The Synergistic Relationship Between Atrial Fibrillation and Diabetes Mellitus: Implications for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health Article Swipe

PDF

Maryam Mohsin , Hafiz Zeyad , Hareem Khalid , Abubakar Gapizov , Ruqiya Bibi , Yashkumar Girdharlal Kamani , Ahmed Rashid , Muhammad Usman Shams , Faizan Khalid , Syeda Khan , Muhammad Waqas , Anzal Ishfaq , Ayele H Kebede , Muhammad Subhan ·

YOU? · · 2023 · Open Access · · DOI: https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.45881

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and atrial fibrillation (AF) are widespread chronic conditions that profoundly impact public health. While the intricate mechanisms linking these two diseases remain incompletely understood, this review sets out to comprehensively analyze the current evidence about their pathophysiology, epidemiology, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. We reveal that T2DM can influence the electrical and structural properties of the atria through multiple pathways, including oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis, connexin remodeling, glycemic variability, and autonomic dysfunction. Moreover, it significantly influences AF's clinical course, elevating the risk of heart failure, stroke, and cardiovascular mortality. Our review also explores treatment options for individuals with T2DM and AF, encompassing antidiabetic and antiarrhythmic drugs and non-pharmacological interventions, such as cardioversion catheter ablation and direct current cardioversion. This review depicts an insight into the clinical interplay between T2DM and AF. It deepens our comprehension of the fundamental mechanisms, potential therapeutic interventions, and their implications for patient care. This comprehensive resource benefits researchers seeking to deepen their knowledge in this domain. Ultimately, our findings pave the way for more effective strategies in managing AF within the context of T2DM.

Related Topics

Concepts

Medicine Atrial fibrillation Context (archaeology) Intensive care medicine Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Catheter ablation Diabetes mellitus Heart failure Psychological intervention Cardioversion Glycemic Cardiology Internal medicine Psychiatry Biology Paleontology Endocrinology

Metadata

Type: review
Language: en
Landing Page: https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.45881
PDF: https://assets.cureus.com/uploads/review_article/pdf/185076/20230925-18371-vf8uqs.pdf
OA Status: diamond
Cited By: 7
References: 62
Related Works: 10
OpenAlex ID: https://openalex.org/W4387023960

All OpenAlex metadata

Raw OpenAlex JSON

OpenAlex ID: https://openalex.org/W4387023960

Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.45881

Digital Object Identifier
Title: The Synergistic Relationship Between Atrial Fibrillation and Diabetes Mellitus: Implications for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health

Work title
Type: review

OpenAlex work type
Language: en

Primary language
Publication year: 2023

Year of publication
Publication date: 2023-09-24

Full publication date if available
Authors: Maryam Mohsin, Hafiz Zeyad, Hareem Khalid, Abubakar Gapizov, Ruqiya Bibi, Yashkumar Girdharlal Kamani, Ahmed Rashid, Muhammad Usman Shams, Faizan Khalid, Syeda Khan, Muhammad Waqas, Anzal Ishfaq, Ayele H Kebede, Muhammad Subhan

List of authors in order
Landing page: https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.45881

Publisher landing page
PDF URL: https://assets.cureus.com/uploads/review_article/pdf/185076/20230925-18371-vf8uqs.pdf

Direct link to full text PDF
Open access: Yes

Whether a free full text is available
OA status: diamond

Open access status per OpenAlex
OA URL: https://assets.cureus.com/uploads/review_article/pdf/185076/20230925-18371-vf8uqs.pdf

Direct OA link when available
Concepts: Medicine, Atrial fibrillation, Context (archaeology), Intensive care medicine, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Catheter ablation, Diabetes mellitus, Heart failure, Psychological intervention, Cardioversion, Glycemic, Cardiology, Internal medicine, Psychiatry, Biology, Paleontology, Endocrinology

