The Validity of Steady-State Visual Evoked Potentials as Attention Tags and Input Signals: A Critical Perspective of Frequency Allocation and Number of Stimuli Article Swipe
Lu Wang
,
Dan Han
,
Binbin Qian
,
Zhenhao Zhang
,
Zhijun Zhang
,
Zhifang Liu
·
YOU?
·
· 2020
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10090616
YOU?
·
· 2020
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10090616
Steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) is a periodic response to a repetitive visual stimulus at a specific frequency. Currently, SSVEP is widely treated as an attention tag in cognitive activities and is used as an input signal for brain–computer interfaces (BCIs). However, whether SSVEP can be used as a reliable indicator has been a controversial issue. We focused on the independence of SSVEP from frequency allocation and number of stimuli. First, a cue–target paradigm was adopted to examine the interaction between SSVEPs evoked by two stimuli with different frequency allocations under different attention conditions. Second, we explored whether signal strength and the performance of SSVEP-based BCIs were affected by the number of stimuli. The results revealed that no significant interaction of SSVEP responses appeared between attended and unattended stimuli under various frequency allocations, regardless of their appearance in the fundamental or second-order harmonic. The amplitude of SSVEP suffered no significant gain or loss under different numbers of stimuli, but the performance of SSVEP-based BCIs varied along with duration of stimuli; that is, the recognition rate was not affected by the number of stimuli when the duration of stimuli was long enough, while the information transfer rate (ITR) presented the opposite trend. It can be concluded that SSVEP is a reliable tool for marking and monitoring multiple stimuli simultaneously in cognitive studies, but much caution should be taken when choosing a suitable duration and the number of stimuli, in order to achieve optimal utility of BCIs in the future.
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- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10090616
- https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/10/9/616/pdf
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 9
- References
- 50
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W3083653362
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
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https://openalex.org/W3083653362Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10090616Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
The Validity of Steady-State Visual Evoked Potentials as Attention Tags and Input Signals: A Critical Perspective of Frequency Allocation and Number of StimuliWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2020Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2020-09-07Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Lu Wang, Dan Han, Binbin Qian, Zhenhao Zhang, Zhijun Zhang, Zhifang LiuList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10090616Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/10/9/616/pdfDirect link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/10/9/616/pdfDirect OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Perspective (graphical), Steady state (chemistry), Visual evoked potentials, Psychology, Cognitive psychology, Computer science, Neuroscience, Audiology, Artificial intelligence, Chemistry, Medicine, Physical chemistryTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
9Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
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2025: 2, 2024: 2, 2022: 3, 2021: 1, 2020: 1Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
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50Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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