The rule-based insensitivity effect: a systematic review Article Swipe
Ama Kissi
,
Colin Harte
,
Sean Hughes
,
Jan De Houwer
,
Geert Crombez
·
YOU?
·
· 2020
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9496
YOU?
·
· 2020
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9496
Background Adherence to inaccurate rules has been viewed as a characteristic of human rule-following (i.e., the rule-based insensitivity effect; RBIE) and has been thought to be exacerbated in individuals suffering from clinical conditions. This review intended to systematically examine these claims in adult populations. Methodology We screened 1464 records which resulted in 21 studies that were deemed eligible for inclusion. Each of these studies was examined to determine: (1) if there is evidence for the RBIE in adults and (2) if this effect is larger in those suffering from psychological problems compared to their non-suffering counterparts. In addition, we investigated how (3) different operationalizations of the RBIE, and (4) the external validity and risks of bias of the experimental work investigating this effect, might influence the conclusions that can be drawn from the current systematic review. Results (1) Out of the 20 studies that were relevant for examining if evidence exists for the RBIE in adults, only 11 were eligible for vote counting. Results showed that after the contingency change, the rule groups were more inclined to demonstrate behavior that was reinforced before the change, compared to their non-instructed counterparts. Critically, however, none of these studies examined if their no-instructions group was an adequate comparison group. As a result, this made it difficult to determine whether the effects that were observed in the rule groups could be attributed to the rules or instructions that were manipulated in those experiments. (2) The single study that was relevant for examining if adults suffering from psychological problems demonstrated larger levels of the RBIE, compared to their non-clinical counterparts, was not eligible for vote counting. As a result, no conclusions could be drawn about the extent to which psychological problems moderated the RBIE in that study. (3) Similar procedures and tasks have been used to examine the RBIE, but their precise parameters differ across studies; and (4) most studies report insufficient information to evaluate all relevant aspects affecting their external validity and risks of bias. Conclusions Despite the widespread appeal that the RBIE has enjoyed, this systematic review indicates that, at present, only preliminary evidence exists for the idea that adults demonstrate the RBIE and no evidence is available to assume that psychological problems exacerbate the RBIE in adults. The systematic review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42018088210).
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Metadata
- Type
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- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9496
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 9
- References
- 45
- Related Works
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- OpenAlex ID
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All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
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https://openalex.org/W3038060619Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
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https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9496Digital Object Identifier
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The rule-based insensitivity effect: a systematic reviewWork title
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reviewOpenAlex work type
- Language
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enPrimary language
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2020Year of publication
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2020-07-23Full publication date if available
- Authors
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Ama Kissi, Colin Harte, Sean Hughes, Jan De Houwer, Geert CrombezList of authors in order
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https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9496Publisher landing page
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YesWhether a free full text is available
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goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
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https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9496Direct OA link when available
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Psychology, Contingency, Inclusion (mineral), Clinical psychology, Meta-analysis, Cognitive psychology, Social psychology, Medicine, Philosophy, Internal medicine, LinguisticsTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
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9Total citation count in OpenAlex
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2025: 2, 2024: 1, 2023: 2, 2022: 1, 2021: 2Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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