Top concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
Cited by: 7

Total citation count in OpenAlex
Citations by year (recent): 2025: 3, 2024: 4

Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
References (count): 62

Number of works referenced by this work
Related works (count): 10

Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex

Full payload

id	https://openalex.org/W4387023960
doi	https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.45881
ids.doi	https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.45881
ids.openalex	https://openalex.org/W4387023960
fwci	2.35001816
type	review
title	The Synergistic Relationship Between Atrial Fibrillation and Diabetes Mellitus: Implications for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health
biblio.issue
biblio.volume
biblio.last_page
biblio.first_page
topics[0].id	https://openalex.org/T10065
topics[0].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/27
topics[0].field.display_name	Medicine
topics[0].score	0.9995999932289124
topics[0].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/4
topics[0].domain.display_name	Health Sciences
topics[0].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/2705
topics[0].subfield.display_name	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
topics[0].display_name	Atrial Fibrillation Management and Outcomes
topics[1].id	https://openalex.org/T10372
topics[1].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/27
topics[1].field.display_name	Medicine
topics[1].score	0.960099995136261
topics[1].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/4
topics[1].domain.display_name	Health Sciences
topics[1].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/2741
topics[1].subfield.display_name	Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
topics[1].display_name	Cardiac Imaging and Diagnostics
topics[2].id	https://openalex.org/T11217
topics[2].field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/27
topics[2].field.display_name	Medicine
topics[2].score	0.9423999786376953
topics[2].domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/4
topics[2].domain.display_name	Health Sciences
topics[2].subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/2705
topics[2].subfield.display_name	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
topics[2].display_name	Cardiac Arrhythmias and Treatments
is_xpac	False
apc_list
apc_paid
concepts[0].id	https://openalex.org/C71924100
concepts[0].level	0
concepts[0].score	0.9466472864151001
concepts[0].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190
concepts[0].display_name	Medicine
concepts[1].id	https://openalex.org/C2779161974
concepts[1].level	2
concepts[1].score	0.7906372547149658
concepts[1].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815819
concepts[1].display_name	Atrial fibrillation
concepts[2].id	https://openalex.org/C2779343474
concepts[2].level	2
concepts[2].score	0.6166727542877197
concepts[2].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175
concepts[2].display_name	Context (archaeology)
concepts[3].id	https://openalex.org/C177713679
concepts[3].level	1
concepts[3].score	0.5931987762451172
concepts[3].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690
concepts[3].display_name	Intensive care medicine
concepts[4].id	https://openalex.org/C2910068830
concepts[4].level	3
concepts[4].score	0.5767133235931396
concepts[4].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3025883
concepts[4].display_name	Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
concepts[5].id	https://openalex.org/C2776131983
concepts[5].level	3
concepts[5].score	0.5638226866722107
concepts[5].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q436572
concepts[5].display_name	Catheter ablation
concepts[6].id	https://openalex.org/C555293320
concepts[6].level	2
concepts[6].score	0.514602780342102
concepts[6].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206
concepts[6].display_name	Diabetes mellitus
concepts[7].id	https://openalex.org/C2778198053
concepts[7].level	2
concepts[7].score	0.4991421699523926
concepts[7].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181754
concepts[7].display_name	Heart failure
concepts[8].id	https://openalex.org/C27415008
concepts[8].level	2
concepts[8].score	0.4587100148200989
concepts[8].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382
concepts[8].display_name	Psychological intervention
concepts[9].id	https://openalex.org/C2777289489
concepts[9].level	3
concepts[9].score	0.4544740617275238
concepts[9].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729126
concepts[9].display_name	Cardioversion
concepts[10].id	https://openalex.org/C2780473172
concepts[10].level	3
concepts[10].score	0.4443775713443756
concepts[10].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5572518
concepts[10].display_name	Glycemic
concepts[11].id	https://openalex.org/C164705383
concepts[11].level	1
concepts[11].score	0.37928274273872375
concepts[11].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379
concepts[11].display_name	Cardiology
concepts[12].id	https://openalex.org/C126322002
concepts[12].level	1
concepts[12].score	0.33439329266548157
concepts[12].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180
concepts[12].display_name	Internal medicine
concepts[13].id	https://openalex.org/C118552586
concepts[13].level	1
concepts[13].score	0.07938745617866516
concepts[13].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867
concepts[13].display_name	Psychiatry
concepts[14].id	https://openalex.org/C86803240
concepts[14].level	0
concepts[14].score	0.0
concepts[14].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420
concepts[14].display_name	Biology
concepts[15].id	https://openalex.org/C151730666
concepts[15].level	1
concepts[15].score	0.0
concepts[15].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205
