The usage of fog and dew in solar power plants of the Atacama Desert Article Swipe
Felipe Lobos‐Roco
,
Francisco Suárez
,
Rodrigo Escobar
,
Pablo Osses
,
Carla Ramírez
,
Klaus Keim
,
Ignacio Aguirre
,
Francisca Aguirre-Correa
,
Constanza Vargas
,
Francisco Abarca
,
Camilo del Río
·
YOU?
·
· 2023
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu23-9376
YOU?
·
· 2023
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu23-9376
The Atacama desert is one of the most promising places on Earth for developing solar power energy due to its aridity, irradiation, and market conditions. However, the high levels of dust attenuate solar power production. This problem is solved by frequent cleaning of the solar panels, which requires a significant amount of water in one of the driest places in the world. Despite the drought condition, the fog and dew formed at the coastal zone of the desert arise as a complementary water source that can potentially be tapped. In this study, we assess the potential of atmospheric water for usage in four solar power plants. We conduct this assessment by combining a satellite-spatial analysis of fog and low cloud frequency, a thermodynamic vertical characterization of the marine boundary layer, and an observational analysis of fog and dew collection using different instruments. Our results reveal that fog and dew are a regular phenomenon in the solar power plants analyzed, being present between 3% and 20% of the year. Oceanic conditions control such phenomena through the inland advection of the marine boundary layer. This layer interacts with a complex topography characterized by natural corridors that allow fog and low clouds to penetrate farther inland. Our observations show that fog and dew are collected mainly during the night, with average rates between 0.1 and 0.2 L m-2 day-1. Our research confirms that atmospheric water potential vastly exceeds the solar power plant water demand, demonstrating that atmospheric water is a reliable source for the industry.
Related Topics
Concepts
Metadata
- Type
- preprint
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu23-9376
- OA Status
- gold
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4322004755
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W4322004755Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu23-9376Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
The usage of fog and dew in solar power plants of the Atacama DesertWork title
- Type
-
preprintOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2023Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2023-02-25Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Felipe Lobos‐Roco, Francisco Suárez, Rodrigo Escobar, Pablo Osses, Carla Ramírez, Klaus Keim, Ignacio Aguirre, Francisca Aguirre-Correa, Constanza Vargas, Francisco Abarca, Camilo del RíoList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu23-9376Publisher landing page
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu23-9376Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Dew, Environmental science, Atmospheric sciences, Advection, Water vapor, Arid, Precipitation, Humidity, Precipitable water, Meteorology, Planetary boundary layer, Hydrology (agriculture), Geology, Geography, Physics, Turbulence, Paleontology, Thermodynamics, Geotechnical engineering, CondensationTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
0Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W4322004755 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu23-9376 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu23-9376 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W4322004755 |
| fwci | |
| type | preprint |
| title | The usage of fog and dew in solar power plants of the Atacama Desert |
| biblio.issue | |
| biblio.volume | |
| biblio.last_page | |
| biblio.first_page | |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T12383 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/19 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Earth and Planetary Sciences |
| topics[0].score | 0.951200008392334 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/1904 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Earth-Surface Processes |
| topics[0].display_name | Aeolian processes and effects |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T10905 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/21 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Energy |
| topics[1].score | 0.9363999962806702 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2105 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment |
| topics[1].display_name | Solar Thermal and Photovoltaic Systems |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T12008 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/21 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Energy |
| topics[2].score | 0.9337999820709229 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2105 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment |
| topics[2].display_name | Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list | |
| apc_paid | |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C64900583 |
| concepts[0].level | 3 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.8823438882827759 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41097 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Dew |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C39432304 |
| concepts[1].level | 0 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.7455024123191833 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Environmental science |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C91586092 |
| concepts[2].level | 1 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.5385374426841736 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Atmospheric sciences |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C5072599 |
