The substantiveness of socioeconomic school compositional effects in Australia: measurement error and the relationship with academic composition Article Swipe
YOU?
·
· 2022
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40536-022-00142-8
This study examines the effect of school socioeconomic composition on student achievement growth in Australian schooling, and its relationship with academic composition utilising the National Assessment Program—Literacy and Numeracy (NAPLAN) dataset. Previous research has found that school composition predicts a range of schooling outcomes. A critique of school compositional research has been that measurement error may have biased findings of compositional effects. Prior studies have found that socioeconomic compositional effect sizes are small when models include academic composition. The relationship between socioeconomic and academic compositions has yet to be fully determined. Multi-level regressions and structural equation models were compared to estimate the degree of bias in socioeconomic compositional effects due to measurement error. Multi-level path models were used to test if academic composition mediated the relationship between socioeconomic composition and achievement growth. The results showed that measurement error did not bias compositional effects in the dataset, and academic composition mediates the relationship between socioeconomic composition and achievement growth. We argue that school value-add research should include academic composition to account for contextual effects. The socioeconomic compositional effect is of practical significance to policy makers and educational researchers due to its relative size compared to average student achievement growth. Potential reforms include ensuring public subsidies to private schools in Australia do not increase school segregation and the amelioration of the effects of residential segregation through school funding reforms.
Related Topics
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1186/s40536-022-00142-8
- https://largescaleassessmentsineducation.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40536-022-00142-8
- OA Status
- diamond
- Cited By
- 21
- References
- 74
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4309884917
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W4309884917Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40536-022-00142-8Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
The substantiveness of socioeconomic school compositional effects in Australia: measurement error and the relationship with academic compositionWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2022Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2022-11-23Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Michael G. Sciffer, Laura B. Perry, A. McConneyList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40536-022-00142-8Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://largescaleassessmentsineducation.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40536-022-00142-8Direct link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
diamondOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://largescaleassessmentsineducation.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40536-022-00142-8Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Socioeconomic status, Composition (language), Numeracy, Academic achievement, Psychology, Literacy, Econometrics, Demographic economics, Mathematics education, Demography, Mathematics, Sociology, Economics, Pedagogy, Population, Philosophy, LinguisticsTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
21Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 6, 2024: 9, 2023: 6Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
74Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W4309884917 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40536-022-00142-8 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40536-022-00142-8 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W4309884917 |
| fwci | 13.28705473 |
| type | article |
| title | The substantiveness of socioeconomic school compositional effects in Australia: measurement error and the relationship with academic composition |
| biblio.issue | 1 |
| biblio.volume | 10 |
| biblio.last_page | |
| biblio.first_page | |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T10674 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Social Sciences |
| topics[0].score | 0.9998000264167786 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/2 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Social Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/3304 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Education |
| topics[0].display_name | School Choice and Performance |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T11676 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Social Sciences |
| topics[1].score | 0.9944000244140625 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/2 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Social Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/3304 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Education |
| topics[1].display_name | Parental Involvement in Education |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T13532 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Social Sciences |
| topics[2].score | 0.9641000032424927 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/2 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Social Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/3304 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Education |
| topics[2].display_name | Education Systems and Policy |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list | |
| apc_paid | |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C147077947 |
| concepts[0].level | 3 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.864905595779419 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1515895 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Socioeconomic status |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C40231798 |