concepts[15].display_name	Paleontology
concepts[16].id	https://openalex.org/C134018914
concepts[16].level	1
concepts[16].score	0.0
concepts[16].wikidata	https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606
concepts[16].display_name	Endocrinology
keywords[0].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine
keywords[0].score	0.9466472864151001
keywords[0].display_name	Medicine
keywords[1].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/atrial-fibrillation
keywords[1].score	0.7906372547149658
keywords[1].display_name	Atrial fibrillation
keywords[2].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/context
keywords[2].score	0.6166727542877197
keywords[2].display_name	Context (archaeology)
keywords[3].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/intensive-care-medicine
keywords[3].score	0.5931987762451172
keywords[3].display_name	Intensive care medicine
keywords[4].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/type-2-diabetes-mellitus
keywords[4].score	0.5767133235931396
keywords[4].display_name	Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
keywords[5].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/catheter-ablation
keywords[5].score	0.5638226866722107
keywords[5].display_name	Catheter ablation
keywords[6].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetes-mellitus
keywords[6].score	0.514602780342102
keywords[6].display_name	Diabetes mellitus
keywords[7].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/heart-failure
keywords[7].score	0.4991421699523926
keywords[7].display_name	Heart failure
keywords[8].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/psychological-intervention
keywords[8].score	0.4587100148200989
keywords[8].display_name	Psychological intervention
keywords[9].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/cardioversion
keywords[9].score	0.4544740617275238
keywords[9].display_name	Cardioversion
keywords[10].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/glycemic
keywords[10].score	0.4443775713443756
keywords[10].display_name	Glycemic
keywords[11].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiology
keywords[11].score	0.37928274273872375
keywords[11].display_name	Cardiology
keywords[12].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine
keywords[12].score	0.33439329266548157
keywords[12].display_name	Internal medicine
keywords[13].id	https://openalex.org/keywords/psychiatry
keywords[13].score	0.07938745617866516
keywords[13].display_name	Psychiatry
language	en
locations[0].id	doi:10.7759/cureus.45881
locations[0].is_oa	True
locations[0].source.id	https://openalex.org/S2738950867
locations[0].source.issn	2168-8184
locations[0].source.type	journal
locations[0].source.is_oa	True
locations[0].source.issn_l	2168-8184
locations[0].source.is_core	True
locations[0].source.is_in_doaj	False
locations[0].source.display_name	Cureus
locations[0].source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/P4310316779
locations[0].source.host_organization_name	Cureus, Inc.
locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/P4310316779
locations[0].license	cc-by
locations[0].pdf_url	https://assets.cureus.com/uploads/review_article/pdf/185076/20230925-18371-vf8uqs.pdf
locations[0].version	publishedVersion
locations[0].raw_type	journal-article
locations[0].license_id	https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by
locations[0].is_accepted	True
locations[0].is_published	True
locations[0].raw_source_name	Cureus
locations[0].landing_page_url	https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.45881
locations[1].id	pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10599207
locations[1].is_oa	True
locations[1].source.id	https://openalex.org/S2764455111
locations[1].source.issn
locations[1].source.type	repository
locations[1].source.is_oa	False
locations[1].source.issn_l
locations[1].source.is_core	False
locations[1].source.is_in_doaj	False
locations[1].source.display_name	PubMed Central
locations[1].source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/I1299303238
locations[1].source.host_organization_name	National Institutes of Health
locations[1].source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/I1299303238
locations[1].license	cc-by
locations[1].pdf_url	https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10599207/pdf/cureus-0015-00000045881.pdf
locations[1].version	submittedVersion
locations[1].raw_type	Text
locations[1].license_id	https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by
locations[1].is_accepted	False
locations[1].is_published	False
locations[1].raw_source_name	Cureus
locations[1].landing_page_url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10599207
indexed_in	crossref
authorships[0].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5113008216
authorships[0].author.orcid
authorships[0].author.display_name	Maryam Mohsin
authorships[0].countries	PK
authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I2799345741
authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Medicine, Lahore Medical and Dental College, Lahore, PAK.
authorships[0].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I2799345741
authorships[0].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/0381dt953
authorships[0].institutions[0].type	healthcare
authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I2799345741
authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code	PK
authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name	CMH Lahore Medical College and Institute of Dentistry
authorships[0].author_position	first
authorships[0].raw_author_name	Maryam Mohsin
authorships[0].is_corresponding	False
authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings	Medicine, Lahore Medical and Dental College, Lahore, PAK.
authorships[1].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5092937182
