages of vascular development in the Arabidopsis root. These findings can potentially be used to increase yields in forestry and agriculture.
Related Topics
Concepts
Arabidopsis thaliana
Biology
Arabidopsis
Root (linguistics)
Botany
Genetics
Gene
Mutant
Linguistics
Philosophy
Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- http://hdl.handle.net/10138/303926
- http://hdl.handle.net/10138/303926
- OA Status
- green
- Related Works
- 20
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W2957439731
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
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https://openalex.org/W2957439731Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- Title
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The integration of developmental signals during root procambial patterning in Arabidopsis thalianaWork title
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articleOpenAlex work type
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enPrimary language
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2019Year of publication
- Publication date
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2019-06-07Full publication date if available
- Authors
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Iris SevilemList of authors in order
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https://hdl.handle.net/10138/303926Publisher landing page
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https://hdl.handle.net/10138/303926Direct link to full text PDF
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YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
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greenOpen access status per OpenAlex
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https://hdl.handle.net/10138/303926Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
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Arabidopsis thaliana, Biology, Arabidopsis, Root (linguistics), Botany, Genetics, Gene, Mutant, Linguistics, PhilosophyTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
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0Total citation count in OpenAlex
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20Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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| abstract_inverted_index.auxin | 119, 225 |
| abstract_inverted_index.axis. | 334 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cells | 69, 105, 328, 477 |
| abstract_inverted_index.early | 81, 376, 414, 551 |
| abstract_inverted_index.files | 35 |
| abstract_inverted_index.genes | 244 |
| abstract_inverted_index.group | 155 |
| abstract_inverted_index.named | 175 |
| abstract_inverted_index.outer | 326 |
| abstract_inverted_index.plant | 495 |
| abstract_inverted_index.root. | 152, 559 |
| abstract_inverted_index.route | 9 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sieve | 541 |
| abstract_inverted_index.their | 186, 350 |
| abstract_inverted_index.these | 139 |
| abstract_inverted_index.which | 74, 202, 250, 371 |
| abstract_inverted_index.while | 16, 258 |
| abstract_inverted_index.xylem | 62, 93, 109, 126, 228, 333 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(PEAR) | 179 |
| abstract_inverted_index.1-LIKE | 362 |
| abstract_inverted_index.DOF2.1 | 338 |
| abstract_inverted_index.HD-ZIP | 198, 219, 242, 255, 260 |
| abstract_inverted_index.PEAR1, | 183 |
| abstract_inverted_index.PEAR2, | 184 |
| abstract_inverted_index.PHLOEM | 176 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Phloem | 427 |
| abstract_inverted_index.SMXL3, | 401, 435 |
| abstract_inverted_index.TARGET | 312 |
| abstract_inverted_index.acting | 136 |
| abstract_inverted_index.active | 286 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cells, | 380 |
| abstract_inverted_index.direct | 384 |
| abstract_inverted_index.domain | 166, 210 |
| abstract_inverted_index.during | 80, 295, 549 |
| abstract_inverted_index.either | 101 |
| abstract_inverted_index.formed | 79 |
| abstract_inverted_index.growth | 28, 159, 548 |
| abstract_inverted_index.highly | 285 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mature | 57 |
| abstract_inverted_index.member | 303, 366 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mobile | 169, 234, 500 |