| concepts[1].level | 2 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.6893883347511292 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1333743 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Composition (language) |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C53537400 |
| concepts[2].level | 3 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.5500572323799133 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q140637 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Numeracy |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C2781206393 |
| concepts[3].level | 2 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.46504202485084534 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2748419 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Academic achievement |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C15744967 |
| concepts[4].level | 0 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.44604718685150146 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Psychology |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C547764534 |
| concepts[5].level | 2 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.4345601797103882 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8236 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Literacy |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C149782125 |
| concepts[6].level | 1 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.36691445112228394 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Econometrics |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C4249254 |
| concepts[7].level | 1 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.3270152509212494 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Demographic economics |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C145420912 |
| concepts[8].level | 1 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.3031770586967468 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Mathematics education |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C149923435 |
| concepts[9].level | 1 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.2569047808647156 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732 |
| concepts[9].display_name | Demography |
| concepts[10].id | https://openalex.org/C33923547 |
| concepts[10].level | 0 |
| concepts[10].score | 0.2349071204662323 |
| concepts[10].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395 |
| concepts[10].display_name | Mathematics |
| concepts[11].id | https://openalex.org/C144024400 |
| concepts[11].level | 0 |
| concepts[11].score | 0.2330329418182373 |
| concepts[11].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201 |
| concepts[11].display_name | Sociology |
| concepts[12].id | https://openalex.org/C162324750 |
| concepts[12].level | 0 |
| concepts[12].score | 0.2241363823413849 |
| concepts[12].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134 |
| concepts[12].display_name | Economics |
| concepts[13].id | https://openalex.org/C19417346 |
| concepts[13].level | 1 |
| concepts[13].score | 0.11610254645347595 |
| concepts[13].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922 |
| concepts[13].display_name | Pedagogy |
| concepts[14].id | https://openalex.org/C2908647359 |
| concepts[14].level | 2 |
| concepts[14].score | 0.07559153437614441 |
| concepts[14].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603 |
| concepts[14].display_name | Population |
| concepts[15].id | https://openalex.org/C138885662 |
| concepts[15].level | 0 |
| concepts[15].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[15].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891 |
| concepts[15].display_name | Philosophy |
| concepts[16].id | https://openalex.org/C41895202 |
| concepts[16].level | 1 |
| concepts[16].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[16].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162 |
| concepts[16].display_name | Linguistics |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/socioeconomic-status |
| keywords[0].score | 0.864905595779419 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Socioeconomic status |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/composition |
| keywords[1].score | 0.6893883347511292 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Composition (language) |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/numeracy |
| keywords[2].score | 0.5500572323799133 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Numeracy |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/academic-achievement |
| keywords[3].score | 0.46504202485084534 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Academic achievement |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology |
| keywords[4].score | 0.44604718685150146 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Psychology |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/literacy |
| keywords[5].score | 0.4345601797103882 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Literacy |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/econometrics |
| keywords[6].score | 0.36691445112228394 |
| keywords[6].display_name | Econometrics |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/demographic-economics |
| keywords[7].score | 0.3270152509212494 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Demographic economics |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education |
| keywords[8].score | 0.3031770586967468 |
| keywords[8].display_name | Mathematics education |
| keywords[9].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/demography |
| keywords[9].score | 0.2569047808647156 |
| keywords[9].display_name | Demography |
| keywords[10].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics |
| keywords[10].score | 0.2349071204662323 |
| keywords[10].display_name | Mathematics |
| keywords[11].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology |
| keywords[11].score | 0.2330329418182373 |
| keywords[11].display_name | Sociology |
| keywords[12].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/economics |
| keywords[12].score | 0.2241363823413849 |