authorships[1].author.orcid
authorships[1].author.display_name	Hafiz Zeyad
authorships[1].countries	PK
authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I2802503132
authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Medicine and Surgery, Services Hospital Lahore, Lahore, PAK.
authorships[1].affiliations[1].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I162547998
authorships[1].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string	Cardiac Surgery, Punjab Institute of Cardiology (PIC), Lahore, PAK.
authorships[1].affiliations[2].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I125830269, https://openalex.org/I4210107540
authorships[1].affiliations[2].raw_affiliation_string	Medicine and Surgery, Services Institute of Medical Science (SIMS), Lahore, PAK.
authorships[1].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I4210107540
authorships[1].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/01rnr2315
authorships[1].institutions[0].type	education
authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I4210107540
authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code	PK
authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name	Institute of Management Sciences Lahore
authorships[1].institutions[1].id	https://openalex.org/I162547998
authorships[1].institutions[1].ror	https://ror.org/056mnr244
authorships[1].institutions[1].type	healthcare
authorships[1].institutions[1].lineage	https://openalex.org/I162547998
authorships[1].institutions[1].country_code	PK
authorships[1].institutions[1].display_name	Punjab Institute of Cardiology
authorships[1].institutions[2].id	https://openalex.org/I2802503132
authorships[1].institutions[2].ror	https://ror.org/0308pxz24
authorships[1].institutions[2].type	healthcare
authorships[1].institutions[2].lineage	https://openalex.org/I2802503132
authorships[1].institutions[2].country_code	PK
authorships[1].institutions[2].display_name	Services Hospital
authorships[1].institutions[3].id	https://openalex.org/I125830269
authorships[1].institutions[3].ror	https://ror.org/04c1d9r22
authorships[1].institutions[3].type	education
authorships[1].institutions[3].lineage	https://openalex.org/I125830269
authorships[1].institutions[3].country_code	PK
authorships[1].institutions[3].display_name	Services Institute of Medical Sciences
authorships[1].author_position	middle
authorships[1].raw_author_name	Hafiz Zeyad
authorships[1].is_corresponding	False
authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings	Cardiac Surgery, Punjab Institute of Cardiology (PIC), Lahore, PAK., Medicine and Surgery, Services Hospital Lahore, Lahore, PAK., Medicine and Surgery, Services Institute of Medical Science (SIMS), Lahore, PAK.
authorships[2].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5030529728
authorships[2].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0160-2749
authorships[2].author.display_name	Hareem Khalid
authorships[2].countries	PK
authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I2799345741
authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Medical School, Lahore Medical and Dental College, Lahore, PAK.
authorships[2].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I2799345741
authorships[2].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/0381dt953
authorships[2].institutions[0].type	healthcare
authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I2799345741
authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code	PK
authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name	CMH Lahore Medical College and Institute of Dentistry
authorships[2].author_position	middle
authorships[2].raw_author_name	Hareem Khalid
authorships[2].is_corresponding	False
authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings	Medical School, Lahore Medical and Dental College, Lahore, PAK.
authorships[3].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5070872750
authorships[3].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5694-6311
authorships[3].author.display_name	Abubakar Gapizov
authorships[3].countries	AG
authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I896053408
authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	General Surgery, American University of Antigua, St. John's, ATG.
authorships[3].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I896053408
authorships[3].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/001shqf12
authorships[3].institutions[0].type	education
authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I896053408
authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code	AG
authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name	American University of Antigua
authorships[3].author_position	middle
authorships[3].raw_author_name	Abubakar Gapizov
authorships[3].is_corresponding	False
authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings	General Surgery, American University of Antigua, St. John's, ATG.
authorships[4].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5104156924
authorships[4].author.orcid
authorships[4].author.display_name	Ruqiya Bibi
authorships[4].countries	PK
authorships[4].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I205173300
authorships[4].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Medical College, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, PAK.
authorships[4].affiliations[1].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I1312300495
authorships[4].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string	Medicine and Surgery, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, PAK.
authorships[4].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I205173300
authorships[4].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/04vhsg885
authorships[4].institutions[0].type	education