| concepts[3].level | 2 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.5080966949462891 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q379788 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Advection |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C147534773 |
| concepts[4].level | 2 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.483859658241272 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190120 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Water vapor |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C150772632 |
| concepts[5].level | 2 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.48216742277145386 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1330709 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Arid |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C107054158 |
| concepts[6].level | 2 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.44421133399009705 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25257 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Precipitation |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C151420433 |
| concepts[7].level | 2 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.4412563145160675 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180600 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Humidity |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C156008332 |
| concepts[8].level | 3 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.43531090021133423 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778526 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Precipitable water |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C153294291 |
| concepts[9].level | 1 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.4230038523674011 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261 |
| concepts[9].display_name | Meteorology |
| concepts[10].id | https://openalex.org/C86338904 |
| concepts[10].level | 3 |
| concepts[10].score | 0.4114900529384613 |
| concepts[10].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1757268 |
| concepts[10].display_name | Planetary boundary layer |
| concepts[11].id | https://openalex.org/C76886044 |
| concepts[11].level | 2 |
| concepts[11].score | 0.3361818790435791 |
| concepts[11].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2883300 |
| concepts[11].display_name | Hydrology (agriculture) |
| concepts[12].id | https://openalex.org/C127313418 |
| concepts[12].level | 0 |
| concepts[12].score | 0.1977626085281372 |
| concepts[12].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069 |
| concepts[12].display_name | Geology |
| concepts[13].id | https://openalex.org/C205649164 |
| concepts[13].level | 0 |
| concepts[13].score | 0.14126476645469666 |
| concepts[13].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071 |
| concepts[13].display_name | Geography |
| concepts[14].id | https://openalex.org/C121332964 |
| concepts[14].level | 0 |
| concepts[14].score | 0.0796210765838623 |
| concepts[14].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413 |
| concepts[14].display_name | Physics |
| concepts[15].id | https://openalex.org/C196558001 |
| concepts[15].level | 2 |
| concepts[15].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[15].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190132 |
| concepts[15].display_name | Turbulence |
| concepts[16].id | https://openalex.org/C151730666 |
| concepts[16].level | 1 |
| concepts[16].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[16].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205 |
| concepts[16].display_name | Paleontology |
| concepts[17].id | https://openalex.org/C97355855 |
| concepts[17].level | 1 |
| concepts[17].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[17].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473 |
| concepts[17].display_name | Thermodynamics |
| concepts[18].id | https://openalex.org/C187320778 |
| concepts[18].level | 1 |
| concepts[18].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[18].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130 |
| concepts[18].display_name | Geotechnical engineering |
| concepts[19].id | https://openalex.org/C200093464 |
| concepts[19].level | 2 |
| concepts[19].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[19].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166583 |
| concepts[19].display_name | Condensation |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/dew |
| keywords[0].score | 0.8823438882827759 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Dew |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science |
| keywords[1].score | 0.7455024123191833 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Environmental science |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-sciences |
| keywords[2].score | 0.5385374426841736 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Atmospheric sciences |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/advection |
| keywords[3].score | 0.5080966949462891 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Advection |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/water-vapor |
| keywords[4].score | 0.483859658241272 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Water vapor |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/arid |
| keywords[5].score | 0.48216742277145386 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Arid |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/precipitation |
| keywords[6].score | 0.44421133399009705 |
| keywords[6].display_name | Precipitation |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/humidity |
| keywords[7].score | 0.4412563145160675 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Humidity |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/precipitable-water |
| keywords[8].score | 0.43531090021133423 |
| keywords[8].display_name | Precipitable water |
| keywords[9].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology |
| keywords[9].score | 0.4230038523674011 |
| keywords[9].display_name | Meteorology |
| keywords[10].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/planetary-boundary-layer |