| keywords[12].display_name | Economics |
| keywords[13].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/pedagogy |
| keywords[13].score | 0.11610254645347595 |
| keywords[13].display_name | Pedagogy |
| keywords[14].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/population |
| keywords[14].score | 0.07559153437614441 |
| keywords[14].display_name | Population |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.1186/s40536-022-00142-8 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S2736464149 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 2196-0739 |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 2196-0739 |
| locations[0].source.is_core | True |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | True |
| locations[0].source.display_name | Large-scale Assessments in Education |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310319965 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | Springer Nature |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310319965 |
| locations[0].license | cc-by |
| locations[0].pdf_url | https://largescaleassessmentsineducation.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40536-022-00142-8 |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | Large-scale Assessments in Education |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40536-022-00142-8 |
| locations[1].id | pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:73246a29758c4d56ba924b54921f315e |
| locations[1].is_oa | True |
| locations[1].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306401280 |
| locations[1].source.issn | |
| locations[1].source.type | repository |
| locations[1].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.issn_l | |
| locations[1].source.is_core | False |
| locations[1].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[1].source.display_name | DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) |
| locations[1].source.host_organization | |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_name | |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_lineage | |
| locations[1].license | cc-by-sa |
| locations[1].pdf_url | |
| locations[1].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[1].raw_type | article |
| locations[1].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa |
| locations[1].is_accepted | False |
| locations[1].is_published | False |
| locations[1].raw_source_name | Large-scale Assessments in Education, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-22 (2022) |
| locations[1].landing_page_url | https://doaj.org/article/73246a29758c4d56ba924b54921f315e |
| indexed_in | crossref, doaj |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5059208255 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2552-8840 |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Michael G. Sciffer |
| authorships[0].countries | AU |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I176790772 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Education Discipline, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I176790772 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00r4sry34 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I176790772 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | AU |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | Murdoch University |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Michael G. Sciffer |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | Education Discipline, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5050855143 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4252-2379 |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Laura B. Perry |
| authorships[1].countries | AU |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I176790772 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Education Discipline, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I176790772 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00r4sry34 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I176790772 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | AU |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | Murdoch University |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Laura B. Perry |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | Education Discipline, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5054449278 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7618-8829 |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | A. McConney |
| authorships[2].countries | AU |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I176790772 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Education Discipline, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I176790772 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00r4sry34 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I176790772 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | AU |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | Murdoch University |
| authorships[2].author_position | last |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Andrew McConney |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | Education Discipline, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia |
| has_content.pdf | True |
| has_content.grobid_xml | True |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://largescaleassessmentsineducation.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40536-022-00142-8 |
| open_access.oa_status | diamond |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | The substantiveness of socioeconomic school compositional effects in Australia: measurement error and the relationship with academic composition |
| has_fulltext | True |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-23T05:10:03.516525 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T10674 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/33 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Social Sciences |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9998000264167786 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/2 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Social Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/3304 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Education |
