Time2Stop: Adaptive and Explainable Human-AI Loop for Smartphone Overuse Intervention Article Swipe
YOU?
·
· 2024
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/3613904.3642747
Despite a rich history of investigating smartphone overuse intervention techniques, AI-based just-in-time adaptive intervention (JITAI) methods for overuse reduction are lacking. We develop Time2Stop, an intelligent, adaptive, and explainable JITAI system that leverages machine learning to identify optimal intervention timings, introduces interventions with transparent AI explanations, and collects user feedback to establish a human-AI loop and adapt the intervention model over time. We conducted an 8-week field experiment (N=71) to evaluate the effectiveness of both the adaptation and explanation aspects of Time2Stop. Our results indicate that our adaptive models significantly outperform the baseline methods on intervention accuracy (>32.8\% relatively) and receptivity (>8.0\%). In addition, incorporating explanations further enhances the effectiveness by 53.8\% and 11.4\% on accuracy and receptivity, respectively. Moreover, Time2Stop significantly reduces overuse, decreasing app visit frequency by 7.0$\sim$8.9\%. Our subjective data also echoed these quantitative measures. Participants preferred the adaptive interventions and rated the system highly on intervention time accuracy, effectiveness, and level of trust. We envision our work can inspire future research on JITAI systems with a human-AI loop to evolve with users.
Related Topics
- Type
- preprint
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1145/3613904.3642747
- https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3613904.3642747
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 28
- References
- 62
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4392736453
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
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https://openalex.org/W4392736453Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.1145/3613904.3642747Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Time2Stop: Adaptive and Explainable Human-AI Loop for Smartphone Overuse InterventionWork title
- Type
-
preprintOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2024Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2024-05-11Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Adiba Orzikulova, Xiao Han, Zhipeng Li, Yukang Yan, Yuntao Wang, Yuanchun Shi, Marzyeh Ghassemi, Sung-Ju Lee, Anind K. Dey, Xuhai XuList of authors in order
- Landing page
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https://doi.org/10.1145/3613904.3642747Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
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https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3613904.3642747Direct link to full text PDF
- Open access
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YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
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goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3613904.3642747Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
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Human-in-the-loop, Intervention (counseling), Computer science, Loop (graph theory), Medicine, Artificial intelligence, Nursing, Mathematics, CombinatoricsTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
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28Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
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2025: 22, 2024: 5, 2023: 1Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
62Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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| publication_date | 2024-05-11 |
| publication_year | 2024 |
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| abstract_inverted_index.and | 27, 46, 55, 77, 99, 112, 116, 143, 153 |
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| abstract_inverted_index.53.8\% | 111 |
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| abstract_inverted_index.adaptive | 12, 87, 141 |
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| abstract_inverted_index.techniques, | 9 |
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| abstract_inverted_index.effectiveness | 72, 109 |
| abstract_inverted_index.explanations, | 45 |
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| abstract_inverted_index.significantly | 89, 121 |
| abstract_inverted_index.effectiveness, | 152 |
| abstract_inverted_index.7.0$\sim$8.9\%. | 129 |
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