authorships[4].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I205173300
authorships[4].institutions[0].country_code	PK
authorships[4].institutions[0].display_name	Allama Iqbal Medical College
authorships[4].institutions[1].id	https://openalex.org/I1312300495
authorships[4].institutions[1].ror	https://ror.org/00952fj37
authorships[4].institutions[1].type	healthcare
authorships[4].institutions[1].lineage	https://openalex.org/I1312300495
authorships[4].institutions[1].country_code	PK
authorships[4].institutions[1].display_name	Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center
authorships[4].author_position	middle
authorships[4].raw_author_name	Ruqiya Bibi
authorships[4].is_corresponding	False
authorships[4].raw_affiliation_strings	Medical College, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, PAK., Medicine and Surgery, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, PAK.
authorships[5].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5092457569
authorships[5].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5401-3336
authorships[5].author.display_name	Yashkumar Girdharlal Kamani
authorships[5].countries	PH
authorships[5].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I4210155029
authorships[5].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	College of Medicine, Cagayan State University College of Medicine, Tuguegarao, PHL.
authorships[5].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I4210155029
authorships[5].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/05ms4pv23
authorships[5].institutions[0].type	education
authorships[5].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I4210155029
authorships[5].institutions[0].country_code	PH
authorships[5].institutions[0].display_name	Cagayan State University
authorships[5].author_position	middle
authorships[5].raw_author_name	Yashkumar Girdharlal Kamani
authorships[5].is_corresponding	False
authorships[5].raw_affiliation_strings	College of Medicine, Cagayan State University College of Medicine, Tuguegarao, PHL.
authorships[6].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5101357402
authorships[6].author.orcid
authorships[6].author.display_name	Ahmed Rashid
authorships[6].countries	CN
authorships[6].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I177739611
authorships[6].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	General Practice, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, CHN.
authorships[6].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I177739611
authorships[6].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/05bhmhz54
authorships[6].institutions[0].type	education
authorships[6].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I177739611
authorships[6].institutions[0].country_code	CN
authorships[6].institutions[0].display_name	Yangtze University
authorships[6].author_position	middle
authorships[6].raw_author_name	Ahmed Rashid
authorships[6].is_corresponding	False
authorships[6].raw_affiliation_strings	General Practice, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, CHN.
authorships[7].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5074586369
authorships[7].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3029-8402
authorships[7].author.display_name	Muhammad Usman Shams
authorships[7].countries	GB
authorships[7].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I2799967250
authorships[7].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Urology, Royal Bournemouth Hospital, Bournemouth, GBR.
authorships[7].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I2799967250
authorships[7].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/01v14jr37
authorships[7].institutions[0].type	healthcare
authorships[7].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I2799967250, https://openalex.org/I4387155041
authorships[7].institutions[0].country_code	GB
authorships[7].institutions[0].display_name	Royal Bournemouth Hospital
authorships[7].author_position	middle
authorships[7].raw_author_name	Muhammad Shams
authorships[7].is_corresponding	False
authorships[7].raw_affiliation_strings	Urology, Royal Bournemouth Hospital, Bournemouth, GBR.
authorships[8].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5083669507
authorships[8].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0238-9473
authorships[8].author.display_name	Faizan Khalid
authorships[8].countries	PK
authorships[8].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I142016965
authorships[8].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Internal Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, PAK.
authorships[8].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I142016965
authorships[8].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/02rrbpf42
authorships[8].institutions[0].type	education
authorships[8].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I142016965
authorships[8].institutions[0].country_code	PK
authorships[8].institutions[0].display_name	King Edward Medical University
authorships[8].author_position	middle
authorships[8].raw_author_name	Faizan Khalid
authorships[8].is_corresponding	False
authorships[8].raw_affiliation_strings	Internal Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, PAK.
authorships[9].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5113955265
authorships[9].author.orcid
authorships[9].author.display_name	Syeda Khan
authorships[9].countries	PK
authorships[9].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I188771183
authorships[9].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Internal Medicine, Iqra Medical Center and Maternity Home, Karachi, PAK.
authorships[9].affiliations[1].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I39727005
authorships[9].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string	Medicine and Surgery, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PAK.