| primary_topic.display_name | School Choice and Performance |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W2013613704, https://openalex.org/W2123356852, https://openalex.org/W4206827338, https://openalex.org/W3204280609, https://openalex.org/W3149932597, https://openalex.org/W3138694619, https://openalex.org/W3124150325, https://openalex.org/W3156142644, https://openalex.org/W2952706838, https://openalex.org/W4391963890 |
| cited_by_count | 21 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2025 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 6 |
| counts_by_year[1].year | 2024 |
| counts_by_year[1].cited_by_count | 9 |
| counts_by_year[2].year | 2023 |
| counts_by_year[2].cited_by_count | 6 |
| locations_count | 2 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.1186/s40536-022-00142-8 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S2736464149 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | 2196-0739 |
| best_oa_location.source.type | journal |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | 2196-0739 |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | True |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | Large-scale Assessments in Education |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310319965 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | Springer Nature |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310319965 |
| best_oa_location.license | cc-by |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | https://largescaleassessmentsineducation.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40536-022-00142-8 |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | Large-scale Assessments in Education |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40536-022-00142-8 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.1186/s40536-022-00142-8 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S2736464149 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 2196-0739 |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 2196-0739 |
| primary_location.source.is_core | True |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| primary_location.source.display_name | Large-scale Assessments in Education |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310319965 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | Springer Nature |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310319965 |
| primary_location.license | cc-by |
| primary_location.pdf_url | https://largescaleassessmentsineducation.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40536-022-00142-8 |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | Large-scale Assessments in Education |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40536-022-00142-8 |
| publication_date | 2022-11-23 |
| publication_year | 2022 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W2095813712, https://openalex.org/W2884368271, https://openalex.org/W3033136286, https://openalex.org/W4236331034, https://openalex.org/W2013219536, https://openalex.org/W2023843461, https://openalex.org/W2046503518, https://openalex.org/W2123207321, https://openalex.org/W2810542258, https://openalex.org/W2601431597, https://openalex.org/W2604484029, https://openalex.org/W2027916858, https://openalex.org/W2054453425, https://openalex.org/W2078455576, https://openalex.org/W6636325157, https://openalex.org/W2083707758, https://openalex.org/W1548950847, https://openalex.org/W2154391279, https://openalex.org/W2552175152, https://openalex.org/W2075045477, https://openalex.org/W2283320980, https://openalex.org/W2105214646, https://openalex.org/W4205434806, https://openalex.org/W2139367278, https://openalex.org/W1502001937, https://openalex.org/W2089390255, https://openalex.org/W4200581745, https://openalex.org/W2163995972, https://openalex.org/W2054154729, https://openalex.org/W3096528093, https://openalex.org/W1973839900, https://openalex.org/W3196064003, https://openalex.org/W2108998562, https://openalex.org/W2002415544, https://openalex.org/W2141946069, https://openalex.org/W2008408350, https://openalex.org/W2026177863, https://openalex.org/W2098716744, https://openalex.org/W4255591583, https://openalex.org/W4236701215, https://openalex.org/W3211891815, https://openalex.org/W4213077393, https://openalex.org/W4239197977, https://openalex.org/W4233721855, https://openalex.org/W4239429787, https://openalex.org/W4232801221, https://openalex.org/W4249644466, https://openalex.org/W2075945561, https://openalex.org/W2155883601, https://openalex.org/W2060064535, https://openalex.org/W2085471211, https://openalex.org/W1857231446, https://openalex.org/W2154849467, https://openalex.org/W2164860026, https://openalex.org/W2331159362, https://openalex.org/W2111297405, https://openalex.org/W2124596021, https://openalex.org/W4237106708, https://openalex.org/W2995339045, https://openalex.org/W2154432918, https://openalex.org/W2009903379, https://openalex.org/W4200400974, https://openalex.org/W2139340376, https://openalex.org/W2903384986, https://openalex.org/W2499817843, https://openalex.org/W1987767320, https://openalex.org/W1980513201, https://openalex.org/W2063039492, https://openalex.org/W2165031426, https://openalex.org/W77903994, https://openalex.org/W1610612296, https://openalex.org/W1575508257, https://openalex.org/W2158672897, https://openalex.org/W4302329942 |
| referenced_works_count | 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.A | 45 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 40 |
| abstract_inverted_index.We | 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.be | 89 |
| abstract_inverted_index.do | 210 |
| abstract_inverted_index.if | 121 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 14, 106, 144, 208 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 178 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 6, 42, 47, 60, 104, 179, 218, 221 |
| abstract_inverted_index.on | 10 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 88, 100, 111, 119, 169, 182, 189, 194, 205 |