| abstract_inverted_index.module | 272 |
| abstract_inverted_index.number | 32 |
| abstract_inverted_index.phloem | 64, 98, 165, 377, 409, 425, 446, 483 |
| abstract_inverted_index.plants | 4, 49 |
| abstract_inverted_index.radial | 27, 158, 547 |
| abstract_inverted_index.result | 279 |
| abstract_inverted_index.stages | 552 |
| abstract_inverted_index.system | 2 |
| abstract_inverted_index.target | 385 |
| abstract_inverted_index.water, | 11 |
| abstract_inverted_index.yields | 568 |
| abstract_inverted_index.DOF2.1, | 308 |
| abstract_inverted_index.aspects | 423 |
| abstract_inverted_index.between | 107 |
| abstract_inverted_index.central | 92, 209, 293 |
| abstract_inverted_index.contact | 330 |
| abstract_inverted_index.control | 340 |
| abstract_inverted_index.decodes | 273 |
| abstract_inverted_index.domains | 123 |
| abstract_inverted_index.factors | 172, 503 |
| abstract_inverted_index.family, | 307 |
| abstract_inverted_index.forming | 18 |
| abstract_inverted_index.inhibit | 203, 262 |
| abstract_inverted_index.inverse | 193 |
| abstract_inverted_index.larger. | 55 |
| abstract_inverted_index.located | 106 |
| abstract_inverted_index.manner. | 452 |
| abstract_inverted_index.network | 135, 532 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pattern | 116 |
| abstract_inverted_index.phloem. | 111 |
| abstract_inverted_index.plants, | 58 |
| abstract_inverted_index.promote | 254, 392, 466 |
| abstract_inverted_index.protein | 266 |
| abstract_inverted_index.signals | 277 |
| abstract_inverted_index.specify | 471 |
| abstract_inverted_index.support | 20 |
| abstract_inverted_index.through | 36, 349 |
| abstract_inverted_index.tissues | 61, 509 |
| abstract_inverted_index. \nI | 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(SMXL3), | 364 |
| abstract_inverted_index.However, | 131 |
| abstract_inverted_index.activity | 351 |
| abstract_inverted_index.analysis | 454 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cambium, | 73 |
| abstract_inverted_index.colonize | 51 |
| abstract_inverted_index.complete | 525 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cylinder | 85 |
| abstract_inverted_index.develops | 75 |
| abstract_inverted_index.distinct | 354 |
| abstract_inverted_index.domains. | 355 |
| abstract_inverted_index.elements | 542 |
| abstract_inverted_index.enabling | 48 |
| abstract_inverted_index.factors, | 201 |
| abstract_inverted_index.features | 41 |
| abstract_inverted_index.feedback | 247 |
| abstract_inverted_index.findings | 561 |
| abstract_inverted_index.forestry | 570 |
| abstract_inverted_index.gradient | 195 |
| abstract_inverted_index.hormonal | 140, 274 |
| abstract_inverted_index.identity | 473 |
| abstract_inverted_index.increase | 567 |
| abstract_inverted_index.microRNA | 276 |
| abstract_inverted_index.movement | 215 |
| abstract_inverted_index.non-cell | 478 |
| abstract_inverted_index.produced | 66 |
| abstract_inverted_index.promoted | 223 |
| abstract_inverted_index.proteins | 190, 253, 339 |
| abstract_inverted_index.putative | 383 |
| abstract_inverted_index.regulate | 320 |
| abstract_inverted_index.remained | 143 |
| abstract_inverted_index.required | 420, 511 |
| abstract_inverted_index.requires | 117, 429 |
| abstract_inverted_index.research | 154 |
| abstract_inverted_index.revealed | 461 |
| abstract_inverted_index.subclade | 369, 398 |
| abstract_inverted_index.unknown. | 144 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vascular | 1, 72, 84, 115, 518, 554 |
| abstract_inverted_index. \nWe | 356 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Formation | 112 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Together, | 335 |
| abstract_inverted_index.activated | 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.assembled | 522 |
| abstract_inverted_index.comprises | 90 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cylinder. | 519 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cytokinin | 121, 317 |
| abstract_inverted_index.different | 508 |
| abstract_inverted_index.divisions | 206, 323, 345, 431, 444 |
| abstract_inverted_index.essential | 406 |
| abstract_inverted_index.expressed | 373 |
| abstract_inverted_index.formation | 282, 410 |
| abstract_inverted_index.functions | 5 |
| abstract_inverted_index.hormones, | 501 |