| keywords[10].score | 0.4114900529384613 |
| keywords[10].display_name | Planetary boundary layer |
| keywords[11].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrology |
| keywords[11].score | 0.3361818790435791 |
| keywords[11].display_name | Hydrology (agriculture) |
| keywords[12].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/geology |
| keywords[12].score | 0.1977626085281372 |
| keywords[12].display_name | Geology |
| keywords[13].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/geography |
| keywords[13].score | 0.14126476645469666 |
| keywords[13].display_name | Geography |
| keywords[14].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/physics |
| keywords[14].score | 0.0796210765838623 |
| keywords[14].display_name | Physics |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.5194/egusphere-egu23-9376 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source | |
| locations[0].license | cc-by |
| locations[0].pdf_url | |
| locations[0].version | acceptedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | posted-content |
| locations[0].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | False |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu23-9376 |
| indexed_in | crossref |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5073374421 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8786-0083 |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Felipe Lobos‐Roco |
| authorships[0].countries | CL |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I162148367 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Departamento de ingeniería hidráulica y ambiental, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I162148367 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04teye511 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I162148367 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | CL |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Felipe Lobos Roco |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | Departamento de ingeniería hidráulica y ambiental, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5006348454 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4394-957X |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Francisco Suárez |
| authorships[1].countries | CL |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I162148367 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Departamento de ingeniería hidráulica y ambiental, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I162148367 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04teye511 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I162148367 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | CL |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Francisco Suarez |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | Departamento de ingeniería hidráulica y ambiental, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5007177418 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9097-7461 |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Rodrigo Escobar |
| authorships[2].countries | CL |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I162148367 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica y Metalúrgica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I162148367 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04teye511 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I162148367 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | CL |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Rodrigo Escobar |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica y Metalúrgica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5020411112 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8102-7296 |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | Pablo Osses |
| authorships[3].author_position | middle |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | Pablo Osses |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[4].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5017368778 |
| authorships[4].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9146-0894 |
| authorships[4].author.display_name | Carla Ramírez |
| authorships[4].author_position | middle |
| authorships[4].raw_author_name | Carla Ramirez |
| authorships[4].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[5].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5024510461 |
| authorships[5].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6493-2758 |
| authorships[5].author.display_name | Klaus Keim |
| authorships[5].author_position | middle |
| authorships[5].raw_author_name | Klaus Keim |
| authorships[5].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[6].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5060607926 |
| authorships[6].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7722-9677 |
| authorships[6].author.display_name | Ignacio Aguirre |
| authorships[6].countries | CA |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I32625721 |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Geography and Planning, Centre for Hydrology. University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I32625721 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/010x8gc63 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I32625721 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].country_code | CA |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].display_name | University of Saskatchewan |
| authorships[6].author_position | middle |
| authorships[6].raw_author_name | Ignacio Aguirre |
| authorships[6].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[6].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Geography and Planning, Centre for Hydrology. University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada |
| authorships[7].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5013037296 |
| authorships[7].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5346-4472 |