authorships[9].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I39727005
authorships[9].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/01h85hm56
authorships[9].institutions[0].type	education
authorships[9].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I39727005
authorships[9].institutions[0].country_code	PK
authorships[9].institutions[0].display_name	Dow University of Health Sciences
authorships[9].institutions[1].id	https://openalex.org/I188771183
authorships[9].institutions[1].ror	https://ror.org/00thhhw55
authorships[9].institutions[1].type	education
authorships[9].institutions[1].lineage	https://openalex.org/I188771183
authorships[9].institutions[1].country_code	PK
authorships[9].institutions[1].display_name	Iqra University
authorships[9].author_position	middle
authorships[9].raw_author_name	Syeda Khan
authorships[9].is_corresponding	False
authorships[9].raw_affiliation_strings	Internal Medicine, Iqra Medical Center and Maternity Home, Karachi, PAK., Medicine and Surgery, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PAK.
authorships[10].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5086533220
authorships[10].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0814-7544
authorships[10].author.display_name	Muhammad Waqas
authorships[10].countries	PK
authorships[10].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I2801518632
authorships[10].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Internal Medicine, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, PAK.
authorships[10].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I2801518632
authorships[10].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/010pmyd80
authorships[10].institutions[0].type	education
authorships[10].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I2801518632
authorships[10].institutions[0].country_code	PK
authorships[10].institutions[0].display_name	Jinnah Sindh Medical University
authorships[10].author_position	middle
authorships[10].raw_author_name	Muhammad Waqas
authorships[10].is_corresponding	False
authorships[10].raw_affiliation_strings	Internal Medicine, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, PAK.
authorships[11].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5114070575
authorships[11].author.orcid
authorships[11].author.display_name	Anzal Ishfaq
authorships[11].countries	PK
authorships[11].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I4210145659
authorships[11].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Internal Medicine, Mayo Hospital, Lahore, PAK.
authorships[11].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I4210145659
authorships[11].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/046jyn221
authorships[11].institutions[0].type	healthcare
authorships[11].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I4210145659
authorships[11].institutions[0].country_code	PK
authorships[11].institutions[0].display_name	Mayo Hospital
authorships[11].author_position	middle
authorships[11].raw_author_name	Anzal Ishfaq
authorships[11].is_corresponding	False
authorships[11].raw_affiliation_strings	Internal Medicine, Mayo Hospital, Lahore, PAK.
authorships[12].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5101248410
authorships[12].author.orcid
authorships[12].author.display_name	Ayele H Kebede
authorships[12].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Internal Medicine, Kersa Primary Hospital, Asela, ETH.
authorships[12].author_position	middle
authorships[12].raw_author_name	Ayele H Kebede
authorships[12].is_corresponding	False
authorships[12].raw_affiliation_strings	Internal Medicine, Kersa Primary Hospital, Asela, ETH.
authorships[13].author.id	https://openalex.org/A5101923011
authorships[13].author.orcid	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5982-8708
authorships[13].author.display_name	Muhammad Subhan
authorships[13].countries	PK
authorships[13].affiliations[0].institution_ids	https://openalex.org/I1312300495, https://openalex.org/I205173300
authorships[13].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string	Internal Medicine, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, PAK.
authorships[13].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string	Medicine and Surgery, Al Barkat Health Care and Collection Centre, Lahore, PAK.
authorships[13].institutions[0].id	https://openalex.org/I205173300
authorships[13].institutions[0].ror	https://ror.org/04vhsg885
authorships[13].institutions[0].type	education
authorships[13].institutions[0].lineage	https://openalex.org/I205173300
authorships[13].institutions[0].country_code	PK
authorships[13].institutions[0].display_name	Allama Iqbal Medical College
authorships[13].institutions[1].id	https://openalex.org/I1312300495
authorships[13].institutions[1].ror	https://ror.org/00952fj37
authorships[13].institutions[1].type	healthcare
authorships[13].institutions[1].lineage	https://openalex.org/I1312300495
authorships[13].institutions[1].country_code	PK
authorships[13].institutions[1].display_name	Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center
authorships[13].author_position	last
authorships[13].raw_author_name	Muhammad Subhan
authorships[13].is_corresponding	False
authorships[13].raw_affiliation_strings	Internal Medicine, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, PAK., Medicine and Surgery, Al Barkat Health Care and Collection Centre, Lahore, PAK.
has_content.pdf	True
has_content.grobid_xml	True
is_paratext	False
open_access.is_oa	True
open_access.oa_url	https://assets.cureus.com/uploads/review_article/pdf/185076/20230925-18371-vf8uqs.pdf
open_access.oa_status	diamond
open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext	False
created_date	2023-09-26T00:00:00