| abstract_inverted_index.including | 480 |
| abstract_inverted_index.inhibited | 231 |
| abstract_inverted_index.microRNAs | 505 |
| abstract_inverted_index.molecules | 15 |
| abstract_inverted_index.movement. | 267 |
| abstract_inverted_index.nutrients | 12 |
| abstract_inverted_index.partially | 211, 353, 450 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pericycle | 485 |
| abstract_inverted_index.processes | 515 |
| abstract_inverted_index.proteins, | 180 |
| abstract_inverted_index.proteins. | 218 |
| abstract_inverted_index.quiescent | 292 |
| abstract_inverted_index.redundant | 451 |
| abstract_inverted_index.signaling | 14, 122 |
| abstract_inverted_index.structure | 21 |
| abstract_inverted_index.5/LONESOME | 315 |
| abstract_inverted_index.MONOPTEROS | 314 |
| abstract_inverted_index.SUPPRESSOR | 359 |
| abstract_inverted_index.conductive | 60 |
| abstract_inverted_index.consisting | 181 |
| abstract_inverted_index.coordinate | 513 |
| abstract_inverted_index.determined | 300 |
| abstract_inverted_index.discovered | 156 |
| abstract_inverted_index.divisions. | 39, 394 |
| abstract_inverted_index.downstream | 137, 310, 457 |
| abstract_inverted_index.expression | 221 |
| abstract_inverted_index.generating | 23 |
| abstract_inverted_index.highlights | 488 |
| abstract_inverted_index.identified | 358, 400, 538 |
| abstract_inverted_index.importance | 490 |
| abstract_inverted_index.increasing | 30 |
| abstract_inverted_index.inhibiting | 213 |
| abstract_inverted_index.organizers | 545 |
| abstract_inverted_index.patterning | 148 |
| abstract_inverted_index.periclinal | 37, 204, 321, 344, 393, 430, 443 |
| abstract_inverted_index.peripheral | 97, 164, 287 |
| abstract_inverted_index.periphery. | 238 |
| abstract_inverted_index.positions, | 129 |
| abstract_inverted_index.procambial | 104, 327, 481, 534 |
| abstract_inverted_index.procambium | 78, 147, 296, 348, 379 |
| abstract_inverted_index.regulators | 407, 456 |
| abstract_inverted_index.regulatory | 134, 271, 531 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sufficient | 390 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Arabidopsis | 88, 151, 558 |
| abstract_inverted_index.PEAR-HD-ZIP | 269 |
| abstract_inverted_index.development | 416, 535, 555 |
| abstract_inverted_index.homologues. | 188 |
| abstract_inverted_index.interaction | 498 |
| abstract_inverted_index.originating | 506 |
| abstract_inverted_index.potentially | 563 |
| abstract_inverted_index.procambium. | 434 |
| abstract_inverted_index.protophloem | 540 |
| abstract_inverted_index.surrounding | 476 |
| abstract_inverted_index.transformed | 43 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Furthermore, | 453 |
| abstract_inverted_index.agriculture. | 572 |
| abstract_inverted_index.biosynthesis | 318 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cell-to-cell | 492 |
| abstract_inverted_index.coordinating | 533 |
| abstract_inverted_index.development. | 82, 297, 426, 496 |
| abstract_inverted_index.investigated | 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.autonomously, | 479 |
| abstract_inverted_index.communication | 493 |
| abstract_inverted_index.concentration | 194 |
| abstract_inverted_index.developmental | 514 |
| abstract_inverted_index.proliferation | 468 |
| abstract_inverted_index.respectively. | 130 |
| abstract_inverted_index.specification | 428, 447 |
| abstract_inverted_index.transcription | 171, 200, 257, 264, 502 |
| abstract_inverted_index.understanding | 526 |
| abstract_inverted_index.transportation | 8 |
| abstract_inverted_index.microRNA165/166 | 235 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Characterization | 395 |
| abstract_inverted_index.HIGHWAY-dependent | 316 |
| abstract_inverted_index.phloem/procambium | 128 |
| abstract_inverted_index.endodermis-derived | 233 |
| abstract_inverted_index.identity. \nOur | 486 |
| cited_by_percentile_year | |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5055723458 |
| countries_distinct_count | 0 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 1 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.699999988079071 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Zero hunger |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.034334 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | False |