| authorships[7].author.display_name | Francisca Aguirre-Correa |
| authorships[7].countries | CL |
| authorships[7].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I162148367 |
| authorships[7].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Departamento de ingeniería hidráulica y ambiental, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I162148367 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04teye511 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I162148367 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].country_code | CL |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].display_name | Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile |
| authorships[7].author_position | middle |
| authorships[7].raw_author_name | Francisca Aguirre |
| authorships[7].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[7].raw_affiliation_strings | Departamento de ingeniería hidráulica y ambiental, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. |
| authorships[8].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5037092218 |
| authorships[8].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8667-1926 |
| authorships[8].author.display_name | Constanza Vargas |
| authorships[8].author_position | middle |
| authorships[8].raw_author_name | Constanza Vargas |
| authorships[8].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[9].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5058554636 |
| authorships[9].author.orcid | |
| authorships[9].author.display_name | Francisco Abarca |
| authorships[9].author_position | middle |
| authorships[9].raw_author_name | Francisco Abarca |
| authorships[9].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[10].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5036583675 |
| authorships[10].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6817-431X |
| authorships[10].author.display_name | Camilo del Río |
| authorships[10].author_position | last |
| authorships[10].raw_author_name | Camilo del Rio |
| authorships[10].is_corresponding | False |
| has_content.pdf | False |
| has_content.grobid_xml | False |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu23-9376 |
| open_access.oa_status | gold |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | The usage of fog and dew in solar power plants of the Atacama Desert |
| has_fulltext | False |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T12383 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/19 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Earth and Planetary Sciences |
| primary_topic.score | 0.951200008392334 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/1904 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Earth-Surface Processes |
| primary_topic.display_name | Aeolian processes and effects |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W2349223641, https://openalex.org/W4247382271, https://openalex.org/W2358364461, https://openalex.org/W2954396071, https://openalex.org/W1996298957, https://openalex.org/W4229790932, https://openalex.org/W2383636265, https://openalex.org/W4238905027, https://openalex.org/W3141824831, https://openalex.org/W4205782423 |
| cited_by_count | 0 |
| locations_count | 1 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.5194/egusphere-egu23-9376 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source | |
| best_oa_location.license | cc-by |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | |
| best_oa_location.version | acceptedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | posted-content |
| best_oa_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | False |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu23-9376 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.5194/egusphere-egu23-9376 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source | |
| primary_location.license | cc-by |
| primary_location.pdf_url | |
| primary_location.version | acceptedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | posted-content |
| primary_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | False |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu23-9376 |
| publication_date | 2023-02-25 |
| publication_year | 2023 |
| referenced_works_count | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.L | 223 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 48, 80, 112, 121, 150, 186, 245 |
| abstract_inverted_index.3% | 162 |
| abstract_inverted_index.In | 89 |
| abstract_inverted_index.We | 106 |
| abstract_inverted_index.an | 131 |
| abstract_inverted_index.as | 79 |
| abstract_inverted_index.at | 71 |
| abstract_inverted_index.be | 87 |
| abstract_inverted_index.by | 39, 110, 190 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 53, 59, 101, 153 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 3, 37, 244 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 5, 29, 42, 51, 55, 75, 96, 115, 125, 134, 165, 177 |
| abstract_inverted_index.on | 10 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 18, 199 |
| abstract_inverted_index.we | 92 |
| abstract_inverted_index.0.1 | 220 |
| abstract_inverted_index.0.2 | 222 |
| abstract_inverted_index.20% | 164 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Our | 142, 203, 225 |
| abstract_inverted_index.The | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 22, 68, 117, 130, 136, 147, 163, 196, 208, 221 |
| abstract_inverted_index.are | 149, 210 |
| abstract_inverted_index.can | 85 |
| abstract_inverted_index.dew | 69, 137, 148, 209 |
| abstract_inverted_index.due | 17 |
| abstract_inverted_index.fog | 67, 116, 135, 146, 195, 207 |
| abstract_inverted_index.for | 12, 99, 248 |
| abstract_inverted_index.its | 19 |
| abstract_inverted_index.low | 118, 197 |
| abstract_inverted_index.one | 4, 54 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 6, 26, 43, 56, 60, 63, 66, 72, 76, 94, 126, 154, 166, 174, 178, 214, 234, 249 |
| abstract_inverted_index.This | 35, 182 |
| abstract_inverted_index.dust | 30 |
| abstract_inverted_index.four | 102 |