display_name	The Synergistic Relationship Between Atrial Fibrillation and Diabetes Mellitus: Implications for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health
has_fulltext	True
is_retracted	False
updated_date	2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776
primary_topic.id	https://openalex.org/T10065
primary_topic.field.id	https://openalex.org/fields/27
primary_topic.field.display_name	Medicine
primary_topic.score	0.9995999932289124
primary_topic.domain.id	https://openalex.org/domains/4
primary_topic.domain.display_name	Health Sciences
primary_topic.subfield.id	https://openalex.org/subfields/2705
primary_topic.subfield.display_name	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
primary_topic.display_name	Atrial Fibrillation Management and Outcomes
related_works	https://openalex.org/W2038324904, https://openalex.org/W3033200810, https://openalex.org/W4309072394, https://openalex.org/W2021703221, https://openalex.org/W4361267797, https://openalex.org/W2405738564, https://openalex.org/W2997443537, https://openalex.org/W3151790662, https://openalex.org/W3107911307, https://openalex.org/W3107933435
cited_by_count	7
counts_by_year[0].year	2025
counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count	3
counts_by_year[1].year	2024
counts_by_year[1].cited_by_count	4
locations_count	2
best_oa_location.id	doi:10.7759/cureus.45881
best_oa_location.is_oa	True
best_oa_location.source.id	https://openalex.org/S2738950867
best_oa_location.source.issn	2168-8184
best_oa_location.source.type	journal
best_oa_location.source.is_oa	True
best_oa_location.source.issn_l	2168-8184
best_oa_location.source.is_core	True
best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj	False
best_oa_location.source.display_name	Cureus
best_oa_location.source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/P4310316779
best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name	Cureus, Inc.
best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/P4310316779
best_oa_location.license	cc-by
best_oa_location.pdf_url	https://assets.cureus.com/uploads/review_article/pdf/185076/20230925-18371-vf8uqs.pdf
best_oa_location.version	publishedVersion
best_oa_location.raw_type	journal-article
best_oa_location.license_id	https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by
best_oa_location.is_accepted	True
best_oa_location.is_published	True
best_oa_location.raw_source_name	Cureus
best_oa_location.landing_page_url	https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.45881
primary_location.id	doi:10.7759/cureus.45881
primary_location.is_oa	True
primary_location.source.id	https://openalex.org/S2738950867
primary_location.source.issn	2168-8184
primary_location.source.type	journal
primary_location.source.is_oa	True
primary_location.source.issn_l	2168-8184
primary_location.source.is_core	True
primary_location.source.is_in_doaj	False
primary_location.source.display_name	Cureus
primary_location.source.host_organization	https://openalex.org/P4310316779
primary_location.source.host_organization_name	Cureus, Inc.
primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage	https://openalex.org/P4310316779
primary_location.license	cc-by
primary_location.pdf_url	https://assets.cureus.com/uploads/review_article/pdf/185076/20230925-18371-vf8uqs.pdf
primary_location.version	publishedVersion
primary_location.raw_type	journal-article
primary_location.license_id	https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by
primary_location.is_accepted	True
primary_location.is_published	True
primary_location.raw_source_name	Cureus
primary_location.landing_page_url	https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.45881
publication_date	2023-09-24
publication_year	2023
referenced_works	https://openalex.org/W2969786006, https://openalex.org/W4238009561, https://openalex.org/W2806521060, https://openalex.org/W4365514079, https://openalex.org/W4376613310, https://openalex.org/W4317501520, https://openalex.org/W3024119213, https://openalex.org/W4382631320, https://openalex.org/W4313650054, https://openalex.org/W4328136985, https://openalex.org/W2886594123, https://openalex.org/W2907635165, https://openalex.org/W4220813442, https://openalex.org/W4380203714, https://openalex.org/W2019263369, https://openalex.org/W2142631027, https://openalex.org/W2011450045, https://openalex.org/W2756811299, https://openalex.org/W2754941991, https://openalex.org/W2059173603, https://openalex.org/W1976872170, https://openalex.org/W4200375953, https://openalex.org/W3005463714, https://openalex.org/W2127869916, https://openalex.org/W2078812006, https://openalex.org/W2807860129, https://openalex.org/W2070350109, https://openalex.org/W2788579413, https://openalex.org/W2733530127, https://openalex.org/W3119716927, https://openalex.org/W4214779611, https://openalex.org/W4298141811, https://openalex.org/W2888632254, https://openalex.org/W2564830433, https://openalex.org/W2792759358, https://openalex.org/W3027398726, https://openalex.org/W2912126386, https://openalex.org/W2092129811, https://openalex.org/W3100890280, https://openalex.org/W2068328326, https://openalex.org/W140098974, https://openalex.org/W2159999579, https://openalex.org/W3033541985, https://openalex.org/W4283801850, https://openalex.org/W3165447841, https://openalex.org/W3142283291, https://openalex.org/W2742923212, https://openalex.org/W3027568003, https://openalex.org/W2748939874, https://openalex.org/W2984917962, https://openalex.org/W2150052417, https://openalex.org/W2972485539, https://openalex.org/W2604882853, https://openalex.org/W4225402069, https://openalex.org/W3080459529, https://openalex.org/W3091750031, https://openalex.org/W4280556789, https://openalex.org/W3216516131, https://openalex.org/W2009410829, https://openalex.org/W4225313407, https://openalex.org/W4200550991, https://openalex.org/W4229333195
referenced_works_count	62
abstract_inverted_index.2	1
abstract_inverted_index.AF	177