| abstract_inverted_index.The | 79, 133, 174 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 17, 28, 83, 94, 130, 147, 156, 185, 215 |
| abstract_inverted_index.are | 72 |
| abstract_inverted_index.did | 139 |
| abstract_inverted_index.due | 110, 188 |
| abstract_inverted_index.for | 171 |
| abstract_inverted_index.has | 34, 51, 86 |
| abstract_inverted_index.its | 18, 190 |
| abstract_inverted_index.may | 56 |
| abstract_inverted_index.not | 140, 211 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 4, 24, 102, 125, 145, 151, 216, 219 |
| abstract_inverted_index.yet | 87 |
| abstract_inverted_index.This | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.been | 52 |
| abstract_inverted_index.bias | 105, 141 |
| abstract_inverted_index.have | 57, 65 |
| abstract_inverted_index.path | 115 |
| abstract_inverted_index.size | 192 |
| abstract_inverted_index.test | 120 |
| abstract_inverted_index.that | 36, 53, 67, 136, 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.used | 118 |
| abstract_inverted_index.were | 98, 117 |
| abstract_inverted_index.when | 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 20 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Prior | 63 |
| abstract_inverted_index.argue | 160 |
| abstract_inverted_index.error | 55, 138 |
| abstract_inverted_index.found | 35, 66 |
| abstract_inverted_index.fully | 90 |
| abstract_inverted_index.range | 41 |
| abstract_inverted_index.sizes | 71 |
| abstract_inverted_index.small | 73 |
| abstract_inverted_index.study | 2 |
| abstract_inverted_index.biased | 58 |
| abstract_inverted_index.degree | 103 |
| abstract_inverted_index.effect | 5, 70, 177 |
| abstract_inverted_index.error. | 113 |
| abstract_inverted_index.growth | 13 |
| abstract_inverted_index.makers | 184 |
| abstract_inverted_index.models | 75, 97, 116 |
| abstract_inverted_index.policy | 183 |
| abstract_inverted_index.public | 203 |
| abstract_inverted_index.school | 7, 37, 48, 162, 213, 225 |
| abstract_inverted_index.should | 165 |
| abstract_inverted_index.showed | 135 |
| abstract_inverted_index.account | 170 |
| abstract_inverted_index.average | 195 |
| abstract_inverted_index.between | 81, 127, 153 |
| abstract_inverted_index.effects | 109, 143, 220 |
| abstract_inverted_index.funding | 226 |
| abstract_inverted_index.growth. | 132, 158, 198 |
| abstract_inverted_index.include | 76, 166, 201 |
| abstract_inverted_index.private | 206 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reforms | 200 |
| abstract_inverted_index.results | 134 |
| abstract_inverted_index.schools | 207 |
| abstract_inverted_index.student | 11, 196 |
| abstract_inverted_index.studies | 64 |
| abstract_inverted_index.through | 224 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(NAPLAN) | 30 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Abstract | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.National | 25 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Numeracy | 29 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Previous | 32 |
| abstract_inverted_index.academic | 21, 77, 84, 122, 148, 167 |
| abstract_inverted_index.compared | 99, 193 |
| abstract_inverted_index.critique | 46 |
| abstract_inverted_index.dataset, | 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.dataset. | 31 |
| abstract_inverted_index.effects. | 62, 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ensuring | 202 |
| abstract_inverted_index.equation | 96 |
| abstract_inverted_index.estimate | 101 |
| abstract_inverted_index.examines | 3 |
| abstract_inverted_index.findings | 59 |
| abstract_inverted_index.increase | 212 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mediated | 124 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mediates | 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.predicts | 39 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reforms. | 227 |
| abstract_inverted_index.relative | 191 |
| abstract_inverted_index.research | 33, 50, 164 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Australia | 209 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Potential | 199 |
| abstract_inverted_index.outcomes. | 44 |
| abstract_inverted_index.practical | 180 |
| abstract_inverted_index.schooling | 43 |
| abstract_inverted_index.subsidies | 204 |
| abstract_inverted_index.utilising | 23 |
| abstract_inverted_index.value-add | 163 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Assessment | 26 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Australian | 15 |
| abstract_inverted_index.contextual | 172 |
| abstract_inverted_index.schooling, | 16 |
| abstract_inverted_index.structural | 95 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Multi-level | 92, 114 |
| abstract_inverted_index.achievement | 12, 131, 157, 197 |
| abstract_inverted_index.composition | 9, 22, 38, 123, 129, 149, 155, 168 |
| abstract_inverted_index.determined. | 91 |
| abstract_inverted_index.educational | 186 |
| abstract_inverted_index.measurement | 54, 112, 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.regressions | 93 |
| abstract_inverted_index.researchers | 187 |
| abstract_inverted_index.residential | 222 |
| abstract_inverted_index.segregation | 214, 223 |
| abstract_inverted_index.amelioration | 217 |
| abstract_inverted_index.composition. | 78 |
| abstract_inverted_index.compositions | 85 |
| abstract_inverted_index.relationship | 19, 80, 126, 152 |
| abstract_inverted_index.significance | 181 |
| abstract_inverted_index.compositional | 49, 61, 69, 108, 142, 176 |
| abstract_inverted_index.socioeconomic | 8, 68, 82, 107, 128, 154, 175 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Program—Literacy | 27 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 99 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 98 |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5059208255 |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 3 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I176790772 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.8899999856948853 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Quality Education |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.98770306 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | True |