| abstract_inverted_index.high | 27 |
| abstract_inverted_index.most | 7 |
| abstract_inverted_index.show | 205 |
| abstract_inverted_index.such | 171 |
| abstract_inverted_index.that | 84, 145, 193, 206, 228, 241 |
| abstract_inverted_index.this | 90, 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 185, 216 |
| abstract_inverted_index.zone | 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Earth | 11 |
| abstract_inverted_index.allow | 194 |
| abstract_inverted_index.arise | 78 |
| abstract_inverted_index.being | 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cloud | 119 |
| abstract_inverted_index.layer | 183 |
| abstract_inverted_index.plant | 237 |
| abstract_inverted_index.power | 15, 33, 104, 156, 236 |
| abstract_inverted_index.rates | 218 |
| abstract_inverted_index.solar | 14, 32, 44, 103, 155, 235 |
| abstract_inverted_index.usage | 100 |
| abstract_inverted_index.using | 139 |
| abstract_inverted_index.water | 52, 82, 98, 230, 238, 243 |
| abstract_inverted_index.which | 46 |
| abstract_inverted_index.year. | 167 |
| abstract_inverted_index.amount | 50 |
| abstract_inverted_index.assess | 93 |
| abstract_inverted_index.clouds | 198 |
| abstract_inverted_index.desert | 2, 77 |
| abstract_inverted_index.driest | 57 |
| abstract_inverted_index.during | 213 |
| abstract_inverted_index.energy | 16 |
| abstract_inverted_index.formed | 70 |
| abstract_inverted_index.inland | 175 |
| abstract_inverted_index.layer, | 129 |
| abstract_inverted_index.layer. | 181 |
| abstract_inverted_index.levels | 28 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mainly | 212 |
| abstract_inverted_index.marine | 127, 179 |
| abstract_inverted_index.market | 23 |
| abstract_inverted_index.night, | 215 |
| abstract_inverted_index.places | 9, 58 |
| abstract_inverted_index.plants | 157 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reveal | 144 |
| abstract_inverted_index.solved | 38 |
| abstract_inverted_index.source | 83, 247 |
| abstract_inverted_index.study, | 91 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vastly | 232 |
| abstract_inverted_index.world. | 61 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Atacama | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Despite | 62 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Oceanic | 168 |
| abstract_inverted_index.average | 217 |
| abstract_inverted_index.between | 161, 219 |
| abstract_inverted_index.coastal | 73 |
| abstract_inverted_index.complex | 187 |
| abstract_inverted_index.conduct | 107 |
| abstract_inverted_index.control | 170 |
| abstract_inverted_index.demand, | 239 |
| abstract_inverted_index.drought | 64 |
| abstract_inverted_index.exceeds | 233 |
| abstract_inverted_index.farther | 201 |
| abstract_inverted_index.inland. | 202 |
| abstract_inverted_index.natural | 191 |
| abstract_inverted_index.panels, | 45 |
| abstract_inverted_index.plants. | 105 |
| abstract_inverted_index.present | 160 |
| abstract_inverted_index.problem | 36 |
| abstract_inverted_index.regular | 151 |
| abstract_inverted_index.results | 143 |
| abstract_inverted_index.tapped. | 88 |
| abstract_inverted_index.through | 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.However, | 25 |
| abstract_inverted_index.analysis | 114, 133 |
| abstract_inverted_index.aridity, | 20 |
| abstract_inverted_index.boundary | 128, 180 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cleaning | 41 |
| abstract_inverted_index.confirms | 227 |
| abstract_inverted_index.frequent | 40 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reliable | 246 |
| abstract_inverted_index.requires | 47 |
| abstract_inverted_index.research | 226 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vertical | 123 |
| abstract_inverted_index.advection | 176 |
| abstract_inverted_index.analyzed, | 158 |
| abstract_inverted_index.attenuate | 31 |
| abstract_inverted_index.collected | 211 |
| abstract_inverted_index.combining | 111 |
| abstract_inverted_index.corridors | 192 |
| abstract_inverted_index.different | 140 |
| abstract_inverted_index.industry. | 250 |
| abstract_inverted_index.interacts | 184 |
| abstract_inverted_index.penetrate | 200 |
| abstract_inverted_index.phenomena | 172 |
| abstract_inverted_index.potential | 95, 231 |
| abstract_inverted_index.promising | 8 |
| abstract_inverted_index.assessment | 109 |
| abstract_inverted_index.collection | 138 |
| abstract_inverted_index.condition, | 65 |
| abstract_inverted_index.conditions | 169 |
| abstract_inverted_index.developing | 13 |
| abstract_inverted_index.frequency, | 120 |
| abstract_inverted_index.phenomenon | 152 |
| abstract_inverted_index.topography | 188 |
| abstract_inverted_index.atmospheric | 97, 229, 242 |
| abstract_inverted_index.conditions. | 24 |
| abstract_inverted_index.potentially | 86 |
| abstract_inverted_index.production. | 34 |
| abstract_inverted_index.significant | 49 |
| abstract_inverted_index.instruments. | 141 |
| abstract_inverted_index.irradiation, | 21 |
| abstract_inverted_index.observations | 204 |
| abstract_inverted_index.characterized | 189 |
| abstract_inverted_index.complementary | 81 |
| abstract_inverted_index.demonstrating | 240 |
| abstract_inverted_index.observational | 132 |
| abstract_inverted_index.thermodynamic | 122 |
| abstract_inverted_index.characterization | 124 |
| abstract_inverted_index.satellite-spatial | 113 |
| abstract_inverted_index.m-2 day-1. | 224 |
| cited_by_percentile_year | |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5073374421, https://openalex.org/A5013037296, https://openalex.org/A5060607926, https://openalex.org/A5006348454 |
| countries_distinct_count | 2 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 11 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I162148367, https://openalex.org/I32625721 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.4399999976158142 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Affordable and clean energy |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.03759655 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | False |