abstract_inverted_index.It	135
abstract_inverted_index.We	47
abstract_inverted_index.an	125
abstract_inverted_index.as	114
abstract_inverted_index.in	162, 175
abstract_inverted_index.it	77
abstract_inverted_index.of	58, 86, 139, 181
abstract_inverted_index.to	33, 158
abstract_inverted_index.AF,	104
abstract_inverted_index.AF.	134
abstract_inverted_index.Our	93
abstract_inverted_index.and	5, 45, 55, 73, 90, 103, 107, 110, 118, 133, 146
abstract_inverted_index.are	9
abstract_inverted_index.can	51
abstract_inverted_index.for	99, 149, 171
abstract_inverted_index.our	137, 166
abstract_inverted_index.out	32
abstract_inverted_index.the	19, 36, 53, 59, 84, 128, 140, 169, 179
abstract_inverted_index.two	24
abstract_inverted_index.way	170
abstract_inverted_index.(AF)	8
abstract_inverted_index.AF's	80
abstract_inverted_index.T2DM	50, 102, 132
abstract_inverted_index.This	122, 152
abstract_inverted_index.Type	0
abstract_inverted_index.also	95
abstract_inverted_index.into	127
abstract_inverted_index.more	172
abstract_inverted_index.pave	168
abstract_inverted_index.risk	85
abstract_inverted_index.sets	31
abstract_inverted_index.such	113
abstract_inverted_index.that	13, 49
abstract_inverted_index.this	29, 163
abstract_inverted_index.with	101
abstract_inverted_index.T2DM.	182
abstract_inverted_index.While	18
abstract_inverted_index.about	39
abstract_inverted_index.atria	60
abstract_inverted_index.care.	151
abstract_inverted_index.drugs	109
abstract_inverted_index.heart	87
abstract_inverted_index.their	40, 147, 160
abstract_inverted_index.these	23
abstract_inverted_index.(T2DM)	4
abstract_inverted_index.atrial	6
abstract_inverted_index.deepen	159
abstract_inverted_index.direct	119
abstract_inverted_index.impact	15
abstract_inverted_index.public	16
abstract_inverted_index.remain	26
abstract_inverted_index.reveal	48
abstract_inverted_index.review	30, 94, 123
abstract_inverted_index.within	178
abstract_inverted_index.analyze	35
abstract_inverted_index.between	131
abstract_inverted_index.chronic	11
abstract_inverted_index.context	180
abstract_inverted_index.course,	82
abstract_inverted_index.current	37, 120
abstract_inverted_index.deepens	136
abstract_inverted_index.depicts	124
abstract_inverted_index.domain.	164
abstract_inverted_index.health.	17
abstract_inverted_index.insight	126
abstract_inverted_index.linking	22
abstract_inverted_index.options	98
abstract_inverted_index.patient	150
abstract_inverted_index.seeking	157
abstract_inverted_index.stress,	66
abstract_inverted_index.stroke,	89
abstract_inverted_index.through	61
abstract_inverted_index.ablation	117
abstract_inverted_index.benefits	155
abstract_inverted_index.catheter	116
abstract_inverted_index.clinical	81, 129
abstract_inverted_index.connexin	69
abstract_inverted_index.diabetes	2
abstract_inverted_index.diseases	25
abstract_inverted_index.evidence	38
abstract_inverted_index.explores	96
abstract_inverted_index.failure,	88
abstract_inverted_index.findings	167
abstract_inverted_index.glycemic	71
abstract_inverted_index.managing	176
abstract_inverted_index.mellitus	3
abstract_inverted_index.multiple	62
abstract_inverted_index.resource	154
abstract_inverted_index.Moreover,	76
abstract_inverted_index.autonomic	74
abstract_inverted_index.effective	173
abstract_inverted_index.elevating	83
abstract_inverted_index.fibrosis,	68
abstract_inverted_index.including	64
abstract_inverted_index.influence	52
abstract_inverted_index.interplay	130
abstract_inverted_index.intricate	20
abstract_inverted_index.knowledge	161
abstract_inverted_index.oxidative	65
abstract_inverted_index.pathways,	63
abstract_inverted_index.potential	143
abstract_inverted_index.treatment	97
abstract_inverted_index.conditions	12
abstract_inverted_index.diagnosis,	43
abstract_inverted_index.electrical	54
abstract_inverted_index.influences	79
abstract_inverted_index.mechanisms	21
abstract_inverted_index.mortality.	92
abstract_inverted_index.profoundly	14
abstract_inverted_index.prognosis,	44
abstract_inverted_index.properties	57
abstract_inverted_index.strategies	174
abstract_inverted_index.structural	56
abstract_inverted_index.treatment.	46
abstract_inverted_index.widespread	10
abstract_inverted_index.Ultimately,	165
abstract_inverted_index.fundamental	141
abstract_inverted_index.individuals	100
abstract_inverted_index.mechanisms,	142
abstract_inverted_index.remodeling,	70
abstract_inverted_index.researchers	156
abstract_inverted_index.therapeutic	144
abstract_inverted_index.understood,	28
abstract_inverted_index.antidiabetic	106
abstract_inverted_index.dysfunction.	75
abstract_inverted_index.encompassing	105
abstract_inverted_index.fibrillation	7
abstract_inverted_index.implications	148
abstract_inverted_index.incompletely	27
abstract_inverted_index.variability,	72
abstract_inverted_index.cardioversion	115
abstract_inverted_index.comprehension	138
abstract_inverted_index.comprehensive	153
abstract_inverted_index.epidemiology,	42
abstract_inverted_index.inflammation,	67
abstract_inverted_index.significantly	78
abstract_inverted_index.antiarrhythmic	108
abstract_inverted_index.cardiovascular	91
abstract_inverted_index.cardioversion.	121
abstract_inverted_index.interventions,	112, 145
abstract_inverted_index.comprehensively	34
abstract_inverted_index.pathophysiology,	41
abstract_inverted_index.non-pharmacological	111
cited_by_percentile_year.max	98
cited_by_percentile_year.min	97
countries_distinct_count	5
institutions_distinct_count	14
sustainable_development_goals[0].id	https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3
sustainable_development_goals[0].score	0.7599999904632568
sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name	Good health and well-being
citation_normalized_percentile.value	0.87194477
citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent	False
citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent	True