The Variability Behavior of NGC 925 ULX-3 Article Swipe
Hannah P. Earnshaw
,
Murray Brightman
,
Fiona A. Harrison
,
Marianne Heida
,
Amruta Jaodand
,
Matthew Middleton
,
Timothy P. L. Roberts
,
D. J. Walton
·
YOU?
·
· 2022
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac79b0
YOU?
·
· 2022
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac79b0
We report the results of a 2019–2021 monitoring campaign with Swift and associated target-of-opportunity observations with XMM-Newton and NuSTAR, examining the spectral and timing behavior of the highly variable ultraluminous X-ray source (ULX) NGC 925 ULX-3. We find that the source exhibits a 127–128-day periodicity, with fluxes typically ranging from 1 × 10 −13 to 8 × 10 −13 erg s −1 cm −2 . We do not find strong evidence for a change in period over the time that NGC 925 ULX-3 has been observed, although the source may have been in a much lower flux state when first observed with Chandra in 2005. We do not detect pulsations, and we place an upper limit on the pulsed fraction of ∼40% in the XMM-Newton band, consistent with some previous pulsation detections at low energies in other ULXs. The source exhibits a typical ULX spectrum that turns over in the NuSTAR band and can be fitted using two thermal components. These components have a high temperature ratio that may indicate the lack of extreme inner disk truncation by a magnetar-level magnetic field. We examine the implications for a number of different models for superorbital periods in ULXs, finding that a neutron star with a magnetic field of ∼10 12 G may be plausible for this source. The future detection of pulsations from this source would allow for the further testing and constraining of such models.
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Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac79b0
- https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ac79b0/pdf
- OA Status
- gold
- References
- 58
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
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All OpenAlex metadata
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https://openalex.org/W4283212703Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac79b0Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
The Variability Behavior of NGC 925 ULX-3Work title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
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enPrimary language
- Publication year
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2022Year of publication
- Publication date
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2022-07-01Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Hannah P. Earnshaw, Murray Brightman, Fiona A. Harrison, Marianne Heida, Amruta Jaodand, Matthew Middleton, Timothy P. L. Roberts, D. J. WaltonList of authors in order
- Landing page
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https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac79b0Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
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https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ac79b0/pdfDirect link to full text PDF
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YesWhether a free full text is available
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goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
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https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ac79b0/pdfDirect OA link when available
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Magnetar, Physics, Astrophysics, Neutron star, Flux (metallurgy), Swift, Astronomy, Metallurgy, Materials scienceTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
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0Total citation count in OpenAlex
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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